JPH04159484A - Vane compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide improvement of durability and lowness of noise while lightness of weight, of a compressor, by making a vane and a member, placed in a slide contact relation to this vane, of aluminum, and further applying plating of nickel-boron to a surface of the vane. CONSTITUTION:Side plates 4, 5 are closely mounted to both front/rear ends of a cylinder 3 received in a pair of front/rear housings 1, 2, and further a column-shaped rotor 6 is rotatably supported into a chamber in the cylinder 3. A vane 8 is brought into close contact with both the front/rear side plates 4, 5 and slidably fitted almost in a radial direction to each groove 7 formed in a radial direction in a peripheral surface of the rotor 6. Here, all of the vanes 8, brought into contact with the cylinder 3, both side plates 4, 5, rotor 6 and a volume control plate 7, are made of aluminum. A plating layer 8a, consisting of nickel-boron mainly composed of nickel material, is applied to a surface of the vane 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention is directed to a rotor that is rotatably housed in a cylinder that is sandwiched between a front side plate and a rear side plate. The present invention relates to a vane compressor that divides a space into a plurality of compression chambers using a plurality of vanes, and sucks in, compresses, and discharges refrigerant gas by rotating a rotor.

[Prior Art 1] From the viewpoint of reducing the weight of a vane compressor, it is desirable that the front side plate, rear side plate, cylinder, rotor, and vane, which account for a large proportion of the weight, are all made of aluminum. Furthermore, by reducing the weight of the rotating rotor and vanes, the torque can be reduced and power can be saved, and there is also the advantage of reduced noise due to the sliding contact between the aluminum parts.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the sliding action between the rotor and the vane accommodated in the groove on the rotor, or the sliding action between the vane tip and the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder is difficult to achieve. The direction of action is approximately perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the rotor, and the vanes are strong because they receive back pressure from within the grooves. Under such strong sliding action, the sliding contact portions between the aluminum pieces progress rapidly and there is a problem in terms of durability. Furthermore, sliding contact between the same materials tends to cause fusion. Therefore, in practice, the vanes must be made of iron-based materials, which not only hinders weight reduction, but also requires abandoning the advantage of lower noise due to sliding contact between aluminum pieces.

Conventionally, it has been known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 188089/1989 to form an anodized film on the aluminum rotating sleeve of a rotary compressor, and iron plating was applied to the housing and cam ring of a vane pump made of an aluminum alloy. A method is known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-231184.

An object of the present invention is to provide a vane compressor that can achieve weight reduction and noise reduction while ensuring durability.

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve this, in the present invention, the vanes are made of aluminum, and members such as the front side plate, rear side plate, cylinder, and rotor that are in sliding contact with the vanes are made of aluminum. The surface of the vane was plated with nickel-boron.

[Function] The nickel-holon plating layer, which is mainly made of nickel, prevents premature wear due to sliding contact between aluminum. Furthermore, the sliding contact between the plating layer and the aluminum can achieve the same level of noise reduction as the sliding contact between aluminum pieces.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example in which the present invention is embodied in a variable displacement vane compressor will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

Aluminum side plates 4 and 5 are closely joined to both front and rear ends of an aluminum cylinder 3 housed and fixed in a pair of front and rear housings 1 and 2.
As shown in the figure, an aluminum cylindrical rotor 6 is rotatably supported in a substantially elliptical cylindrical chamber within the cylinder 3 . A plurality of grooves 7 are formed in the radial direction on the circumferential surface of the rotor 6, and vanes 8 are fitted and supported in the grooves 7 so as to be slidable approximately in the radial direction in close contact with both the front and rear side plates 4.5. ing.

An oil separation chamber R is formed between the rear housing 2 and the rear side plate 5, and oil is stored in the lower part of the oil separation chamber R. In the oil pool part, a groove 7 is provided as a supply passage 5a in the rear side plate 5.
through which the stored oil can be supplied to the bottom of the groove 7. As a result, each vane 8 can come into contact with the approximately elliptical inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 3 by the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the rotor 6 and the hydraulic pressure at the bottom of the groove 7, and the cylinder chamber is formed by a plurality of vanes 8. The compression chamber P is divided into sections.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the suction passage 9 on the cylinder 3. ■
0 communicates with the cylinder chamber via an inlet 11, 12, and the outlet chambers 3a, 3b communicate with the cylinder chamber via an outlet 13.14. The discharge ports 13 and 14 are discharge valves 15
．． 16 so that both discharge chambers 3a can be opened.
, 3b is a discharge passage 5 penetrating through the rear side plate 5.
It is connected to the oil separation chamber R via b and 5c. Therefore, the front housing 1 and the front side plate 4
The refrigerant gas introduced into the suction chamber 1a between the
, 10 into the cylinder chamber, and then through the discharge port 1
3. From 14, push out the discharge valves 15 and 16 and open the discharge chamber 3a.
, 3b is discharged to the oil separation chamber R via discharge passages 5b and 5c.

An annular capacity control plate 17 made of aluminum is rotatably interposed between the rotor 6 and the front side plate 4, and a pair of control pressure chambers Sl, 32 are connected via a spool 18 as shown in FIG. Capacity control plate 17 by pressure resistance between
is designed to be rotationally controlled, and a pair of auxiliary passages 17a (only one shown) on the capacity control plate 17 is connected to the suction passage 4.
It is provided to connect a and the cylinder chamber. Therefore, by rotating the capacity control plate 17, the communication period between the compression chamber P and the auxiliary passage 17a is changed, thereby controlling the suction capacity into the cylinder chamber, that is, the capacity discharged into the discharge chambers 3a and 3b. Ru. This control is performed by supplying discharged refrigerant gas to the control pressure chamber S1 and supplying stored oil to the control pressure chamber S2.

The cylinder 3, both site plates 4 and 5, the rotor 6, and the vane 8 in contact with the capacity control plate 17, all made of aluminum, are also made of aluminum, and by making these members entirely aluminum, the compressor becomes lighter. The surface of the aluminum vane 8 is coated with nickel, which is mainly made of nickel.
A plating layer 8a made of boron is applied. The weight proportion of nickel is 94-96%, and the weight proportion of boron is 4-6%.

As the rotor 6 rotates, the vanes 8 revolve at high speed while contacting the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 3, and reciprocate in the groove 7 in the radial direction. The tip of the vane 8 is strongly pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 3 by the back pressure in the groove 7, and slides at high speed. Therefore, a strong sliding action occurs between the tip of the vane 8 and the cylinder 3. This sliding action is caused by the vane 8
The receiver is stopped by the wall surface of the groove 7 through the opening of the vane 8 and the wall surface of the groove 7, and a strong sliding action occurs. However, it is the nickel-boron plating layer 8a that is in direct contact with the aluminum cylinder 3 and rotor 6, and the sliding contact between the plating layer 8a and the aluminum is smooth.

The following table shows the processing method, hardness and baking load for various types of plating. Ni is nickel, P is phosphorus, B is boron, N is nitrogen, W is tungsten, Fe is iron, C is carbon, Co is cobalt, Cr is chromium, and PTFE is poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene.

The inventor of the present application has selected N1-B, Co-W, Co-W-PTFE, and C as wear-resistant materials from the viewpoint of hardness or seizure load.
These wear resistance tests were conducted considering r as a likely factor.

The graph in Figure 4 shows the vane 8 and rotor 6 with a plating layer.
This represents the tendency of wear at the sliding contact area of the vane 8 between the vane 8 and the vane 8.

Curve C1 is N1-B, curve C2 is Co-W-PT
In the case of FE, the curve C3 is for C0-W. In addition,
In the case of Cr, the rotor 6 side wore out, making it unsuitable as a wear-resistant material.

The horizontal axis of the graph is the logarithm of the test time, and the vertical axis represents the amount of wear on the vane 8. The conditions for this test were a low compressor rotation speed of 1100 Orp or less and a high pressure of discharge pressure of 20 kg/ci or more. curve C
2. As is clear from C3, when the plated layer is Co-W and Co-W-PTFE, wear progresses rapidly at an early stage, but when the plated layer is N1-B, wear progresses even after 1000 hours. The amount of wear is very low. In addition, curve C4 is B(
The test results are for plating only boron), which is considerably inferior to N1-B as a wear-resistant material.

In this way, even if the rotor 6 and vane 8 are made of aluminum, the presence of the N1-B plating layer 8a significantly improves the durability with respect to the progression of wear between them. Of course, Vane 8
Similar results can be obtained regarding the degree of wear caused by the sliding action between the cylinder 3 and the cylinder 3.

The sliding contact between the plating layer 8a and aluminum, which improves durability as described above, also causes less noise.

Although there is also a sliding action between the side plates 4, 5 and the capacity control plate 17 and the vane 8, this sliding action is weak because the back pressure acting on the vane 8 does not act between the sliding contact parts. .

The present invention is, of course, not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can also be applied to, for example, a constant capacity vane compressor without a capacity control plate or spool.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, in the present invention, the vane and the members in sliding contact therewith are made of aluminum, and the surface of the aluminum vane is plated with nickel-boron, so that the sliding contact is particularly improved. The progress of wear and noise between the rotor and cylinder, which have strong effects, and the vanes are suppressed, and this has the excellent effect of reducing the weight of the compressor while improving durability and reducing noise.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment embodying the present invention; FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the entire compressor, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. -B line sectional view, FIG. 4 is a graph showing the degree of wear progress. Cylinder 3, sight plates 4, 5, rotor 6, vane 8, plating layer 8a0

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The space between the circumferential surface of a rotor rotatably housed in a cylinder sandwiched between a front side plate and a rear side plate and the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder is divided into a plurality of compression chambers by a plurality of vanes, and the rotor In a vane compressor that suctions, compresses, and discharges refrigerant gas through the rotation of A vane compressor whose surface is plated with nickel-boron.