JPH04140103A - Improved acetylated wood and manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Improved acetylated wood and manufacture thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04140103A JPH04140103A JP26469790A JP26469790A JPH04140103A JP H04140103 A JPH04140103 A JP H04140103A JP 26469790 A JP26469790 A JP 26469790A JP 26469790 A JP26469790 A JP 26469790A JP H04140103 A JPH04140103 A JP H04140103A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- acetylated
- acetylated wood
- improved
- amine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 amine acetate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- SFBHPFQSSDCYSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyltetradecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C SFBHPFQSSDCYSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010003399 Arthropod bite Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000005109 Cryptomeria japonica Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical class N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001387505 Heterotermes tenuis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000397 acetylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010875 treated wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、生物劣化抵抗性を大幅に向上させた改良アセ
チル化木材と、その製造方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an improved acetylated wood with significantly improved resistance to biological degradation and a method for producing the same.
〔従来の技術および解決すべき技術的課題〕木材は暖か
く柔らかな質感を持ち、建築材料などに広く使用されて
いる。ことに日本建築では古くから木材か頻用され、１
０００年以上も前の木材建造物か今もなお建築当時その
ままの姿を残しているなど、日本の代表的建築材料とい
える。[Conventional technology and technical issues to be solved] Wood has a warm and soft texture and is widely used as a building material. In particular, wood has been frequently used in Japanese architecture since ancient times, and 1
It can be said to be a representative building material in Japan, as it is a wooden structure that is over 1,000 years old and still retains its original appearance.
しかしながら、建築材料としての木材にもいくつかの欠
点がある。耐久性の問題は、その最も大なるものの１つ
である。ある木材建造物は数世紀にわたって現存し、他
の木材建築物は築後数十年にして建造物としての強度を
保ちえなくなる。いくつかの建築材料としての木材か耐
久性に欠ける原因は、主として湿気と腐食、シロアリ食
害にある。年間を通して湿度の高い本邦においては、木
材が湿気を帯びやすく、これによって、腐食し易くシロ
アリに食害され易くなると共に、帯湿膨張して木材が寸
法変化し建築物の強度に問題が生じる。However, wood as a building material also has some drawbacks. The durability issue is one of the biggest. Some timber buildings survive for centuries, while others fail to maintain their structural strength after decades of construction. The reason why wood lacks durability as a building material is mainly due to moisture, corrosion, and termite damage. In Japan, where humidity is high throughout the year, wood tends to become damp, which makes it susceptible to rot and termite damage, as well as expansion in the humidity, which causes the wood to change dimensions and cause problems with the strength of buildings.
従来、アセチル化木材が提案され、これらの帯湿膨張と
腐食、シロアリ食害の問題を解決せんとした。このアセ
チル化木材は、木材構造中の親水性の水酸基の一部、つ
まりセルロースやヘミセルロース、リグニン分子中のい
くつかの親水性水酸基を、親油性のアセチル基によって
置換し、これによって、木材の帯湿膨張を防ぎ、同時に
湿気を帯難くして木材中の水分量を減らして腐食、シロ
アリ食害を予防するのである。しかしながら、従来のア
セチル化木材においても、木材構造中の全ての水酸基を
置換してはいないので、防腐、防蟻効果は完全ではない
。例えば、褐色腐朽菌による腐食や、イエシロアリによ
る食害は完全に予防されてはいないのである。Previously, acetylated wood was proposed in an attempt to solve the problems of moisture expansion, corrosion, and termite damage. This acetylated wood replaces some of the hydrophilic hydroxyl groups in the wood structure, that is, some of the hydrophilic hydroxyl groups in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin molecules, with lipophilic acetyl groups. It prevents moisture expansion and at the same time makes it difficult for moisture to accumulate, reducing the amount of moisture in the wood and preventing corrosion and termite damage. However, even in conventional acetylated wood, not all the hydroxyl groups in the wood structure have been replaced, so the antiseptic and termite-proofing effects are not perfect. For example, corrosion caused by brown rot fungi and feeding damage caused by house termites cannot be completely prevented.
本発明は、従来の耐久性処理木材に上記の問題点があっ
たことに鑑みてなされたもので、より完全な防腐、防蟻
効果を有し、特に褐色腐朽菌による腐食や、イエシロア
リによる食害を防ぐ加工木材と、その製造方法を提供す
るものである。The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems with conventional durability-treated wood, and has a more complete antiseptic and termite-preventing effect, especially against corrosion caused by brown rot fungi and feeding damage caused by house termites. The present invention provides processed wood that prevents this from occurring, and a method for producing the same.
本発明者か上記課題解決のために採用した手段を説明す
れば以下の通りである。The means adopted by the present inventor to solve the above problem are as follows.
即ち、木材構造中の水酸基の一部をアセチル基で置換し
て、木材空隙に酢酸アミン塩を含ませたことにより、防
腐、防蟻なと生物劣化抵抗性を高めたアセチル化木材を
提供し、木材を融解無水酢酸中に浸漬して、木材構造中
の水酸基の一部をアセチル基で置換し、更に、このアセ
チル化木材をアミン水溶液中に浸漬して、アセチル化木
材空隙に残存していた酢酸を三級アミンで中和するとい
う手段を採用したことにより、上記アセチル化木材の製
造方法を提供したのである。That is, by replacing some of the hydroxyl groups in the wood structure with acetyl groups and impregnating the wood voids with acetic acid amine salts, we provide acetylated wood that is preservative, anti-termite, and highly resistant to biological deterioration. , the wood is immersed in molten acetic anhydride to replace some of the hydroxyl groups in the wood structure with acetyl groups, and the acetylated wood is then immersed in an amine aqueous solution to replace the remaining hydroxyl groups in the voids of the acetylated wood. By employing a method of neutralizing acetic acid with a tertiary amine, the method for producing the acetylated wood was provided.
以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on examples.
スギの乾燥木材を、５重量％の酢酸ナトリウムを含有す
る溶融無水酢酸（温度１００〜１３０°Ｃ）中に浸漬す
る。５〜３００分の間の適当な時間木材を浸漬させてお
くと、所要アセチル化率（２〜３０％）を変えていくつ
かのアセチル化木材を得ることができる。このアセチル
化木材を、温度的８０°Ｃに保ったミリスチルジメチル
アミン水溶液中に、２４時間浸漬する。こうして木材空
隙中に含まれていた酢酸、無水酢酸をアミンと反応させ
、本発明の実施例である改良アセチル化木材を得た。Dried cedar wood is immersed in molten acetic anhydride (temperature 100-130°C) containing 5% by weight of sodium acetate. By soaking the wood for a suitable time between 5 and 300 minutes, several acetylated woods can be obtained with varying degrees of acetylation (2-30%). This acetylated wood is immersed for 24 hours in an aqueous myristyldimethylamine solution maintained at a temperature of 80°C. In this way, the acetic acid and acetic anhydride contained in the wood voids were reacted with the amine to obtain improved acetylated wood, which is an example of the present invention.
以下、実施例の改良アセチル化木材の生物劣化抵抗性を
比較例アセチル化木材、無処理スギ乾燥木材とを比較試
験した。比較例アセチル化木材は、実施例改良アセチル
化木材と同様の条件でスギの乾燥木材をアセチル化した
後、流水で約３時間木材中の残留酢酸を溶脱させたもの
である。表中、「カワラタケ」 「オオウズラタケＪは
カワラタケ菌、オオウズラタケ菌による３力月の強制腐
食試験（６例ずつ）、「イエシロアリ」はイエシロアリ
による耐蟻性試験（４例ずつ）を示す。耐蟻性試験は（
社）日本木材保存協会規格第１１号（１）によった。ま
た、耐候操作は、各処理毎に試験片をまとめてビーカー
に入れ、試験片体積の１０倍量の蒸留水を加え、マグネ
チックスターラーを用いて水を攪拌させなから８時間２
５±２°Ｃ下で溶脱した後、６０±２°Ｃで１６時間揮
散することを１０回繰り返した。Hereinafter, the biological deterioration resistance of the improved acetylated wood of the example was tested in comparison with the acetylated wood of the comparative example and the untreated dried cedar wood. The acetylated wood of the comparative example was obtained by acetylating dried cedar wood under the same conditions as the improved acetylated wood of the example, and then leaching residual acetic acid in the wood with running water for about 3 hours. In the table, "Corioscus versicolor" and "Vargentum J" indicate a three-month forced corrosion test (6 cases each) using the Versicolor fungus and the "Varius nigra" fungus, and "Saltica termite" indicates an ant resistance test (4 cases each) using the Subterranean termite. Ant resistance test (
According to Japan Wood Preservation Association Standard No. 11 (1). In addition, the weathering operation was performed by putting the test pieces together in a beaker for each treatment, adding distilled water in an amount 10 times the volume of the test piece, and stirring the water using a magnetic stirrer for 8 hours.
After leaching at 5±2°C, volatilization at 60±2°C for 16 hours was repeated 10 times.
以上、実施例及び試験によって説明したとおり、本発明
の改良アセチル化木材は、木材空隙に酢酸アミン塩を含
有することによって、耐腐食性や耐蟻食性に顕著な改善
が見られる。しかも、酢酸アミン塩は炭素、酸素、水素
、窒素のみからなる物質であって、改良アセチル化木材
が廃材となって放置されたときにも、自然分解されて、
自然界に毒性が蓄積されることがない。また、木材構造
中の水酸基の一部がアセチル基よって置換されているの
で、湿気を帯難く、湿気を帯びても寸法変化し難い。更
に、残留酢酸を完全に中和させているので、従来のアセ
チル化木材のように、溶脱後にも残留する酢酸による臭
気がない。As explained above in the examples and tests, the improved acetylated wood of the present invention exhibits significant improvement in corrosion resistance and ant attack resistance by containing an acetate amine salt in the wood voids. Moreover, amine acetate is a substance consisting only of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, and even when improved acetylated wood is left as waste, it naturally decomposes.
Toxic substances do not accumulate in nature. Furthermore, since some of the hydroxyl groups in the wood structure are replaced by acetyl groups, it is difficult to absorb moisture and does not undergo dimensional changes even when exposed to moisture. Furthermore, since residual acetic acid is completely neutralized, there is no odor caused by residual acetic acid even after leaching, unlike conventional acetylated wood.
しかも、酢酸アミン塩は木材構造中の親油基と結びつい
て長期に亘たって木材中に存在することができる。Moreover, the amine acetate salt can remain in the wood for a long period of time by bonding with the lipophilic groups in the wood structure.
また、改良アセチル化木材の製造方法は、木材のアセチ
ル化の際に不可避的に残留する木材空隙中の酢酸を三級
アミンで中和するだけであって、反応管理は極めて容易
である。更に、従来は木材空隙中の酢酸を洗い流して廃
棄していたことを考え合わせると、処理費用は安価であ
る。In addition, the method for producing improved acetylated wood only involves neutralizing acetic acid in wood voids that inevitably remain during wood acetylation with a tertiary amine, and reaction control is extremely easy. Furthermore, considering that conventionally the acetic acid in the wood voids was washed away and disposed of, the processing cost is low.
このように、本発明は、従来廃液として捨て去っていた
酢酸をアミンで中和させるという合理的な手段を採用し
たことにより、寸法安定性が高くて、極めて容易に製造
できる生物劣化抵抗性を著しく向上させた改良アセチル
化木材を提供することができたのであって、産業上の利
用価値か頗る高い。As described above, the present invention adopts a rational method of neutralizing acetic acid, which was conventionally discarded as waste liquid, with an amine, thereby achieving remarkable biological deterioration resistance that has high dimensional stability and is extremely easy to manufacture. We were able to provide improved acetylated wood, which has an extremely high industrial value.
Claims (2)
れ、木材空隙には酢酸アミン塩を含んだことを特徴とす
る改良アセチル化木材。(1) An improved acetylated wood characterized in that some of the hydroxyl groups in the wood structure are replaced with acetyl groups, and the wood voids contain an acetate amine salt.
水酸基の一部をアセチル基で置換し、更に、このアセチ
ル化木材をアミン水溶液中に浸漬して、アセチル化木材
空隙に残存していた酢酸を三級アミンで中和することを
特徴とする改良アセチル化木材の製造方法。(2) The wood is immersed in molten acetic anhydride to replace some of the hydroxyl groups in the wood structure with acetyl groups, and the acetylated wood is further immersed in an amine aqueous solution to remain in the voids of the acetylated wood. A method for producing improved acetylated wood, characterized by neutralizing acetic acid that has been acetic acid with a tertiary amine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26469790A JPH0681686B2 (en) | 1990-10-01 | 1990-10-01 | Improved acetylated wood and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26469790A JPH0681686B2 (en) | 1990-10-01 | 1990-10-01 | Improved acetylated wood and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04140103A true JPH04140103A (en) | 1992-05-14 |
| JPH0681686B2 JPH0681686B2 (en) | 1994-10-19 |
Family
ID=17406933
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26469790A Expired - Fee Related JPH0681686B2 (en) | 1990-10-01 | 1990-10-01 | Improved acetylated wood and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0681686B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2838369A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-10-17 | Lapeyre | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR WOOD AND A MATERIAL OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
-
1990
- 1990-10-01 JP JP26469790A patent/JPH0681686B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2838369A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-10-17 | Lapeyre | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR WOOD AND A MATERIAL OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0681686B2 (en) | 1994-10-19 |
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