JPH0413453B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing spun yarn. More specifically, this method uses a rotor-type open-end spinning machine so that free short fibers are wound into the yarn during twisting, and the method is for producing a spun yarn that has inter-fiber binding and cohesive strength. It is related to. To obtain a spun yarn which, even when used as a warp yarn when weaving without glue, generates little fuzz due to friction with heddles or reeds and can be woven without cutting. The present invention relates to a manufacturing technique for rationalizing a weaving process and obtaining a novel spun yarn with less fuzz and binding strength. In the process of weaving spun yarn, sizing has traditionally been performed to prevent warp yarns from fuzzing due to friction with heddles or reeds, which can cause breakage. Sizing requires a sizing agent, a sizing device, a drying device, and manpower, and after weaving, a scouring process is required to remove the sizing, which requires a large amount of energy and labor costs. Ta. Conventionally, the method of using unsealed warp threads during weaving has only been used in relatively limited fields, such as double thread processing or relatively thick weaving fields and coarse density weaving fields. Nakatsuta. In view of these facts, the present invention utilizes a rotor-type open-end spinning machine to achieve the use of single yarn, which was previously considered impossible, by selecting and combining raw cotton standards, spinning conditions, and machine parts during spinning. This made it possible to weave warp threads with fine thread count and without glue. As a method for spinning warps for glueless weaving using an air spinning machine, the method described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-56527 is known. An example of yarn formation using a conventional rotor-type open-end device will be explained with reference to FIG. 1. A sliver 3 supplied by a supply roller 1 and presser 2 is opened by a fiber opening device 4 and supplied to a rotor 5 rotating at high speed. do. The fibers 6 are compressed and accumulated on the inner wall surface 7 of the maximum diameter portion of the rotor to form a fiber bundle 8 as the rotor rotates. If a seed yarn is inserted into a part of this fiber bundle 8 and the yarn is pulled out, as soon as the fiber bundle 8 separates from the inner wall surface 7, one twist is applied to the fiber bundle 8 for each rotation of the rotor 5, and the connected yarn 9 is formed. In this type of rotor-type open-end device, a guide tube 10, which is located on the central axis of rotation of the rotor 8, has a guide at the entrance thereof, as shown in FIG. That is, a navel 11 having a smooth guide surface, a trumpet-shaped opening, and grooves in the radial direction is attached. In addition, a semi-disc-shaped separator 12 is attached to one end of the guide tube 10 together with the navel 11 in order to prevent the fibers 6 supplied into the spinning rotor 5 from coming into contact with the fiber bundle 8 which is being twisted into yarn 9. has been done. The first contact position guide navel 11 when stripping the fiber bundle 8 accumulated on the rotor inner wall surface 7 and twisting the fiber bundle 8 at the same time is conventionally made by providing grooves in the radial direction or by providing minute irregularities. , efforts have been made to strengthen the twist at the twisting point A in Figure 3 to eliminate yarn breakage during spinning. The present inventors discovered that the movement of the single fibers at the twisting point A shown in Figure 3 is possible (the restraining force of the short fibers during twisting is due to the centrifugal force due to rotor rotation and the interaction between the rotor convergence surface and the fibers). We conducted extensive research on how to wind the ends of single fibers into yarn by utilizing the frictional force and the frictional force between short fibers. As a result of considering the characteristics of the raw cotton, spinning conditions, and mechanical parts during spinning, we found a method for producing spun yarn with less fluff and cohesiveness, which was not seen in conventional spun yarns. I was able to do something. Further, the characteristics of the obtained spun yarn are as follows. Free short fiber ends and loops of single fibers are wound into the yarn, and the length of fluff is 1 mm or more and is less than 20 pieces per 1 meter of yarn length, and the length of 3 mm or more is 2.
less than 6/m. When the twisted fiber is cut and the number of twists measured by the untwisting method is a, the twist coefficient is α, and the number of twists measured by the untwisting-twisting method is b, α=135 or more, and b/
It is an open-end spun yarn that satisfies α≧44.1/α−45+0.26. The method for manufacturing the above-mentioned spun yarn includes the following: the single yarn denier of the raw cotton (bending torsion hardness), the fiber length of the raw cotton, the number of twists (twist coefficient α), the surface speed of the rotor fiber convergence diagram,
(Rotor diameter, rotation speed) It was found that each surface shape of the navel 11 has an optimal positive value. Furthermore, it was found that the twist variation at the twisting point A is related to the winding of the single fiber ends. The method will be explained below. (a) The finer the raw cotton denier, the easier it is to bend and twist, allowing the single fiber ends to be rolled into yarn. As a result of studying acrylic ester, cotton, and their blended yarns, it is essential that the average denier be 1.5d or less. If it is 2d or more, the torsional rigidity is strong and it is difficult to wind the ends of the single fibers into the yarn. (b) It has been found through various experiments that the longer the average fiber length of raw cotton, the lower the number of fluff, but the more yarn breakage occurs during spinning. In order to obtain the desired spun yarn with the method of the present invention with less yarn breakage during spinning (within 10 times/200sp.Hr), a diameter of 55 mm or less is essential.
Preferably it is 45 mm to 25 mm. The reason why fuzz decreases when the fiber length is increased is thought to be due to a decrease in the number of fiber ends in the yarn. (c) Twisting The larger the twisting coefficient α, the easier it is to twist the single fiber ends, and the stronger the binding force of the yarn becomes. α≧135 is an essential condition, and preferably α≧145. α<
In No. 130, the number of yarn breakages during spinning was significantly increased, and the yarn did not have the characteristics of the spun yarn targeted by the present invention. (d) The smaller the rotor diameter and the slower the rotor rotation speed,
Easy to wind the ends of single fibers. This is thought to be because the twisting variation is small and not stable. In addition, the spinning force is small, and the curled ends of the single fibers are less likely to cause curling of the guide.
As a result of examining the surface speed of the fiber convergence surface using rotor diameters of 50φ and 65φ, it was found that 4000m/min≦V
<9500m/min is essential, preferably
4000m/min≦V≦8000m/min.
In the case of 3500 m/min>V, the fiber convergence density became coarse and yarn breakage during spinning increased, making it impractical. When 1000 m/min<V, the number of fuzz increased and the yarn did not have the characteristics of the spun yarn of the present invention. (e) As a result of various studies on the surface shape of the guide navel 11, which the twisted fiber bundle stripped from the inner wall surface of the rotor of an open-end spinning machine first comes into contact with, it was found that the navel 11 has grooves in the radial direction, fine fibers, etc. It is thought that the uneven surface causes twisting fluctuations to occur at the twisting point A. For this reason, there is a large fluctuation when winding the free end of the single fiber into the yarn, which is thought to result in fluff in the yarn. Furthermore, on the navel 11, impact friction acts on the fiber bundles 8 and threads 9, which causes them to rub and cause fuzz. As a result of various studies on the surface roughness of Navel 11, the surface roughness is 1.5 μm or less, preferably,
By reducing the diameter to 0.8 μm or less, a spun yarn with a yarn structure with less fuzz and binding power, which was not seen in conventional spun yarns, was obtained. The surface roughness referred to here is the 10-point average surface roughness RZ, ISO/R468.
- This is a value measured based on 1966. The method for producing a spun yarn of the present invention can be applied to acrylic, ester, cotton, and blended yarns thereof according to the configurations (a) to (e) above. The obtained spun yarn can be woven without warp glue, and when used in knitting, woven fabrics, braids, etc., it has less fuzz and has a smooth feel.
Pilling is also improved compared to conventional products, and a product with a luxury image can be obtained. The difference between the yarn spun by the conventional method and the yarn spun by the method of the present invention will be explained using examples. Example 1 Using Toyota Industries' open-end spinning machine, specially machined rotor diameter 50φ, rotor rotation speed 50,000.
rpm. V=7850m/min, opening roller rotation speed 6
1,000 rpm, navel surface, 8 remaining grooves (conventional method)
No groove, surface roughness 0.3 μm (method of the present invention), twist coefficient α = 150, 1/52 Nm, weaving conditions, plain weave, warp density 70/inch weft density 58/inch Weft driving rotation speed 200 r.pm, warp Woven without glue. Compared to conventionally spun yarns, the method of the present invention had a very small number of fuzz and a high value of the twist structure represented by b/α. It also had high strength and could be woven without warp glue. After dyeing and finishing this fabric, a 5-hour pilling measurement using the ICI method was performed, and results of grade 5 were obtained for both warp and weft. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 2 An open-end spinning machine manufactured by Toyoda Automatic Loom Works was used. Rotor diameter 65φ special processing. Rotor rotation speed 36,000
rpm V=7345m/min, opening roller rotation speed 64r.
pm, navel surface with 8 medium deep grooves (conventional method) and non-grooved surface roughness 0.3 μm (invention method) Twisting coefficient α = 145
Acrylic, ester, cotton, and ester/cotton blend yarns were spun under the conditions of 1/32 μm in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the spun yarn obtained by the method of the present invention has a fluff length of 1 mm or more and less than 20 yarns/m, and a fluff length of 3 mm or more.
The spun yarn was less than 2 pieces/m and satisfied b/a≧44.1/α-45+0.26. Furthermore, when the spun yarn thus obtained was made into knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, and braided cords and compared with those made by conventional methods, it was found that products with less fuzz, a smooth feel, and a high-class image were obtained. 【table】

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an open-end spinning frame, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a guide tube to which a navel and separator are attached, and FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the twisted state of fiber bundles in a rotor. 1... Supply roller, 2... Presser, 3...
... Sliver, 4 ... Demolition device, 5 ... Rotor,
6...Fiber, 7...Inner wall surface of maximum diameter portion, 8...Fiber bundle, 9...Thread, 10...Guide tube, 11...
... Navel, 12 ... Separator, 13 ... Winding roller, A ... Twisting point of the fiber bundle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a spun yarn, which is characterized in that when producing the spun yarn using a rotor-type open-end spinning machine, the following conditions (a) to (d) are satisfied: (a) The short fibers supplied to the open-end spinning machine have an average denier of 1.5 denier or less and an average fiber length of
It is 55mm or less. (b) The twist coefficient α is 135 or more. (c) The surface speed Vm/min of the fiber convergence surface of the rotor is
4000m/min≦V≦9500m/min. (d) From the inner wall of the rotor of an open-end spinning machine,
The surface of the guide with which the stripped fiber bundle first comes into contact is smooth and has a surface roughness of 1.5 μm or less.