JPH0369986B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0369986B2
JPH0369986B2 JP58191751A JP19175183A JPH0369986B2 JP H0369986 B2 JPH0369986 B2 JP H0369986B2 JP 58191751 A JP58191751 A JP 58191751A JP 19175183 A JP19175183 A JP 19175183A JP H0369986 B2 JPH0369986 B2 JP H0369986B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
alloy
nitrogen
ion nitriding
range
hydrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP58191751A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6086263A (en
Inventor
Masaki Morikawa
Fukuhisa Matsuda
Kazuhiro Nakada
Yukio Osada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Materials Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority to JP19175183A priority Critical patent/JPS6086263A/en
Publication of JPS6086263A publication Critical patent/JPS6086263A/en
Publication of JPH0369986B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0369986B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

この発明は、Ni基合金の表面にイオン窒化処
理により硬化層を形成する方法に関するものであ
る。 一般に、例えばモーターボートや上陸用舟艇な
どの特殊船舶のプロペラや、耐食耐熱バルブ、さ
らに射出成形機の金型、シリンダ、およびスクリ
ユ部材などの製造には、高強度と耐食性、さらに
耐熱性が要求されることから、これらの特性を具
備した各種のNi基合金が用いられている。 しかし、これらのNi基合金は、上記の通り高
強度、並びにすぐれた耐食性および耐熱性を有す
るものの、反面相対的に硬さが低く、耐摩耗性が
十分でないために比較的短かい使用寿命しか示さ
ない。 かかる点から、Ni基合金の表面を硬化して、
耐摩耗性を確保しようとする試みもなされたが、
未だNi基合金の表面に硬化層を形成できた成功
例を見ないのが現状である。 そこで、本発明者等は、上述のような観点か
ら、Ni基合金の表面硬化をはかるべく研究を行
なつた結果、Ni基合金を、重量%で(以下%は
重量%を示す)、 Cr:10〜40%、 を含有し、さらに、 AlおよびTiのうちの1種または2種:0.1〜12
%、 を含有するNi基合金に特定した上で、これに、 0.5%〜15torrの範囲内の所定圧力の窒素雰囲
気または窒素と水素の混合ガス雰囲気(望ましく
は容量比で、H2/N2:4以下)中のグロー放電
下、500〜700℃の範囲内の所定温度でイオン窒化
処理を施すと、イオン状になつた窒素が合金表面
から浸入し、合金成分であるCrと結合して窒化
クロムを形成し、この反応は合金中に同じく合金
成分として含有するAlおよびTiによつて一段と
促進されるようになり、この窒化クロムはきわめ
て硬質なので、前記Ni基合金表面は硬化される
ようになるという研究結果を得たのである。 この発明は、上記の研究結果にもとづいてなさ
れたものであつて、 Cr:10〜40%、 を含有し、さらに、 AlおよびTiのうちの1種または2種:0.1〜12
%、 を含有するNi基合金に、 0.5%〜15torrの範囲内の所定圧力の窒素雰囲
気または窒素と水素の混合ガス雰囲気中のグロー
放電下、500〜700℃の範囲内の所定温度でイオン
窒化処理を施すことにより上記Ni基合金の表面
に硬化層を形成する方法に特徴を有するものであ
る。 つぎに、この発明の方法において、条件を上記
の通りに限定した理由を説明する。 (a) Ni基合金中のCr、Al、およびTiの含有量 Cr成分は、イオン窒化処理に際して、合金
表面から侵入した窒素と結合して硬質の窒化ク
ロムを形成し、もつて合金表面に高硬度を有す
る硬化層を形成するのに不可欠の成分である
が、その含有量が10%未満では窒化クロムの形
成が少なすぎて所望の高硬度を有する硬化層を
形成することができず、一方40%を越えて含有
させると、合金自体のもつ特性が損なわれるよ
うになることから、Cr含有量を10〜40%と定
めた。また、合金中に合金成分として含有する
AlおよびTiには、イオン窒化による表面硬化
層の形成を一段と促進する作用があるが、その
含有量が0.5%未満では所望の促進効果が得ら
れず、一方12%を越えて含有させると、合金の
靭性が低下するようになることから、その含有
量を0.5〜12%と定めた。 (b) 雰囲気 イオン窒化は、グロー放電下、窒素雰囲気お
よび窒素と水素の混合ガス雰囲気のいずれでも
行なうことができるが、窒素と水素の混合ガス
雰囲気の方が、水素によつて合金表面の活性化
がはかられ、イオン窒化が促進されるようにな
るので望ましい。しかし、この場合、H2/N2
の容量比が4を越えると、イオン化窒素の量が
相対的に少なくなつて窒化速度が遅くなり、長
い処理時間が必要となるので、H2/N2の容量
比は4以下、望ましくは1/10〜4としなければ
ならない。 (c) 雰囲気圧力 雰囲気圧力が0.5torr未満でも、また15torrを
越えてもグロー放電が不安定で窒素および水素
のイオン(N+、H+)の生成が不十分となり、
所望のイオン窒化を行なうことができないの
で、雰囲気圧力を0.5〜15torrの減圧下と定め
た。 (d) 処理温度 その温度が500℃未満では合金表面への窒素
イオンの侵入が十分に行なわれず、一方700℃
を越えた処理温度にすると、形成した窒化クロ
ムが粗大化するようになるばかりでなく、炭化
クロムやその他の硬質粒子が分散析出するよう
になつて合金自体の靭性が著しく低下するよう
になることから、その温度を500〜700℃と定め
た。 つぎに、この発明の表面硬化法を実施例により
具体的に説明する。 実施例 通常の真空溶解炉を用いて、それぞれ第1表に
示される成分組成をもつた、Ni基合金を溶製し
た後、直径:80mmφ×高さ:150mmの寸法をもつ
たインゴツトに鋳造し、このインゴツトに通常の
条件で、熱間鍛造、熱間圧延、および冷間圧延を
施して板厚:2mmの板材とし、この板材より平
面:10□の試験片を切出し、この試験片を陰極と
し、これに、同じく第1表に示される条件で3時
間のグロー放電を利用したイオン窒化処理を施す
ことによつて本発明法1〜10および比較法1〜4
をそれぞれ実施した。 なお、比較法1〜4は、Ni基合金がAlおよび
Tiを含有せず、かつCr含有量がこの発明の範囲
から低い方に外れた場合、およびイオン窒化処理
条件のうちのいずれかの条件(第1表に※印を付
す)がこの発明の範囲から外れた場合を示すもの
である。 第1表には、イオン窒化処理後の表面硬さをビ
ツカース硬さで示したが、本発明法1〜10におい
ては、いずれも高硬度を有する表面硬化層が形成
され、所望の表面硬化が行なわれているのに
The present invention relates to a method for forming a hardened layer on the surface of a Ni-based alloy by ion nitriding. In general, high strength, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance are required to manufacture propellers for special vessels such as motor boats and landing craft, corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant valves, and molds, cylinders, and screw parts for injection molding machines. Therefore, various Ni-based alloys with these characteristics are used. However, although these Ni-based alloys have high strength and excellent corrosion resistance and heat resistance as mentioned above, they have relatively low hardness and insufficient wear resistance, resulting in a relatively short service life. Not shown. From this point of view, by hardening the surface of the Ni-based alloy,
Attempts have been made to ensure wear resistance, but
At present, there has been no successful example of forming a hardened layer on the surface of a Ni-based alloy. Therefore, from the above-mentioned point of view, the present inventors conducted research to improve the surface hardening of Ni-based alloys, and found that Ni-based alloys were Cr. : 10 to 40%, furthermore, one or two of Al and Ti: 0.1 to 12
%, and then add a nitrogen atmosphere or a mixed gas atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen (preferably in volume ratio, H 2 /N 2 When ion nitriding treatment is performed at a specified temperature within the range of 500 to 700℃ under a glow discharge in (4 or less), ionized nitrogen enters from the alloy surface and combines with the alloy component Cr. Chromium nitride is formed, and this reaction is further promoted by Al and Ti, which are also contained in the alloy as alloy components.Since this chromium nitride is extremely hard, the surface of the Ni-based alloy is hardened. The research results showed that. This invention was made based on the above research results, and contains Cr: 10 to 40%, and further contains one or two of Al and Ti: 0.1 to 12%.
%, is subjected to ion nitriding at a predetermined temperature in the range of 500 to 700 °C under glow discharge in a nitrogen atmosphere or a mixed gas atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen at a predetermined pressure in the range of 0.5% to 15 torr. This method is characterized in that a hardened layer is formed on the surface of the Ni-based alloy through treatment. Next, the reason for limiting the conditions as described above in the method of the present invention will be explained. (a) Contents of Cr, Al, and Ti in Ni-based alloys During ion nitriding, Cr components combine with nitrogen that has entered from the alloy surface to form hard chromium nitride, resulting in a high It is an essential component to form a hardened layer with hardness, but if its content is less than 10%, too little chromium nitride is formed and a hardened layer with the desired high hardness cannot be formed. If the Cr content exceeds 40%, the properties of the alloy itself will be impaired, so the Cr content was set at 10 to 40%. Also, it is contained as an alloy component in the alloy.
Al and Ti have the effect of further promoting the formation of a hardened surface layer by ion nitriding, but if the content is less than 0.5%, the desired promoting effect cannot be obtained, while if the content exceeds 12%, Since the toughness of the alloy decreases, its content was set at 0.5 to 12%. (b) Atmosphere Ion nitriding can be carried out under glow discharge, in a nitrogen atmosphere, or in a mixed gas atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen, but it is better to use a mixed gas atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen because hydrogen activates the alloy surface. This is desirable because it promotes oxidation and ion nitridation. However, in this case, H 2 /N 2
If the H 2 /N 2 capacity ratio exceeds 4, the amount of ionized nitrogen will be relatively small and the nitriding rate will be slow, requiring a long treatment time. Therefore, the H 2 /N 2 capacity ratio should be 4 or less, preferably 1. Must be between /10 and 4. (c) Atmospheric pressure Even if the atmospheric pressure is less than 0.5 torr or more than 15 torr, glow discharge is unstable and nitrogen and hydrogen ions (N + , H + ) are insufficiently generated.
Since the desired ion nitridation could not be performed, the atmospheric pressure was set at a reduced pressure of 0.5 to 15 torr. (d) Treatment temperature If the temperature is less than 500℃, nitrogen ions will not penetrate sufficiently into the alloy surface, while at 700℃
If the processing temperature exceeds 100%, not only will the formed chromium nitride become coarse, but also chromium carbide and other hard particles will be dispersed and precipitated, resulting in a significant decrease in the toughness of the alloy itself. Therefore, the temperature was set at 500-700℃. Next, the surface hardening method of the present invention will be specifically explained using examples. Example After melting Ni-based alloys having the compositions shown in Table 1 using a normal vacuum melting furnace, they were cast into ingots with dimensions of diameter: 80 mmφ x height: 150 mm. This ingot was subjected to hot forging, hot rolling, and cold rolling under normal conditions to obtain a plate with a thickness of 2 mm. A 10 square test piece was cut from this plate, and this test piece was used as a cathode. This was subjected to ion nitriding treatment using glow discharge for 3 hours under the conditions shown in Table 1 to obtain methods 1 to 10 of the present invention and comparative methods 1 to 4.
were carried out respectively. In addition, in Comparative Methods 1 to 4, the Ni-based alloy is Al and
If Ti is not contained and the Cr content is lower than the range of this invention, and any of the ion nitriding conditions (marked with * in Table 1) are within the scope of this invention. This shows the case where the value deviates from the range. In Table 1, the surface hardness after the ion nitriding treatment is shown in terms of Vickers hardness, but in all methods 1 to 10 of the present invention, a hardened surface layer with high hardness is formed, and the desired surface hardness is achieved. even though it is being done

【表】 対して、比較法1〜4に見られるように、Ni基
合金の組成が、この発明の範囲から外れたり、イ
オン窒化処理条件のうちのいずれかの条件がこの
発明の範囲から外れたりすると、十分な表面硬化
処理を行なうことができないことが明らかであ
る。 上述のように、この発明の表面硬化法によれ
ば、従来表面硬化が不可能であつたNi基合金の
表面に、実用に際してすぐれた耐摩耗性を示す高
硬度の表面硬化層を形成することができるのであ
る。
[Table] On the other hand, as seen in Comparative Methods 1 to 4, the composition of the Ni-based alloy is outside the scope of the present invention, or any of the ion nitriding conditions are outside the scope of the present invention. It is clear that sufficient surface hardening treatment cannot be carried out if As mentioned above, according to the surface hardening method of the present invention, a hardened surface layer with high hardness that exhibits excellent wear resistance in practical use can be formed on the surface of a Ni-based alloy, which has conventionally been impossible to surface harden. This is possible.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 Cr:10〜40重量%、 を含有し、さらに、 AlおよびTiのうちの1種または2種:0.1〜12
重量%、 を含有するNi基合金に、 0.5〜15torrの範囲内の所定圧力の窒素雰囲気
または窒素と水素の混合ガス雰囲気中のグロー放
電下、500〜700℃の範囲内の所定温度でイオン窒
化処理を施すことを特徴とするNi基合金のイオ
ン窒化による表面硬化法。
[Claims] 1 Cr: 10 to 40% by weight; further, one or two of Al and Ti: 0.1 to 12% by weight;
% by weight, is subjected to ion nitriding at a predetermined temperature in the range of 500 to 700 °C under glow discharge in a nitrogen atmosphere or a mixed gas atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen at a predetermined pressure in the range of 0.5 to 15 torr. A surface hardening method using ion nitriding for Ni-based alloys.
JP19175183A 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Surface hardening method of fe-base, ni-base and co-base alloys by ion nitrification Granted JPS6086263A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19175183A JPS6086263A (en) 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Surface hardening method of fe-base, ni-base and co-base alloys by ion nitrification

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19175183A JPS6086263A (en) 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Surface hardening method of fe-base, ni-base and co-base alloys by ion nitrification

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6086263A JPS6086263A (en) 1985-05-15
JPH0369986B2 true JPH0369986B2 (en) 1991-11-06

Family

ID=16279893

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP19175183A Granted JPS6086263A (en) 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Surface hardening method of fe-base, ni-base and co-base alloys by ion nitrification

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6086263A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6274066A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-04 Hitachi Cable Ltd Method for improving corrosion resistance of extruder parts
FR2630133B1 (en) * 1988-04-18 1993-09-24 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF METAL MATERIALS
GB8823668D0 (en) * 1988-10-08 1988-11-16 Tecvac Ltd Surface treatment of metals & alloys
JP2013155393A (en) * 2012-01-27 2013-08-15 Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc Coated member and method for producing same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS531141A (en) * 1976-06-25 1978-01-07 Hitachi Ltd Metal treating process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6086263A (en) 1985-05-15

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