JPH0415830Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention is designed to mark the direction of the sample to be collected when investigating geological conditions such as underground clay layers, silt layers, and compaction. This invention relates to a sample collection device for geological boring surveys that enables the formation of

(Prior art) In general geological boring surveys, as shown in FIG.
After inserting the device body 2 of the sampling device connected to the connecting pipe 3 at the lowest end into the excavation hole 1, a sample of the stratum is collected by the device body 2, and then the device body is 2 to the ground, and remove the device body 2.
A sample 5 as shown in FIG. 12 was taken out from inside.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to detect the lamination state and consolidation degree of each layer 5a to 5e from the collected sample 5, but the directionality of each layer 5a to 5e, for example, the silt layer or clay layer is As shown in (a) to (d), it was not possible to detect in what direction the lamination state was changing.

Therefore, as a conventional technique for detecting the directionality of each layer, there is a sample collecting device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 168791/1983.

In this system, a core, that is, a sample collection tube for collecting a sample, is non-rotatably inserted into an outer tube that is driven to rotate, and a movable tube for catching the sample is attached to the lower end of the sample collection tube. A core lifter and a crawling ring having a claw for carving a direction detection mark on the outer circumferential surface of the sample are fitted inside, and the stratum is excavated with a bit provided at the tip of the outer tube. The remaining sample is allowed to enter the sample collection cylinder, a direction detection mark is carved on the outer circumferential surface of the sample using a crawling claw, and after excavation to a predetermined depth, the lower end of the sample is inserted into the core. A lifter is used to catch and lift the sample.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) According to the above-mentioned conventional sample collection device, since the core lifter and crawling ring are arranged inside the sample collection cylinder, there is a slight gap between the sample and the sample collection cylinder. , and the sample is not supported by the sampling tube. Therefore, there is a risk that the sample may be broken due to vibrations during excavation, gravel, pebbles, etc. that hit the bit, and there is also a risk that the sample may be broken due to the core lifter or crawling hitting the sample inside the sample collection cylinder. It is extremely difficult to collect samples while they are still underground.

Furthermore, soil deep underground is naturally in a highly compacted state, and when soil in this compacted state is collected into a sampling tube, if there is a gap between the sampling tube and the soil, it will be in a consolidated state. Because the sample is released from the soil, the sample expands, and there is a risk that direction detection marks engraved on the outer surface of the sample may be erased, especially in the case of soft soil that is prone to expansion and collapse. , the disadvantage is that this tendency is severe.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention has been developed to
It is an object of the present invention to provide a sample collection device for geological boring surveys, which can prevent the directionality detection mark transferred thereto from being erased and can take it out while it is still in the ground.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The structure of the present invention for achieving the above object will be described with reference numerals corresponding to the embodiments. A cylinder tube 16 is connected to the connecting pipe 10 at the lowermost end, and a sample collection cylinder 6 is inserted into the cylinder tube 16, and the sample collection cylinder 6 is integrally connected to pistons 19 and 20 installed inside the cylinder tube 16. , by lowering the pistons 19 and 20, the sample collection cylinder 6 can protrude outward from the opening at the tip of the cylinder tube 16, and a ring is provided on the inner surface of the sample collection cylinder 6 over almost its entire axial length for detecting the directionality of the strata. A configuration is adopted in which a linear transfer portion 9 such as a protrusion or groove is formed for transferring the mark 8 onto the sample 7.

(Example) Figures 1 to 3 show a sample collection tube 6 used in a sample collection device which is an example of the present invention, and is made of a cylindrical body with an inner diameter of 75 mm and a length of about 650 mm. A linear transfer part 9 in the form of a V-shaped groove is formed over almost the entire length in the axial direction, the lower end 6a of which is pointed so that it can be easily pushed into the ground, and the upper end thereof is provided with a screw hole 6b for attachment and detachment. .

As shown in FIG. 9, the schematic structure of the sample collection device consists of a device main body 12 and connecting pipes 10 that are successively connected to the device body 12, and the above-mentioned sample collection tube 6 is built into the device main body 12. . and each connecting pipe 1
0 and the outer circumferential surface of the device main body 12 are formed with marks 11 and 13 that coincide with the transfer portion 9, and the marks 11 and 1
3 makes it possible to confirm the orientation of the main body 12 of the device (any fixed direction, north, south, east or west). Incidentally, reference numeral 4 denotes a drilling machine for supporting the connecting pipe 10 in a vertical state and sending it underground.

Describing the structure of the sample collection device in detail with reference to FIG. 4, the device main body 12 has the following structure. That is,
Connecting pipe 1 is attached to the upper end of the uppermost head cover 14.
A cylinder tube 16, which is an outer cylinder extending downward, is attached to the outer circumference of the head cover 14.
A hollow central shaft 17 is protruded from the center of the cylinder tube 16 over almost the entire length of the cylinder tube 16, and a guide block 18 is fixed to the lower end of the central shaft 17. Inside the cylinder tube 16, an upper piston 19 corresponding to the head cover 14 side and a lower piston 20 located below it are provided.
is provided therethrough, and a clutch device 21 is provided between the upper and lower pistons 19, 20, the function of which will be described later. The cylinder chamber 22 facing the upper piston 19 communicates with the conduit 10a of the connecting pipe 10 through a passage 23 provided in the head cover 14, and the lower piston 20 has an inner wall extending downward from its outer periphery. A cylindrical sample collection cylinder 6 is attached with screws 24.

The clutch mechanism 21 includes a lower piston 20
A receiving ring 2 which is screwed to the upper part of the ring and has a first tapered surface 25 tapered upward on its inner circumferential surface.
6, and a sliding ring 29 (a second sliding ring 29) which is fitted onto the center shaft 17 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, has a second tapered surface 27 facing the first tapered surface 25, and has one crack 28. 8), a first spring 30 that biases the sliding ring 29 upward, and a second spring 31 provided on the receiving ring 26 that biases the upper piston 19 upward. The biasing force of the second spring 31 is made smaller than that of the first spring 30.

The cylinder chamber 22 communicates with the pressure water supply and discharge pipe 10a of the connecting pipe 10 via a passage 23, and when pressure water is not fed into the cylinder chamber 22, a sliding ring is inserted as shown in FIG. 29 comes into pressure contact with the first tapered surface 25 of the receiving ring 26 under the pressure of the first spring 30, and as a result, the sliding ring 29 is brought down and locked onto the central shaft 17, and the so-called clutch device 21 is inserted. In this state, the upper piston 19 is locked to the central shaft 17 via the second spring 31 of the clutch device 21. When pressurized water is introduced into the cylinder chamber 22, the upper piston 19 moves down against the pressing force of the second spring 31, as shown in FIG.
The sliding ring 29 is lowered against a pressing force of
Since it is released from the pressing action of the clutch device 21, its inner diameter expands and the so-called clutch device 21 is disengaged, so that the lower piston 20, which is integrally formed with the clutch device 21, is also lowered by being pushed by the upper piston 19, and the piston The sample sampling tube 6 attached to the sample sampling cylinder 20 is pushed into the soil W to be sampled.

At this time, the air between the descending lower piston 20 and the guide block 18 in the fixed position passes from the air vent hole 32 through the hollow part 17a of the central shaft 17 as shown by the arrow, and pushes the check valve 33 open. The air is discharged to the outside from the air vent hole 34 on the upper side, and similarly, the lower piston 20 is also provided with an air vent passage 35 with a check valve through which air escapes downward. Furthermore, 36 is the upper piston 19
This is a stopper that regulates the upper limit position.

Next, the structure of the connecting pipe 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6. The connecting part 15 provided at one end of the pipe-shaped main body 10b having a length of about 20 m is a male threaded part formed on the outer periphery of the one end. 15a and an engaging protrusion 15b protruding from the end face of one end, and a connected part 37 provided at the other end opposite to this is a sleeve nut 37a screwed into the outer periphery of the other end.
and an engagement recess 37b bored in the end face of the other end.
The sleeve nut 37a further includes a female threaded portion 37c formed on the inner periphery of the end, and a guide pipe 37d projecting from the center of the other end.

Therefore, when connecting the connecting pipes 10 one after another, first, as shown in FIG. 7, the connecting part 15 of the connecting pipe 10 is fitted into the guide pipe 37d of the connected part 37 of the adjacent connecting pipe 10. and engage the engagement protrusion 15b with the engagement recess 37b. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the connecting pipes 10 are connected to each other without being displaced in the circumferential direction, and the connecting pipes 1
Confirmation marks (consisting of scribed lines, stamped lines, printed lines, etc.) 11, 11 opened on the outer peripheral surfaces of 0, 10
are regulated so that they are in a straight line. After that,
By screwing the female threaded portion 37c of the sleeve nut 37a into the male threaded portion 15a, both connecting pipes 10,
10 can be firmly connected.

To explain the operation method, as shown in FIG. 9, first, the chuck tube 38 provided in the drilling machine 4 is raised by the hydraulic cylinder 39, and the connecting pipe 10 is inserted into the inside of the chuck tube 38. , connect the device body 12 to the lowermost connecting tube 10 in the same procedure as the above-mentioned connecting tube 10 to each other (see FIG. 4), and connect the connecting tube 10 and the device body 12 to each other on their outer peripheral surfaces Match the confirmation marks 11 and 13. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, it is necessary to make the transfer part 9 of the sample collection tube 6 and the confirmation mark 13 of the device main body 12 coincide with the polymerization state in advance. The direction of the transfer section 9 is determined by the confirmation mark 11 on the connecting pipe 10 and the device main body 12.
It can be detected from 13 directions. As shown in FIG. 4, by fitting a pin 40 protruding from the lower end of the cylinder tube 16 into the V-groove of the transfer section 9, the transfer section 9 can be attached to the main body 12 of the apparatus when the sample collection tube 6 is lowered. The position can be prevented from shifting from the confirmation mark 13.

Next, the connecting pipe 10 is lowered and the device main body 12 is inserted into the excavation hole 1, and the connecting pipes 10, 10 are sequentially moved until the confirmation marks 11, 11 are the same as described above until the device main body 12 reaches the sample collection position. Add the sample while regulating it so that it is in a straight line, and the tip edge of the sample sampling cylinder 6 and cylinder tube 16 is the soil to be sampled W (first
5), the water pressure pump 41 is activated to introduce pressurized water into the cylinder chamber 22 of the device main body 12 through the conduit 10a of the connecting pipe 10, as shown in FIG. Then, the sample collection tube 6 is pushed into the soil W to be sampled, and when the lower piston 20 comes into contact with the guide block 18 in the fixed position, the hydraulic pump 41 stops feeding the pressure water, and the connecting pipe 10 is continued. The specimens 7 are sequentially pulled up and taken out from inside the specimen collection cylinder 6. In this case, since the transfer unit 9 is always oriented in a predetermined direction, the 10th
As shown in the figure, a directionality detection mark 8 in the same direction is transferred onto the sample 7, thereby accurately detecting in what direction the strata 7a to 7d appearing on the sample 7 are displaced. be able to.

In addition, as mentioned above, when the clutch device 21 is disconnected by the pressing force of the pressurized water and the sample collection tube 6 descends, the lower edge 6a of the sample collection tube 6 is exposed to hard soil such as rocks or a support layer on the way down. If it is impossible to dig any further due to the collision, the clutch device 21 is engaged by stopping the supply of pressurized water at that point, so that the lower piston 20 is locked to the central shaft 17 and the piston The sample collection tube 6 attached to the sample collection tube 20 can be pulled up without shaking in the axial direction, and when it is pulled up, the lower piston 20 is prevented from descending due to its own weight, and a vacuum is drawn into the sample collection tube 6. It is possible to prevent the sample from sagging due to force.

(Effects of the invention) As described above, according to the invention, the sample is supported on the inner surface of the sampling cylinder, and by pushing the sampling cylinder into the stratum by lowering the piston,
Since samples can be collected without shaking the strata, there is no risk of the sample collapsing during collection, and the sample can be collected while it is still underground.

In addition, since the sample is collected with its outer circumferential surface in close contact with the inner surface of the sample collection cylinder, the sample expands and the directional detection mark transferred to it is erased, as in the conventional device mentioned at the beginning. It is possible to accurately detect the condition of strata without any fear, and is especially suitable for collecting samples from soft strata that are prone to expansion or collapse.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a sample collecting tube used in a sample collecting device which is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the sample collecting cylinder used in a sample collecting device which is an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the apparatus body inserted into the excavation hole, Fig. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the sample collection operation using the apparatus, Fig. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the connecting pipe used in the apparatus, and Fig. 7 is the same. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the main parts of the clutch device used in the device;
Figure 9 is an overall schematic diagram showing the state of use, Figure 10
The figure is a perspective view of the sample collected by the same device.
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a conventional device, and FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the strata. 4...Test drill, 6...Sample collection tube, 7...Sample, 8...Direction detection mark, 9...Transfer section, 10
... Connecting pipe, 16 ... Cylinder tube, 19,
20... Piston.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A plurality of connecting tubes are sequentially added to the test drilling machine, a cylinder tube is connected to the lowest connecting tube, a sample sampling tube is inserted into the cylinder tube, and the sample sampling tube is inserted into the piston installed in the cylinder tube. integrally connected so that the sample collection tube can protrude outside from the tip opening of the cylinder tube by lowering the piston, and on the inner surface of the sample collection tube,
A sample collection device used in geological boring surveys, which has a linear transcription section such as a protrusion or groove for transferring a mark for detecting the directionality of the strata onto the sample over almost its entire axial length.