JPH04155156A - Solar heat storage arrangement and heat storage method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To usefully utilize heated-energy frost both a solar heat collector and an auxiliary heat source by effectively actuating the auxiliary heat source, by a method wherein the auxiliary heat source is composed so as to be actuated by an signal outputted from a weather- forecasting device through a control part. CONSTITUTION:When an electric current is applied to an electric heater 14 provided on the underside of a heat storage tank 30, water in the heat storage tank 30 is heated, and when the water reaches a definite temperature, the electric current applied to the electric heater 14 is stopped by a thermostat 16 for water. When it is forecast by a weather-forecasting device 12 that the weather on the day after will be fine, the electric heater 14 is not actuated by a signal from the device 12, for the duration of unsunned time on the day before the forecast thereof, but the heat collected by a solar heat collector 4 is accumulated in the heat storage tank 30 during the heat of the day at which the weather forecast will be fine. On the other hand, it is forecast by the weather-forecasting device 12 that the weather on the day after will be rainy or cloudy, the electric heater 14 is turned on by another signal from the device 12, for the duration of unsunned time on the day before the forecast thereof, and if desirable, for a time zone of a midnight electric power rate at night and the heat is accumulated in the heat storage tank 30 by midnight electric power.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a heat storage device that uses solar heat and a heat storage method thereof, and particularly relates to a solar heat storage device and a heat storage method that use solar heat to heat water. .

[Conventional technology]

In the past, various Nostem systems that utilize solar energy have been developed and put into practical use from the perspective of energy conservation. One type of solar energy utilization system is the nolan system, which uses a solar collector to collect and utilize the sun's thermal energy.

This heat collecting type nolan stem is often used in combination with an auxiliary heat source. This is either the amount of heat collected by the solar heat collectors currently in use, or an auxiliary heat source, as it is difficult to provide a stable supply of heat from solar heat collectors because it is greatly affected by the weather. It has become necessary.

In a conventional combination of a solar system and an auxiliary heat source, for example, as shown in FIG. A heat storage tank and an auxiliary heat source in which a heating means such as an electric heater 65 is installed near the vertical middle of the tank as shown in Fig. 3 are used. integral structure,
There will be a time later.

In the case of the second structure where the auxiliary heat source is installed separately, there is an advantage that if the capacity of the auxiliary heat source is selected greatly, this heat source can be used even when the heat storage tank is used up.
In such a configuration, much of the thermal energy supply relies on the auxiliary heat source, which not only results in low efficiency from an energy saving perspective, but also requires the use of an auxiliary boiler or auxiliary water heater 60.
In addition to the problem of installation space, additional installation piping work is required, resulting in high costs.

In addition, if you select a late-night electric water heater as an auxiliary heat source,
If you operate an auxiliary heat source using late-night electricity every night, for example, the heat collection capacity of a solar collector when there are sufficient hours of sunlight or the ability to supply sufficient thermal energy for the energy required If the weather was clear during the day and there was enough sunshine, the system would heat up more than necessary, which had the disadvantage of being extremely wasteful in terms of electricity costs.

The conventional integrated heat source structure shown in FIG. 3 is a structure that can avoid unnecessary operations in terms of power cost, as in the case shown in FIG. 2. In this structure, solar heat collector 4
The heat collecting capacity of the heat storage tank 40 and the heating capacity of the heating means such as the electric heater 65 are combined to supply almost the necessary thermal energy, for example, half of the total amount of water in the heat storage tank 40. The structure is such that the electricity is turned on every night, regardless of the weather, and with this configuration, there are drawbacks such as a lack of hot water on days when there is little solar energy heating.

[Invention or problem to be solved]

As described above, in conventional solar heat storage devices, a configuration has been adopted in which the lack of heat collection ability of the solar heat collector is compensated for by the above-mentioned auxiliary heat source.

However, in all of these cases, the auxiliary heat source is operated independently regardless of the weather, which may waste electricity or fuel. Depending on the situation, the amount of heat stored could be insufficient, resulting in, for example, a shortage of hot water.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving solar heat storage device and a heat storage method that can effectively operate an auxiliary heat source and utilize the heating energy of a solar heat collector and auxiliary heat source without waste.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above-mentioned problems of the present invention are to provide a solar heat collector, a heat storage tank for storing heat collected by the solar heat collector, a heat medium circulation/distribution system, and an auxiliary heat source provided inside the heat storage tank. and a weather forecasting device, and the auxiliary heat source is operated via a control unit by an output signal of the weather forecasting device. I can do it.

Further, the above-mentioned problem of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary heat source inside a heat storage tank that stores heat collected by a solar heat collector, to enable the auxiliary heat source to be operated by a weather forecasting device, and to enable the auxiliary heat source to be operated by a weather forecasting device, and to predict the sunshine hours of the next day. is predicted to be below the standard value, the auxiliary heat source is activated during the non-sunshine hours before the predicted day, and when the sunshine hours are predicted to be equal to or higher than the standard value, the auxiliary heat source is operated during the non-sunshine hours before the predicted day. This problem can be solved by a heat storage method characterized in that the operation of the heat source is stopped and the heat is stored using the heat generated by the solar heat collector.

[Operation] In this way, when the weather forecasting device predicts that the next day's sunshine hours will be below the standard value, by activating the auxiliary heat source during the non-sunshine hours before the predicted day, it is possible to reduce the amount of sunlight due to lack of sunlight on the predicted day. It can compensate for the lack of heat collected by solar heat collectors.

In addition, when the sunshine hours are predicted to exceed the standard value, by stopping the operation of the auxiliary heat source during the non-sunshine hours before the predicted day, it is possible to avoid more heating than necessary, and the unnecessary operation of the auxiliary heat source. It is possible to perform efficient heat storage to prevent energy loss and save energy.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the solar heat storage device of the present invention will be described.
This will be explained with reference to the figures. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and can be modified in various ways.

The solar heat storage device 1 of this embodiment is a device that combines the functions of a general open-type heat storage tank 30, a solar heat collector 4, and a late-night power water heater operated or controlled by a weather prediction device 12.

The solar thermal storage device 1 shown in FIG. The heat medium, water, is supplied and distributed in an appropriately controlled manner.

The heat storage tank 30 is provided with a water supply pipe 2 on its upper side,
A hole tap plug 18 attached to the water supply port of the water supply pipe 2 controls the water supply into the tank. The hot water supply system is also provided with a hot water pump 8, a check valve 22, an accumulator 7, a pressure switch 9, etc. at appropriate locations on the hot water pipe 3, so as to be able to supply hot water appropriately. The hot water supply inlet of the hot water supply system is constituted by a hot water supply tracking pipe 19 attached with floating means so that the inlet part can be always positioned near the water surface.

Further, the heat storage tank 30 is provided with a low temperature side detector 15, an electric heater 14, and a dry firing prevention float switch 23 on the bottom side. For water and hot water supply into the tank, mixing prevention pipes 17, 20, etc. are appropriately installed to prevent water and hot water from mixing.

Further, a weather forecasting device 12 is provided on the side surface of the heat storage tank 30, and detection means for detecting the temperature state inside the tank are provided inside the heat storage tank 30. The operation and input signals of the weather forecasting device 12, each detection means, furthermore, the power supply 25, the temperature display section 26, and each pump are centrally controlled by the control section 13. Device 1 can now be operated.

The operation of this device 1 will be explained below.

When electricity is applied to the waterproof electric heater 14 installed at the lower side of the heat storage tank 30, the water in the heat storage tank 30 is heated, and when it reaches a predetermined temperature, the temperature of the water installed at the upper side of the heat storage tank 30 is increased. The thermostat 16 detects the set temperature and energizes or stops the electric heater 14. The operation of such an electric heater 14 itself is the same as that of a conventional general late-night electric water heater, or in this embodiment, the next day's weather is predicted by the weather forecasting device 12 and based on this signal. The above-mentioned electric heater 14 is activated (this is a major feature).

The weather prediction device 12 is a sensor capable of emitting a weather prediction signal, and incorporates, for example, a barometric pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, or a sensor configured as an appropriate combination of these sensors. This weather prediction device 12 is attached to the side of the heat storage tank 30 or any other suitable location.

If the weather prediction device 12 predicts that the next day's weather will be clear, the electric heater 14 will not operate in the non-sunshine time before the predicted day based on the transmitted signal. Therefore, during the daytime of the next day, the heat collected by the solar heat collector 4 is stored in the heat storage tank 30. In addition, when the weather forecasting device 12 predicts rainy or cloudy weather, the transmitted signal energizes the heater 14 during non-sunshine hours before the predicted day, preferably during nighttime and late-night power hours.
Heat is stored in the heat storage tank 30 or by late night electricity.

The signals generated by the weather forecasting device t12 can be roughly divided into two types: whether or not to operate the electric heater 14, and whether the weather forecasting device 12 detects weather conditions such as clear skies, sometimes clear skies, cloudy skies, rain, and changes thereof. By identifying the difference in the type of sunlight or the difference in sunshine hours and transmitting a relatively detailed output signal, the operating time of the electric heater 14 can be finely controlled according to the weather conditions on the forecast day based on the difference in the signals. It can also happen.

Further, the reference value of the sunshine duration or the sunshine amount as used in the present invention is a criterion for identifying the above-mentioned weather condition, and this reference value does not particularly limit the sunshine duration, for example. That is, this reference value can be set as appropriate depending on various conditions such as the heat collection capacity of the solar heat collector 4 and the heat storage capacity of the heat storage tank 30.

The control unit 13 is a part that controls all functions of the device I. Then, the weather forecasting device 12 predicts the weather in 8 to 12 hours, for example, and sends a four-step signal to the control unit 13: (sunny weather) (weather recovery) (weather deterioration) (weather deterioration) (rainy weather).

Then, for example, if it is predicted at 23:00 at night that the weather will be clear at 9:00 a.m. the next day, the power supply to the electric heater 14 is stopped.

Further, when a signal of worsening weather is sent around 2:00 a.m. at night, the control section 13 issues a new control signal and starts energizing the electric heater 14, causing the electric heater 14 to control the temperature inside the heat storage tank 30. Heating of water begins, and this heat storage tank 30 functions as a late-night electric water heater. On the contrary, if a signal indicating bad weather or rain is sent around 11:00 p.m., the electric heater 14 will be energized at a predetermined time and will function as a late-night electric water heater, or after midnight, at 3 a.m. When the signal changes to a clear weather signal, the electricity to the electric heater 14 is stopped, and the next day the water is heated by the function of the solar heat collector 4.

The reliability of the solar heat storage device 1 is increased by configuring the electric heater 14 to be activated based on the most reliable last weather prediction signal.

In addition, in case of emergencies, a forced on/off circuit with a manual switch automatically stops 2 manual mote selection allows you to respond to long-term absences, severe changes in atmospheric pressure due to typhoons, or early morning loads. It is configured.

Note that water is appropriately supplied to the heat storage tank 30 through the water supply pipe 2, and this water supply is set at a constant water level by a pole tap stopper 18 attached to the water supply port. The water in this tank is sent from the lower part of the heat storage tank 30 by a heat collection circulation pump 5 through a heat collection outgoing pipe 6 to a solar heat collector 4 installed in a place where it receives direct sunlight. Here, the heated hot water passes through the heat collection return pipe IO and returns into the heat storage tank 30 via the mixing prevention pipe 20 of the heat storage tank 30.

Through the above-described circulation, the water in the heat storage tank 30 is heated and stored using solar energy.

This stored hot water is sucked in by a hot water tracking pipe 19 whose suction port is always located near the water surface in the tank, pressurized by a hot water pressure pump 8, and supplied to each hot water faucet through a hot water pipe 3. Ru. As the water level drops during hot water supply,
Mixing is avoided because the pole tap 18 is operated and low temperature water is supplied, or the supplied water is directly guided to the bottom of the tank by the mixing prevention pipe 17. In addition, if the amount of hot water sent by the hot water pressure pump 8 is greater than the amount of water supplied, the water level in the heat storage tank 30 will start to drop, but the flexible part 19, such as a bellows, provided at the base of the installation.
Since the hot water tracking pipe 19 that grew the temperature A tracks the falling water surface, for example, even if the water level becomes less than half of the tank capacity, the hot water pressure pump 8 will not run idly and the hot water in the heat storage tank 30 will be completely drained. You can supply hot water until it runs out.

When all the hot water taps in the hot water supply equipment at the end are closed,
The pressure of the hot water supply pipe 3 is increased and the pressure switch 9 or the hot water supply pressure pump 8 is stopped. If even one hot water tap is opened,
When the pressure drops, operate the hot water supply pressurization pump 8. Note that the accumulator 7 functions to absorb shock, and the check valve 22 functions to prevent backflow of hot water.

The operation of the heat collection circulation pump 5 is stopped when the control unit 13 detects the temperature difference between the high temperature side sensor 11 installed in the solar heat collector 4 and the low temperature side sensor 15 installed in the lower part of the heat storage tank 30. For example, the device is operated when the temperature is about 10° C. or higher, and stops when the temperature drops to about 56° C., thereby maintaining the water heating efficiency above a certain level.

The heat storage tank 30 is equipped with a float spanner 23 to prevent dry heating from occurring due to the electric heater 14, and the electric heater 14 is activated only when the water level is above the - chamber. Then, when the temperature of the hot water rises to a certain temperature by the electric heater 14, a signal from the hot water thermostat 16 is used to stop energizing the electric heater 14. In addition, another high temperature side detector 16 is provided at a suitable location to enhance safety so as to function as a double safety stop for abnormally high temperature shutdown.

Since the heat storage tank 30 in this embodiment is a pressureless open type, it is possible to avoid a pressure increase in the heat storage tank due to overheating even if the heating capacity of the electric heater 14 is large, and the heat storage tank 30 does not need to have a pressure-resistant structure. Therefore, it is possible to use inexpensive equipment.

Furthermore, the form of utilization of the thermal energy stored in the thermal storage tank 30 is not limited to the form described in the above embodiment. In the winter, it can be used for heating and hot water supply, and in the summer, an absorption chiller can be driven to store cold water in a tank and used for cooling. Note that if clear skies are predicted for the next day, heating by electricity will be stopped, and systems such as heating and cooling will be operated using solar heat the next day.

As a result, no electricity is used during the day or night when an auxiliary heat source is not required due to sunny weather, and unnecessary heating can be avoided, resulting in extremely effective energy savings.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention operates the auxiliary heat source during the non-sunshine time before the predicted day when the weather forecasting device predicts that the next day's sunshine hours will be less than the reference value, so that the lack of sunlight on the predicted day When the sunshine hours are predicted to exceed the standard value, the operation of the auxiliary heat source during the non-sunshine hours before the predicted day is stopped, thereby preventing unnecessary heating. It is possible to avoid unnecessary operation of the auxiliary heat source, and it is possible to carry out efficient heat storage in terms of energy saving.

Therefore, as an auxiliary heat source for conventional heat storage devices,
Electric water heaters are powered on late at night or every day, regardless of the weather, and have a low energy-saving effect, compared to a complete dual system of a heat storage tank and a late-night electric water heater. , the dependence on solar heat increases, and furthermore, by integrating the heat storage tank and the auxiliary heat source, it is possible to eliminate dual equipment and avoid increasing the size of the heat storage equipment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar heat storage device implementing the heat storage method of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic diagrams showing conventional solar heat storage devices. (Symbols in the figure) 1... Solar heat storage device, 2... Water supply pipe, 3... Hot water supply pipe, 4... Solar heat collector, 5... Heat collection circulation pump, 6... Collection Heat output pipe, 7... Accumulator, 8... Hot water pump, 9... Pressure switch, 10...
- Heat collection return pipe, 11... High temperature side detector, 12... Weather prediction device, 13... Control section, 14... Electric heater, 15... Low temperature side detector, 16... High temperature side detector 17... Mixing prevention pipe, 18... Water supply ball tap stopper, 19... Hot water supply tracking pipe, 19a... Flexible part, 20... Mixing prevention pipe, 21... Overflow pipe, 22... Reverse ratio valve, 23... Dry firing prevention float switch, 25... Power supply, 26... Temperature display section, 27... Drain pipe, 30... Heat storage tank. (3 others) Na11: “Ko

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A solar heat collector, a heat storage tank that stores the heat collected by the solar heat collector, and a heat medium circulation/distribution system;
A solar heat source comprising an auxiliary heat source provided inside a heat storage tank and a weather prediction device, and configured such that the auxiliary heat source is activated via a control unit by an output signal of the weather prediction device. Heat storage device. (2) Claim 1, wherein the heat storage tank is configured in an open and pressureless type.
The solar heat storage device described in . (3) An auxiliary heat source is provided inside the heat storage tank that stores the heat collected by the solar heat collector, and the auxiliary heat source is made operable by a weather forecasting device, and the weather forecasting device determines the next day's sunshine hours or amount of sunlight as a reference value. When the following is predicted, the auxiliary heat source is operated during the non-sunshine hours before the predicted day, and when the sunshine hours are predicted to be equal to or higher than the reference value, the auxiliary heat source is activated during the non-sunshine hours before the predicted day. A heat storage method characterized in that the heat storage is stopped and the heat is stored by the heat generated by the solar heat collector.