JPH04120142A - Biodegradable composite material and production thereof - Google Patents
Biodegradable composite material and production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04120142A JPH04120142A JP24168690A JP24168690A JPH04120142A JP H04120142 A JPH04120142 A JP H04120142A JP 24168690 A JP24168690 A JP 24168690A JP 24168690 A JP24168690 A JP 24168690A JP H04120142 A JPH04120142 A JP H04120142A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chitosan
- cmc
- composite material
- aqueous solution
- biodegradable composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006196 deacetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は生物分解性複合素材及びその製造方法に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a biodegradable composite material and a method for producing the same.
本発明の生物分解性複合素材は、耐久性を必要としない
買い物袋、ゴミ袋、食品包装用シートあるいは使い捨て
プラスチック製品など、使用俊速やかに分解される必要
のある成形体及び徐放機能をもたせるような成形体の用
途に利用される。The biodegradable composite material of the present invention can be used in shopping bags, garbage bags, food packaging sheets, disposable plastic products, etc. that do not require durability, and molded products that need to be decomposed quickly after use, and that have a sustained release function. It is used for molded products such as:
この種の成形体としては、耐候性、耐薬品性、耐腐食性
などに優れた合成樹脂が主として用いられているが、こ
れらは微生物によって分解されることがないので、水中
や土壌中で半永久的に残存し自然界に還元し難いもので
あった。Synthetic resins with excellent weather resistance, chemical resistance, and corrosion resistance are mainly used for this type of molded product, but since these resins are not decomposed by microorganisms, they remain semi-permanent in water or soil. It remained in the natural world and was difficult to return to the natural world.
またこれらを燃焼処理する場合においては、有害ガスが
発生するなどの問題があった。Furthermore, when these are burned, there are problems such as generation of harmful gases.
最近は、使用時の利便さを数多く持ち且つ半永久的な合
成樹脂に対して、使用時の利便さは勿論、使用後の自然
への影響、環境への配慮等を念頭に置いた生物分解複合
材を求める社会的なニーズが急速に高まり、これらの需
要も伸びている。Recently, in contrast to semi-permanent synthetic resins, which have many conveniences in use, biodegradable composites have been developed that are not only convenient in use, but also take into consideration the impact on nature and consideration for the environment after use. Demand for these materials is also increasing as social needs for these materials are rapidly increasing.
従来、天然由来の成形体と言うと紙バルブがあるが、こ
れは成形法が限定され精密な成形が困難なことと、水中
での耐久性に乏しいことに問題があった。Traditionally, naturally-derived molded products include paper valves, but these have problems in that molding methods are limited, making precise molding difficult, and they lack durability in water.
キトサンについては、キトサン塩からの成形や製膜化を
乾燥だけでは行えず、アルカリ固定する煩雑な操作が必
要であった。Regarding chitosan, molding and film formation from chitosan salt could not be performed by drying alone, and a complicated operation of fixing with alkali was required.
また澱粉を用いる成形体については、水中での溶解を防
ぐためにホルムアルデヒド等の架ＨＰＪを用いる例があ
るが、これは人体にとって完全に無害であるとは言えな
い。Regarding molded articles using starch, there are examples in which a suspended HPJ such as formaldehyde is used to prevent dissolution in water, but this cannot be said to be completely harmless to the human body.
本発明は、湿潤状態では数十日に及ぶ緩慢な溶解性をも
ち、使用後は無公害に分解する素材を提供することにあ
る。The object of the present invention is to provide a material that has a slow solubility over several tens of days in a wet state and decomposes without pollution after use.
本発明者等はこのような事情に鑑み種々の試験研究を重
ねた結果、カルボキシメチルセルロース（以下、ＣＭＣ
という）とキトサンを加熱化合化させることによって、
新規な生物分解複合素材を見い出し゛、本発明を完遂す
るに至った。In view of these circumstances, the present inventors have conducted various tests and research, and as a result, they have discovered that carboxymethylcellulose (hereinafter referred to as CMC)
By heating and combining chitosan with
We have discovered a new biodegradable composite material and completed the present invention.
本発明において使用する主原料のＣＭＣは、繊維素、カ
セイソーダ、モノクロル酢酸及び水より容易に製造され
るが、特に置換度０．５〜１．７の品質が望ましい。CMC, the main raw material used in the present invention, is easily produced from cellulose, caustic soda, monochloroacetic acid, and water, and is particularly preferably of a quality with a degree of substitution of 0.5 to 1.7.
副原料であるキチン質は、甲殻類の殻や菌糸体等に含ま
れる含窒素高分子物質であり、これらのうち、脱アセチ
ル化度の高いキトサンと称されるものが、本発明の実施
に適している。Chitin, which is an auxiliary raw material, is a nitrogen-containing polymer substance contained in crustacean shells, mycelia, etc. Among these, chitosan, which has a high degree of deacetylation, is used in the practice of the present invention. Are suitable.
両原料はいずれも微生物分解性を有しており、またこれ
らの素材はいずれも人体に対しての安全性に問題はない
ので、分解後も土壌汚染の心配は全くない。Both raw materials are biodegradable by microorganisms, and there are no safety problems for the human body, so there is no concern about soil contamination even after decomposition.
この三者の複合を基本とする素材は、膜形成能を持つ固
体であり微生物分解性を備えている。A material based on a combination of these three materials is a solid with film-forming ability and is biodegradable by microorganisms.
本発明の成形体は、水中に数時間浸漬すると吸水膨潤す
るが、比較的溶解し難いものであるため、数日間はその
形態を保持することができる。しかし、この成形体を水
中で数十日間放置した場合には完全に溶解し、またこれ
を燃焼すると有害ガスの発生を伴うことなく廃棄処理す
ることができる。The molded product of the present invention absorbs water and swells when immersed in water for several hours, but since it is relatively difficult to dissolve, it can maintain its shape for several days. However, if this molded body is left in water for several tens of days, it will completely dissolve, and if it is burned, it can be disposed of without generating harmful gases.
なお本発明の複合素材は、複合化の際の加熱温度あるい
はキトサンの添加量を加減することによって微生物分解
性、溶解性及び強度を調整することができる。Note that the microbial degradability, solubility, and strength of the composite material of the present invention can be adjusted by adjusting the heating temperature or the amount of chitosan added during composite formation.
本発明の実施態様を具体的に説明すると、キトサンはＣ
ＭＣに対して５〜５０％になる割合で、キトサン塩水溶
液にしてＣＭＣと混合する。To specifically explain the embodiment of the present invention, chitosan is C
Chitosan salt is made into an aqueous solution and mixed with CMC at a ratio of 5 to 50% based on MC.
この際に前記混合物にグリセリンなどの可塑剤あるいは
充填材を添加することを妨げるものでもな（、この混合
物を５０〜２００°Ｃの範囲で加熱乾燥することによっ
て複合化が完成し、成形体が製造される。At this time, there is nothing to prevent adding a plasticizer such as glycerin or a filler to the mixture (by heating and drying this mixture in the range of 50 to 200°C, the composite is completed and the molded body is formed. Manufactured.
次に実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.
なおこれらの試験において湿潤性の測定は、２５°Ｃの
水溶液中に短冊状のフィルムを吊るしてフィルムが崩壊
する時間を測定したものであり、微生物分解性は汚染汚
泥馴養装置（種汚泥は好気性の微生物）内に短冊状のフ
ィルムを吊るしてフィルムが崩壊する迄の日数と土壌中
にフィルムを埋めてその経時変化を調べたものである。In these tests, wettability was measured by suspending a strip of film in an aqueous solution at 25°C and measuring the time it takes for the film to disintegrate. This study investigated the number of days it took for the film to disintegrate by suspending a strip of film inside an airborne microorganism, and the change over time by burying the film in soil.
〔実施例１〕
ＣＭＣに対して、キトサンが５％、２０％、５０％及び
１００％の割合となるように、キトサン（商品名：キト
サンＩＯＢ、加ト吉■製）の酢酸水溶液と混合し、さら
に可塑剤としてグリセリンをＣＭＣに対して５０％を混
合した。これを琺瑯引きシャーレ上に流延し、７０°Ｃ
の温度で一晩送風して製膜を行った。[Example 1] Chitosan (trade name: Chitosan IOB, manufactured by Katokichi ■) was mixed with an acetic acid aqueous solution so that the ratio of chitosan to CMC was 5%, 20%, 50%, and 100%, and then Glycerin was mixed as a plasticizer in an amount of 50% based on CMC. This was poured onto an enameled petri dish and heated to 70°C.
Film formation was performed by blowing air overnight at a temperature of .
このようにして得たフィルムについて、湿潤性及び微生
物分解性を調べた結果は表１に示したとおりであった。The wettability and microbial degradability of the film thus obtained were examined and the results are shown in Table 1.
これらの試験結果は、キトサンの添加量が５％では容易
に溶解するが、１０〜１００％の範囲では溶解するのに
５００時間程度かかることがわかった。These test results showed that chitosan was easily dissolved when the amount added was 5%, but it took about 500 hours to dissolve when the amount of chitosan added was in the range of 10 to 100%.
表１
〔実施例２〕
置換度の異なるＣＭＣに対して、キトサンが２０％の割
合になるように、キトサンの酢酸水溶液と混合し、更に
可塑剤としてグリセリンをＣＭＣに対して５０％混合し
、以下実施例１と同様な方法で製膜化し、得られたフィ
ルムの湿潤性及び微生物分解性を調べた。Table 1 [Example 2] Chitosan was mixed with an acetic acid aqueous solution at a ratio of 20% to CMC with different degrees of substitution, and glycerin was further mixed as a plasticizer at 50% to CMC, A film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1, and the wettability and microbial degradability of the obtained film were examined.
その試験結果は、表２に示したとおりであった。The test results were as shown in Table 2.
表２
〔発明の効果〕
本発明の生物分解性複合素材は、海洋、河川中あるいは
土壌中における溶解性及び微生物分解性を適切に制御で
き、且つ分解された場合に有害物質を生じない。従って
、これらは徐放性を必要とする成形体の種々の用途に利
用でき、使用後の廃棄処理が不要になる。Table 2 [Effects of the Invention] The biodegradable composite material of the present invention can appropriately control solubility and microbial degradability in the ocean, rivers, or soil, and does not produce harmful substances when decomposed. Therefore, these can be used in various applications of molded products that require sustained release properties, and there is no need to dispose of them after use.
Claims (2)
合化したことを特徴とする生物分解性複合素材。(1) A biodegradable composite material characterized by heating and compositing carboxymethylcellulose and chitosan.
を混合し、加熱乾燥して成形することを特徴とする生物
分解性複合素材の製造方法。(2) A method for producing a biodegradable composite material, which comprises mixing carboxymethylcellulose and an aqueous chitosan salt solution, heating and drying the mixture, and molding the mixture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24168690A JPH04120142A (en) | 1990-09-11 | 1990-09-11 | Biodegradable composite material and production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24168690A JPH04120142A (en) | 1990-09-11 | 1990-09-11 | Biodegradable composite material and production thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04120142A true JPH04120142A (en) | 1992-04-21 |
Family
ID=17078011
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24168690A Pending JPH04120142A (en) | 1990-09-11 | 1990-09-11 | Biodegradable composite material and production thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04120142A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996019935A1 (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1996-07-04 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh | Filter and filter bag for vacuum cleaners |
| US5550189A (en) * | 1992-04-17 | 1996-08-27 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Modified polysaccharides having improved absorbent properties and process for the preparation thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61159430A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1986-07-19 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Production of chitin or chitosan composition of good redispersing suspensibility |
| JPH026689A (en) * | 1988-01-06 | 1990-01-10 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Novel composite sheet and production thereof |
-
1990
- 1990-09-11 JP JP24168690A patent/JPH04120142A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61159430A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1986-07-19 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Production of chitin or chitosan composition of good redispersing suspensibility |
| JPH026689A (en) * | 1988-01-06 | 1990-01-10 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Novel composite sheet and production thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5550189A (en) * | 1992-04-17 | 1996-08-27 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Modified polysaccharides having improved absorbent properties and process for the preparation thereof |
| WO1996019935A1 (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1996-07-04 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh | Filter and filter bag for vacuum cleaners |
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