JPH0372001B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0372001B2 JPH0372001B2 JP60266767A JP26676785A JPH0372001B2 JP H0372001 B2 JPH0372001 B2 JP H0372001B2 JP 60266767 A JP60266767 A JP 60266767A JP 26676785 A JP26676785 A JP 26676785A JP H0372001 B2 JPH0372001 B2 JP H0372001B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- heat transfer
- pipe
- transfer medium
- tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031070 response to heat Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、水素の貯蔵または蓄熱を可能とし
て、例えば水素運搬用タンク、水素自動車用燃料
源あるいは可搬形蓄熱器等として使用される金属
水素化物（以下、MHと略記する。）タンクに関
するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention is directed to hydrogen storage and storage of metal hydrogen, which can be used as hydrogen transportation tanks, hydrogen automobile fuel sources, portable heat storage devices, etc. This relates to chemical compound (hereinafter abbreviated as MH) tanks.
［従来の技術］
粉状のMHを容器に入れたMHタンクは、MH
に熱を与えるとそれまで蓄えていた水素を放出
し、逆に、MHから熱を取り去ると水素を貯蔵す
るという性質を有し、この性質の利用して水素の
貯蔵または蓄熱に用いられている。[Conventional technology] An MH tank containing powdered MH is a container containing powdered MH.
When heat is applied to MH, the previously stored hydrogen is released, and conversely, when heat is removed from MH, hydrogen is stored.This property is used to store hydrogen or heat. .
しかしながら、従来のタンクにおいては、MH
粉体層の伝熱特性が悪く、水素の吸蔵、放出、ま
たは蓄熱、放熱を迅速に行い得ないため、種々の
手段が採られている。例えば、タンク内に冷却用
パイプ及び加熱用パイプを張りめぐらし、あるい
はフインをつけるなどして、伝熱面積を増大させ
る方法が試みられている。また、粉体層中の伝熱
特性を改善するため、伝熱促進材として銅やアル
ミニウム等の金属粉を混入したり、それらの金属
製の金網を装入することも行われている。さら
に、MHを銅製カプセルに入れるという方法も採
られている。 However, in conventional tanks, MH
Since the heat transfer properties of the powder layer are poor and it is not possible to absorb or release hydrogen, or to store or release heat quickly, various measures have been taken. For example, attempts have been made to increase the heat transfer area by arranging cooling pipes and heating pipes in the tank, or by adding fins. Furthermore, in order to improve the heat transfer characteristics in the powder layer, metal powder such as copper or aluminum is mixed as a heat transfer promoter, or a wire mesh made of these metals is added. Another method is to put MH into a copper capsule.
しかしながら、このような手段を採ると、MH
タンクは重量、体積ともに大きくなり、輸送に不
利になるばかりでなく、水素自動車への応用等に
も不利になる。 However, if such measures are adopted, MH
The tank becomes large in both weight and volume, which is not only disadvantageous for transportation but also disadvantageous for application to hydrogen vehicles.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
本発明の技術的課題は、MHタンクを、大重量
化及び大形化を避けつつ、伝熱特性が良く、水素
の吸蔵、放出を迅速に行い得るものとして提供す
ることにある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The technical problem of the present invention is to create an MH tank that has good heat transfer characteristics and can absorb and release hydrogen quickly while avoiding increase in weight and size. It is about providing.
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記課題を解決するため、本発明のMHタンク
は、圧力容器に水素出入口を設け、該水素出入口
に水素のみを選択的に透過する分離膜からなる分
離管を連通させ、該分離管と圧力容器外壁との間
にMH粉末および気−液相変化を示す熱移送媒体
を充填し、該熱移送媒体が充填された部分に冷
却・加熱用媒体を通すための管を貫設したことを
特徴とするものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the MH tank of the present invention includes a pressure vessel provided with a hydrogen inlet/outlet, and a separation tube made of a separation membrane that selectively permeates only hydrogen in the hydrogen inlet/outlet. MH powder and a heat transfer medium exhibiting a gas-liquid phase change are filled between the separation tube and the outer wall of the pressure vessel, and a cooling/heating medium is passed through the portion filled with the heat transfer medium. It is characterized by having a pipe installed through it.
［作用］
冷却用媒体の管に冷水を流通させると、管のま
わりで熱移送媒体ガスの凝縮が生じ、他の部分で
逆に熱移送媒体が蒸発する。また、加熱用媒体の
管に温水を流通させると、管のまわりで熱移送媒
体ガスの蒸発が生じ、他の部分で逆に熱移送媒体
が凝縮する。[Operation] When cold water is passed through the cooling medium pipe, the heat transfer medium gas condenses around the pipe, and conversely the heat transfer medium evaporates in other parts. Furthermore, when hot water is passed through the heating medium tube, the heat transfer medium gas evaporates around the tube, and the heat transfer medium conversely condenses in other parts.
このような熱移送媒体ガスの相変化により、ヒ
ートパイプと同様に、熱移動が高速で行われ、
MH粉体が急激に冷却あるいは加熱され、水素の
吸蔵、放出が迅速に行われる。水素出入口を通じ
て行われる水素の吸蔵、放出は、水素と熱移送媒
体ガスの分離膜を介して行われ、よつて熱移送媒
体ガスが外部に漏出することはない。 Due to this phase change of the heat transfer medium gas, heat transfer occurs at high speed, similar to a heat pipe.
The MH powder is rapidly cooled or heated, and hydrogen is rapidly absorbed and released. The storage and release of hydrogen through the hydrogen inlet and outlet is performed through a membrane separating hydrogen and heat transfer medium gas, so that heat transfer medium gas does not leak to the outside.
［発明の効果］
本発明によれば、タンク内のMH粉体に対する
熱伝達性を向上することができ、これにより各種
伝熱促進体をタンクに装備する必要がなくなつ
て、タンクの軽量化、小形化を図ることができ、
また熱入力に対する水素放出等が迅速となつてタ
ンクの応答性が改善され、さらにタンクの制御性
が改善されるため、タンクの外壁を耐圧性の低い
薄いものとして、より一層の軽量化を図ることが
できる。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the heat transfer performance to the MH powder in the tank, thereby eliminating the need to equip the tank with various heat transfer promoters, and reducing the weight of the tank. , can be made smaller,
In addition, the tank's response to heat input becomes faster, improving the tank's response, and further improving tank controllability.The tank's outer wall is made thinner and has less pressure resistance, making it even lighter. be able to.
［実施例］
第１図及び第２図において、１は圧力容器であ
り、冷却・加熱用媒体としての冷水・温水を流通
させる冷水管２及び温水管３を、シール状態に貫
設し、冷水管２の両端を冷水入口４及び冷水出口
５とすると共に、温水管３の両端を温水入口６及
び温水出口７としている。これらの冷水管２及び
温水管３は、それによつて直接的にMHの冷却、
加熱を行うものではないため、その多数をタンク
内に張りめぐらす必要はない。[Example] In Figs. 1 and 2, 1 is a pressure vessel, through which a cold water pipe 2 and a hot water pipe 3 through which cold water and hot water as a cooling/heating medium flow are installed in a sealed state. Both ends of the pipe 2 are used as a cold water inlet 4 and a cold water outlet 5, and both ends of the hot water pipe 3 are used as a hot water inlet 6 and a hot water outlet 7. These cold water pipes 2 and hot water pipes 3 directly cool the MH,
Since they do not perform heating, there is no need to line up many of them inside the tank.
上記圧力容器１は、水素出入口１１を有する管
１２を備え、その管１２を圧力容器１内において
水素−フロン分離膜からなる分離管１３内に連通
させると共に、その分離管１３の外周を防塵用の
セラミツクス製フイルター管１４で囲繞し、さら
にそのフイルタ管１４と圧力容器１との間にMH
粉体１６を熱移送媒体ガスであるフロンガスと共
に充填封入している。 The pressure vessel 1 is equipped with a pipe 12 having a hydrogen inlet/outlet 11, and the pipe 12 is communicated with a separation pipe 13 made of a hydrogen-fluorocarbon separation membrane within the pressure vessel 1, and the outer periphery of the separation pipe 13 is used for dust prevention. The pressure vessel 1 is surrounded by a filter tube 14 made of ceramics, and an MH is connected between the filter tube 14 and the pressure vessel 1.
The powder 16 is filled and sealed together with fluorocarbon gas, which is a heat transfer medium gas.
上記分離管１３を構成する分離膜は、水素のみ
を選択的に透過するものである。また、該分離管
１３と圧力容器１外壁との間に充填した熱移送媒
体ガスは、気−液相変化を利用して熱移送を行う
ものであり、該熱移送媒体が充填された部分に冷
却・加熱用媒体を通すための前記管２，３を貫設
している。 The separation membrane constituting the separation tube 13 selectively permeates only hydrogen. Further, the heat transfer medium gas filled between the separation pipe 13 and the outer wall of the pressure vessel 1 transfers heat by utilizing a gas-liquid phase change, and the heat transfer medium gas is filled in the portion filled with the heat transfer medium. The pipes 2 and 3 for passing a cooling/heating medium are provided therethrough.
上記構成のタンクに水素を吸蔵させるには、水
素出入口１１に水素を供給しながら冷水管２に冷
水を流通させればよく、これにより冷水管２のま
わりでフロンが凝縮し、他の部分でフロンが蒸発
するので、ヒートパイプの原理によりMH粉体１
６が急激に冷却され、水素出入口１１、管１２、
水素−フロン分離管１３及びセラミツク製フイル
ター管１４を通じて供給される水素を吸蔵する。 In order to store hydrogen in the tank configured as described above, it is sufficient to flow cold water through the cold water pipe 2 while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen inlet/outlet 11. As a result, fluorocarbons condense around the cold water pipe 2, and fluorocarbons are absorbed in other parts. As Freon evaporates, MH powder 1
6 is rapidly cooled, hydrogen inlet/outlet 11, pipe 12,
It stores hydrogen supplied through the hydrogen-fluorocarbon separation pipe 13 and the ceramic filter pipe 14.
また、水素を放出させるには、温水管３に温水
を流通させればよく、これにより温水管３のまわ
りでフロンが沸騰し、他の部分で凝縮するため、
同様にヒートパイプの原理でMH粉体１６が急激
に加熱され、水素を放出する。その水素は、吸蔵
時とは逆の流路を通つて水素出入口１１から外部
に排出される。 In addition, in order to release hydrogen, it is sufficient to circulate hot water through the hot water pipe 3, and as a result, the freon boils around the hot water pipe 3 and condenses in other parts.
Similarly, the MH powder 16 is rapidly heated using the heat pipe principle and releases hydrogen. The hydrogen is discharged to the outside from the hydrogen inlet/outlet 11 through a flow path opposite to that during storage.
水素と熱移送媒体ガスのような複数のガスの分
離を行う分離膜は、既に各種のものが提案され、
あるいは実用化されている（例えば、白田利勝、
能率協会主催、水素エネルギー技術会議前刷集
（1986）２−33「水素の分離と精製−膜分離−」、
並びに同文献中に示されている参考文献参照）。
特に、水素とフロンのように、分子量が２と100
程度に大きく相違するものは極めて容易に分離す
ることが可能である。 Various types of separation membranes that separate multiple gases such as hydrogen and heat transfer medium gas have already been proposed.
Or it has been put into practical use (for example, Toshikatsu Shirata,
Sponsored by the Management Association, Hydrogen Energy Technology Conference Preprint (1986) 2-33 “Hydrogen Separation and Purification - Membrane Separation”,
(see also the references listed in the same document).
In particular, like hydrogen and fluorocarbons, the molecular weight is 2 and 100.
Those that differ greatly in degree can be separated very easily.
なお、放熱、蓄熱を主目的とする場合にも、上
記とほぼ同様にして使用される。 Note that it is used in substantially the same manner as above when the main purpose is heat radiation or heat storage.
以上に詳述したように、上記MHタンクは、フ
ロンの相変化を利用して伝熱を行うものであるた
め、ヒートパイプと同様に、MHタンク内で高い
伝熱率が得られ、MHタンクの小型化、軽量化を
図ることができる。 As detailed above, the MH tank transfers heat by utilizing the phase change of fluorocarbons, so similar to a heat pipe, a high heat transfer rate can be obtained within the MH tank. can be made smaller and lighter.
第１図は本発明の実施例の正面図、第２図はそ
のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
１……容器、２……冷水管、３……温水管、１
１……水素出入口、１３……分離管、１６……金
属水素化物粉体。
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A--A. 1... Container, 2... Cold water pipe, 3... Hot water pipe, 1
1...Hydrogen inlet/outlet, 13...Separation tube, 16...Metal hydride powder.
Claims (1)
に水素のみを選択的に透過する分離膜からなる分
離管を連通させ、該分離管と圧力容器外壁との間
に金属水素化物粉末および気−液相変化を示す熱
移送媒体を充填し、該熱移送媒体が充填された部
分に冷却・加熱用媒体を通すための管を貫設して
ある金属水素化物タンク。1 A hydrogen inlet/outlet is provided in the pressure vessel, a separation tube made of a separation membrane that selectively permeates only hydrogen is communicated with the hydrogen inlet/outlet, and metal hydride powder and gas-liquid are placed between the separation tube and the outer wall of the pressure vessel. A metal hydride tank filled with a heat transfer medium exhibiting a phase change, and having a tube extending through the portion filled with the heat transfer medium for passing a cooling/heating medium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60266767A JPS62127598A (en) | 1985-11-27 | 1985-11-27 | Metal hydride tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60266767A JPS62127598A (en) | 1985-11-27 | 1985-11-27 | Metal hydride tank |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62127598A JPS62127598A (en) | 1987-06-09 |
| JPH0372001B2 true JPH0372001B2 (en) | 1991-11-15 |
Family
ID=17435417
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60266767A Granted JPS62127598A (en) | 1985-11-27 | 1985-11-27 | Metal hydride tank |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62127598A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-11-27 JP JP60266767A patent/JPS62127598A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62127598A (en) | 1987-06-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |