JPH0416125A - Lighting in mushroom culture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the growth of mushrooms and to enable a uniform coloration thereof while keeping a uniform brightness over the whole culture room by attaching two lines of fluorescent lights to the upper side of each culture shelf of culture shelf units, arranged in many lines, across a passage except both the side culture shelf units and attaching one or two lines of fluorescent lights in both the side culture shelf units. CONSTITUTION:Narrow passages 22a-22f, having about 90cm width are formed on both the sides of a wide passage 21, formed in the middle of a culture room 20 and having 180-200cm width and culture shelf units 23a-23h, respectively composed of shelves vertically arranged in many rows are placed on both the sides of the above-mentioned passages 22a-22f. Two lines of fluorescent lights 33 are attached to the upper side of each shelf of the respective culture shelf units 23, at least except both the side shelf units, and one or two lines of fluorescent lights 33 are attached in both the side culture shelf units 23. The above-mentioned fluorescent lights 33 are subgrouped so that lines of the fluorescent lights of the uppermost shelves 23 may be divided into the first line (A group), the second line (B group), the third line (C group) and the fourth line (D group)... and so that lines of the fluorescent lights of next row culture shelves 23 may be divided into C, A, B, C groups, shifted by one line from those of the upper most shelves. The three subgrouped fluorescent lights are controlled using a timer and alternately lighted in order.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) Unlike the case of enokitake, when artificially cultivating mushrooms such as oyster mushrooms and oyster mushrooms, an appropriate cultivation room is required to suppress and color the mushrooms during their emergence and growth. Requires brightness (about 200 lux).

For this purpose, each mushroom cultivation rack is equipped with a fluorescent lamp as a light source to obtain the necessary brightness.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the arrangement of conventional fluorescent lamps 12. As shown in the figure, one row of fluorescent lights 12 is arranged on the narrow cultivation shelves 10 on both sides, and two rows of fluorescent lights 12 are arranged on each of the wide cultivation shelves 1o on the center side.

(Problem H that the invention seeks to solve) When lighting with fluorescent lamps, instead of leaving the fluorescent lamps on all the time, the necessary brightness is achieved by dividing them into appropriate groups and turning them on alternately and intermittently. I'm trying to get it.

Conventionally, for example, on a wide cultivation shelf, two rows of fluorescent lights were turned on alternately at predetermined time intervals, and on narrow cultivation shelves on both sides, the fluorescent lights were left on all the time, or the fluorescent lights were turned on as appropriate. It was set to blink at certain time intervals.

For this reason, there was a problem in that although the brightness was almost uniform on the central cultivation shelf, the amount of light was uneven on the peripheral cultivation shelves.

In addition, the fluorescent lights are divided into two groups and turned on alternately and intermittently, so in total the fluorescent lights are on for a long period of 12 hours, half of the day. Therefore, there was a problem that power consumption was large.

Therefore, the present invention was made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to maintain almost uniform brightness throughout the cultivation room, and to suppress and color mushrooms evenly. Instead, it is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting method for mushroom cultivation that can shorten the overall lighting time of fluorescent lamps and reduce power consumption.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In the present invention according to the above object, two rows of fluorescent lamps are installed above each cultivation shelf arranged in multiple rows across multiple stages and aisles, at least on the cultivation shelves excluding both sides. , 1 or 2 on the cultivation shelves on both sides
Rows of fluorescent lights are arranged, and the fluorescent lights in each row of fluorescent lights have a lighting range that can illuminate the adjacent cultivation shelves. Every two rows, each row is divided into 3 groups of fluorescent lamps, with 1 group of fluorescent lamps in rows shifted by 1 row, and these 3 groups of fluorescent lamps are controlled by a timer and alternately arranged. It is characterized by being lit.

[Embodiments] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the mushroom cultivation chamber 20. FIG.

A wide passage 21 is arranged in the center of the cultivation room 20, and narrow passages 22a are arranged on both sides of the passage 21, perpendicular to this passage 21.
22b, 22c, 22d, 22e, and 22f are arranged.

The width of the wide passage 21 is approximately 180 cm to 200 cm, which is sufficiently wide. On the other hand, the width of the narrow passage 22 is 90
It is secured to about cm.

On both sides of each narrow passage 22, mushroom cultivation shelves 23a,
23b, 23c, 23d, 23e, 23f, 23g, 2
3h is placed. The cultivation shelf 23 along the wall of the cultivation room 20 is set to be narrow enough to accommodate, for example, containers containing 16 cultivation bottles in a row, and the narrow passage 22
The cultivation shelves 23 in between are set wide so that containers can be arranged in two rows.

24. 24 are entrances and exits formed at both ends of the wide passage 21, and 25 indicates an opening/closing door thereof.

FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the cultivation rack 23.

The cultivation shelf 23 is formed into six stages, and the bottom three stages are used as growing shelves.
The upper three tiers are formed into budding shelves.

It is preferable to hang a shielding cloth 32 made of cold sand on the front surface of the budding shelf, which allows ventilation but can block some light rays.

A fluorescent light 33 is installed on the ceiling of each growing shelf.

As specifically shown in FIG. 3, one row of fluorescent lights 33 is arranged on the narrow cultivation shelf 23, and two rows of fluorescent lights 33 are arranged on the wide cultivation shelf 23.

The fluorescent lamps 33 in each row are not always turned on, but are controlled by a timer so that they are turned on intermittently and alternately.

In the present invention, three groups of fluorescent lamps are turned on alternately.

As shown in Figure 3, the fluorescent lamps 330 are divided into groups by arranging the rows of fluorescent lamps on the top cultivation shelf 23 one row, two rows, and two rows from the edge of the growth room.
If the 3rd column, 4th column, etc., the 1st column is the A group, the 2nd column is the B group, the 3rd column is the 0 group, the 4th column is Al\:..., and so on, A, B. , C order.

The rows of fluorescent lights on the next cultivation shelf 23 are shifted one row at a time relative to the ones on the top row 62, with the first row being group 0, and hereinafter A and B.
, C.

The row of fluorescent lights at the bottom was further shifted horizontally one row at a time.
B, C, A, B, C, A, B, C...

The irradiation range of the fluorescent lamps 33 in each row is arranged so that the light beams reach not only the top of the corresponding cultivation shelf 23 but also the top of the adjacent cultivation shelf 23. In this case, the setting is made so that the light beam reaches at least half the width of the cultivation shelf even on the adjacent cultivation shelf on the far side. Therefore, the light rays reach the adjacent cultivation shelf on the near side over almost its entire width.

In other words, when the width of the cultivation shelf 23 is two rows, the passage 22
If the width is one row, the irradiation range of the fluorescent lamps 33 in each row is set to be at least three and a half rows in each direction.

Next, returning to FIG. 1 again, 26a is a humidifier, which is disposed on the wall surface facing the wide passage 21 of each cultivation shelf 23, and blows humidified air in a direction across the wide passage 21. Humidifier 2
As shown in the figure, it is preferable to arrange the humidified air 6a so that humidified air can be alternately ejected from opposite directions toward the wide passage 21.

Additionally, a humidifier 26b is installed on the wall of the cultivation room at the back of each narrow passage 22.
Place. Humidified air is ejected from this humidifier 26b in the direction in which the narrow passage 22 extends.

27 is a cooler with a blower, which has a wide passage 21 and a narrow passage 2.
It is placed at the top of the intersection of the two
Air can be blown towards 2.

The air blower-equipped cooler 27 may be of a known type, and may have a built-in heat exchanger and a blower fan, and may have, for example, bottom suction and side blowing.

28 is a fin cooler arranged at the upper middle of each narrow passage 22. The fin cooler does not have a built-in blower fan, and cold air is circulated by air from the blower-equipped cooler 27.

29 is an outside air introduction pipe, one end of which opens to the outside of the cultivation room 20, and the other end of which opens in the lower space of the cultivation room 20, such as the space between the bottom shelf of the cultivation rack 23 and the floor surface. ing.

Reference numeral 30 denotes an indoor air discharge pipe, which is disposed at the upper part of the cultivation indoor space on the opposite side to the part where the outside air introduction pipe 29 is disposed, and one end opens to the outside of the cultivation room 20. The end located within the cultivation chamber 20 is closed. In addition, a large number of small holes (not shown) are opened in a portion of the discharge pipe 30 located inside the cultivation chamber 20. 31 is a sirocco fan provided at the open end of the discharge pipe 30.

Cultivation bottles that have been cultured in a separate cultivation room are carried to the sprouting shelf of the cultivation shelf 23, and cultivation bottles that have finished sprouting on the sprouting shelf are carried to the lower growth shelf.

On the growing shelf, the fluorescent lamps divided into groups A, B, and 0 as described above are lit in the order of A, B, and C intermittently under timer control.

FIG. 3 schematically shows the irradiation range of the fluorescent lamps when the fluorescent lamps 33 of group A are turned on. Although the fluorescent lamps on the cultivation shelves 23 in rows 1 and 5 are not turned on in the cultivation shelf 23 at the top, it can be seen that light enters the cultivation shelf from the fluorescent lamps of the adjacent cultivation shelves. Therefore, light enters onto any cultivation shelf 23, and its brightness becomes almost uniform. Depending on the fluorescent lamps you select, the brightness on the cultivation shelves in rows ■ and V may be darker than on the cultivation shelves in other rows, but group A is followed by group B, and then group 0. (Therefore, the bright and dark cultivation shelves are also sequentially lit, and in the end, each cultivation shelf is uniform in terms of the total amount of irradiation for the day.Especially the narrow widths on both sides. Even when looking at the cultivation shelves, the amount of light irradiated per day is approximately the same amount as on the central cultivation shelf, taking into account the light reflected from the wall surface, and the amount of irradiation can be made uniform.

The instantaneous value of the light dose has little effect on mushroom suppression and coloring effects, but the total daily dose is important.

Furthermore, the fluorescent lights lit on each shelf are sequentially shifted by one row. This has the effect of making the brightness of the entire upper and lower shelves, that is, the entire space of the growing shelf, almost uniform.

As mentioned above, since the fluorescent lamp also illuminates the adjacent cultivation shelves, many light rays enter the cultivation bottle obliquely. Moreover, since the group of fluorescent lights that are turned on sequentially moves,
The light rays enter the cultivation bottle at various angles, and the entire mushroom inside the cultivation bottle is uniformly irradiated.

Fluorescent lights are only on for 8 hours, one-third of the day, and power consumption can also be reduced.

It goes without saying that the lighting order may be the A group, the 0 group, and the B group. It can also be applied to cultivation rooms without narrow cultivation shelves on either side.

Since the sprout shelf is shielded with a shielding cloth 32 made of Kanreisho, the light from the fluorescent lamp 33 is attenuated and the occurrence of malformed mushrooms is eliminated.

Humidified air is ejected from the warmer 26a in directions that alternately cross the wide passage 21 from opposite directions, while cold air is distributed from the cooler with an air blower 27 toward the back of the narrow passage 22. This cold air is replenished by a fin cooler 28 disposed midway through the narrow passage 22, and is distributed almost uniformly within the cultivation chamber 23.

Humidified air from the humidifier 26a is ejected toward the side walls of the opposing cultivation racks 23, filling the wide passage 21, and this filled humidified air flows into the narrow passage 2 along with the flow of cold air.
It flows towards the back from the entrance No. 2, and then flows above the cultivation bottles on each shelf. On the other hand, a humidifier 2 is also installed on the back side of the narrow passage 22.
6b is arranged, and humidified air is blown out toward the entrance of the narrow passage 22.
Humidified air is also circulated over the cultivation chamber 20, and the humidity within the cultivation chamber 20 can be maintained uniformly, for example, around 90%.

Humidified air is ejected from the humidifiers 26a placed on both sides of the wide passageway 21 toward the side walls of the opposing cultivation racks 23, but the side walls of the cultivation racks 23 can be closed off with shielding plates.
Humidified air is not blown directly into the cultivation bottle. Furthermore, humidified air is not directly blown out toward the cultivation bottles from the humidifier 26b placed at the back of the narrow passage 22.

Note that since the budding shelf is also blocked by a shielding cloth 32 made of cold sand, the flow of humidified air can be appropriately cut.

Ventilation of indoor air can be suitably carried out by rotating the sirocco fan 31, as fresh outside air is introduced from the introduction pipe 29 and indoor air is discharged from the exhaust pipe 30.

In the above embodiment, in order to equalize the indoor temperature and humidity,
Although the passages 21 and 22, the humidifier 26, and the coolers 27 and 28 are arranged in the above example, it is needless to say that the arrangement is not necessarily limited to this.

Although various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. be.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the total amount of light irradiation on each cultivation rack can be made uniform, and suppression and coloring can be uniformly performed, and power consumption can also be reduced. It is effective in saving money.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a plan view showing an example of a cultivation room, Figure 2 is a side view of a cultivation shelf, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the irradiation range of fluorescent lights, and Figure 4
The figure is an explanatory diagram of an example of arrangement of fluorescent lights on a cultivation shelf. 20...Cultivation room, 23...Cultivation shelf, 33...Fluorescent light. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Above each cultivation shelf arranged in multiple rows across multiple stages and aisles, at least two rows of fluorescent lights are installed on the cultivation shelves excluding both sides, and one or two rows of fluorescent lights are installed on the cultivation shelves on both sides. The fluorescent lamps in each row of fluorescent lamps should have an irradiation range that can also illuminate the adjacent cultivation shelves, and the rows of fluorescent lamps should be arranged every two rows on the same level. Each stage is divided into three groups of fluorescent lamps, one group being the fluorescent lamps in the rows shifted one by one, and these three groups of fluorescent lamps are controlled by a timer and turned on alternately in sequence. A lighting method for mushroom cultivation characterized by: