JPH04166895A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the required number of channels, and reduce impure sounds in a chord by storing a series of pitch information for each pitch, detecting a common pitch information when plural pitches are designated, to output a musical sound signal. CONSTITUTION:A keyboard 1 and a tone-color designation setting unit 2 are connected to a control unit 3, and a key code KC and a touch information TOUCH which respond to keyboard-touch are inputted from the keyboard 1 to the control unit 3. A harmonic overtone table OVTBL 4 has memory regions corresponding to respective pitches capable of being designated from the keyboard 1 of this electronic musical instrument. When a key of a certain key code is touched, eight preset overtone key codes are obtained by referring to the overtone table OVTBL 4 which corresponds to the key code. Then, the value of element of data buffer OVBUF 5 which corresponds to the overtone key code is increased. Thus, a resonance sound can be pronounced by a small number of channels, and impute sounds in a chord are reduced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that can obtain a more realistic sound that is closer to that of a natural musical instrument, and particularly to an electronic musical instrument that can obtain a resonance effect similar to that of a natural musical instrument. Regarding.

[Prior art] Conventionally, in order to obtain musical sounds closer to realistic natural instruments,
For example, there has been an electronic musical instrument that simultaneously generates a resonance tone of a predetermined pitch corresponding to the pitch of a musical tone being produced. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-91393 discloses an electronic musical instrument that produces a resonance sound corresponding to the pitch of a sound generated by pressing a key at a low volume level and with a long release time. With such electronic musical instruments, for example, the original specified pitch (
If the pressed key) is key C4, then its 1/4.1/3°1/2
．． 2. 3.4. As resonance pitch data of 5.6.8 times the frequency, C2, F2. C3, C5°G5. C6
, E6. G6. Data indicating each pitch of C7 is generated, and resonance sounds of these pitches are generated.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Incidentally, in the electronic musical instrument as described above, each key press simply generates a resonant sound of a predetermined pitch corresponding to that key press. When a key is pressed, a plurality of channels are assigned to each key pressed independently, and resonance sounds are generated independently.

Therefore, the number of required sound generation channels increases.

In addition, when multiple keys are pressed, as long as the channel is empty, resonances corresponding to the keys pressed will be generated, and these resonances will be generated independently and without limit, resulting in the problem that chords tend to become muddy. there were.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument that reduces the number of required channels and that does not muddy chords.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a pitch specifying means for specifying the pitch of a musical tone, and a pitch specifying means for specifying the pitch of each pitch that can be specified by the pitch specifying means. a storage means for storing a series of pitch information according to pitch, and a series of pitch information stored for each designated pitch when a plurality of pitches are designated by the pitch designation means; a detection means for detecting common pitch information among the above, and a musical tone signal having a pitch specified by the pitch specifying means, and a musical tone signal having a pitch of the common pitch information detected by the detection means; and musical tone signal output means for outputting.

The detection means also detects a common frequency among a series of pitch information for each of a plurality of specified pitches, and the musical tone signal output means outputs the common frequency from the musical tone signal of the pitch of the common pitch information. The output may be provided with characteristics (for example, volume, etc.) depending on the situation.

[Function] According to such a configuration, the operator specifies the pitch of the musical tone to be generated by the pitch specifying means using, for example, a keyboard. A musical tone signal of the specified pitch is outputted by the musical tone signal output means and is sounded. On the other hand, for each pitch that can be specified by the pitch specifying means, a series of pitch information corresponding to the pitch is stored in the storage means. If a plurality of pitches are specified, the detecting means refers to a series of pitch information stored for each of the specified pitches and finds a common pitch. Musical tones having pitches of common pitch information are produced by the musical tone signal output means.

As a result, a series of pitch information that can be a resonance sound is stored for each pitch, and when multiple pitches are specified, a resonance sound with common pitch information among these resonance sounds is stored. You can actually pronounce it.

Furthermore, when detecting common pitch information among a series of pitch information, a common frequency is also detected, and according to the frequency, a musical tone having a pitch of common pitch information is assigned a predetermined characteristic, for example, a predetermined volume. You may also choose to pronounce it as

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail using the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic musical instrument shown in this figure has a keyboard 1 and a tone color designation setting section 2. These are connected to the control section 3 , and key codes KC and touch information TOUCH corresponding to key presses are input from the keyboard 1 to the control section 3 . The control section 3 has a MIDI interface. The control section 3 has an internal overtone table 0VTBL and a data buffer 0VBUF. Specifically, the control unit 3 includes a central processing unit (CPU) and a random access memory (RAM).
), etc., and operates according to a flowchart as explained later. The control section 3 outputs a musical tone signal of the key code KC specified by the pressed keys on the keyboard 1 and a musical tone signal of the resonance tone. This output is the sound source system 6 for the key press sound.
and is input to a sound source system 7 for resonance sound. The sound source system 6 for key pressed sounds has n sound generation channels 6-1 internally.
゜6-2. ...86-n. Further, the sound source system 7 for resonance sound has m sound generation channels 7-1.
..., has 7-m. These sound source systems 6.7
The output signal from the mixer 8 is input to the mixer 8, and is further outputted as a musical tone via a sound system or the like.

Next, the basic configuration of one sound generation channel in the sound source system will be explained with reference to FIG.

Each channel in the sound source system 6-1. ..., 6-n
, 7-1. . . , 7-m are each configured like the channel 10 in FIG. One channel 10 includes a waveform generating section 11 that generates a waveform of a musical tone signal, an amplitude control signal generating section 12 that generates an amplitude control signal for controlling the amplitude of the musical tone signal, and an amplitude control of the output waveform from the waveform generating section 11. It includes an integrator 13 that shapes with the amplitude control signal from the signal generator 12, and the like. The waveform generator 11 generates pitch information (key code) PITCH and tone information TON.
E is input and waveform generation is performed based on these.

The key-on signal KON is input to a waveform generating section 11 and an amplitude control signal generating section 12. Furthermore, touch information TOUC
H, volume information VOL and envelope generator parameter EGPAR are each output from the amplitude control signal generator 1.
2, and the amplitude control signal generating section 12 generates an amplitude control signal based on these input signals.

Next, the overtone table and data buffer inside the control section 3 will be explained.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the overtone table 0VTBL. The overtone table 0VTBL has 128 storage areas corresponding to each pitch (ie, key code) that can be specified from the keyboard 1 of this electronic musical instrument. Each storage area is sequentially 0VTBLO, 0VTBL], -, 0VTBL
It's called 127.

One storage area 0vTBL corresponding to one key code
i (i=0-127) has eight storage areas. Here, note name CI (key code KC-36) and note name El
Eight storage areas corresponding to (key code KC-40) are illustrated. The eight storage areas corresponding to pitch name C1 are 0V.
They are called TCI-1, . . . , 0VTC1-8. Similarly,
The eight storage areas corresponding to pitch name E1 are 0VTEI-1,
-=, called 0VTE1-8. -Key code K inside the membrane
The eight storage areas corresponding to C are 0VTKC-1,...
, OVTKC-8.

In these storage areas 0VTKC-1, -, 0VTKC-8, eight overtone key codes having overtone relationships with the key code KC are selected and set. For example, 0VTCI-1, ., 0VTC1-8 corresponding to pitch name C1 contains the following first
A key code is set that has a harmonic relationship with the pitch name C1 as shown in the table.

Similarly, QVTEI-1, . . . corresponding to pitch name E1.

0VTEI-8 has the pitch name E as shown in Table 2 below.
A key code is set that has an overtone relationship with 1. These eight key codes are key codes of a series of musical tones that may become resonance tones when the sound generation of key code KC is specified.

Table 1 Table 2 FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of the data buffer 0VBUF.

The data buffer 0VBUF has 128 elements corresponding to each pitch that can be produced by this electronic musical instrument.

Each element is 0VBUFO in turn.

It is called 0VBUFI, -, 0VBUF127. The initial values are all "0". When a key with a certain key code is pressed, the overtone table corresponding to that key code is 0V.
Refer to the TBL and obtain the 8 set overtone key codes. Then, the value of the element of the data buffer 0VBUF corresponding to the overtone key code is incremented.

Conversely, when the key is released, it is decremented.

Next, the operation of the control section 3 of this electronic musical instrument will be explained with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

FIG. 5 shows the main routine of the control section 3 of this electronic musical instrument. When the operation of the control unit 3 starts, first step S1
Initialize registers, tables, etc. with . Key codes related to overtones corresponding to each key code as described above are set in the overtone table 0VTBL. All 128 elements of data buffer 0VBUF are cleared to zero. After step S1, key press detection sound generation processing is performed in step S2, and once this processing is completed, step S2 is performed again.
Return to step 2 and repeat.

Next, key press detection sound generation processing will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In key press detection pronunciation processing,
First, in step Sll, a key event of key depression (key on) or key release (key off) is detected. Next, step S1
In step 2, it is determined whether or not there is a key event. If there is no key event, return; if there is a key event, proceed to step 813.

In step 813, eight overtone key codes 0VTKC-1 to 0VTKC-8 of the overtone table 0VTBL corresponding to the key code KC with a key event are read out. next,
In step 514, it is determined whether the key event is a key-on event, and if it is a key-on event, step S
If not, the process proceeds to step S21.

In the case of a key-on event, eight elements of the data buffer 0VBUF corresponding to the eight overtone key codes 0VTKC-1 to 0VTKC-8 are incremented (+1) in step S15. Then, in step S16, the key code KC (key press sound) corresponding to the key-on is generated. Also,
In step S17, the data buffer 0VBUF is referred to, and an element of 0VBUF that newly becomes "2" or more is detected,
Produces the sound of the corresponding key code as a resonance sound.

Further, when the 0VBUF element is "3" or more, only the volume of the sound of the corresponding key code is changed. Then return.

If it is determined in step S14 that it is not a key-on event, it is determined in step S21 whether or not it is a key-off event. If it is a key-off event, the process advances to step S22; otherwise, the process returns.

In the case of a key-off event, key-off processing is performed on the sound of the key code KC that was keyed off in step S22. Next, in step 823, it is determined whether there are any other keys pressed after the key is turned off. If there is a key that is still pressed, eight harmonic key codes 0VTKC-1 to 0 are input in step S24.
8 of data buffer 0VBUF corresponding to VTKC-8
Decrement (-1) one element.

Then, in step S26, the data buffer 0vBUF is referred to, and an element of 0vBUF that has newly become "1" or less is detected, and the resonance tone of the corresponding key code (sounded as a resonance tone) is keyed off. Further, when the 0VBUF element is "2" or more, only the volume of the sound of the corresponding key code is changed according to the value. Then return.

If there is no other key pressed in step 823, this means that there is no pressed key among all the keys, so in step S25 the data buffer 0VBUF is cleared to zero, and the process proceeds to step S26.

The above processing will be explained using the example shown in FIG. First, assume that the key with pitch name C1 is pressed while all keys are turned off. At this time, the control unit 3 reads out eight overtone key codes 0VTC1-1 to 0VTC1-8 of the 0VTBL36 based on the key code KC=36 of the pitch name C1 (step 813). Since this value is the value of the key code shown in Figure 3 (Table 1), the overtone key code 0VT
Eight elements of data buffer corresponding to C1-1 to 0VTCI-8 0VBUF60, 0VBUF64,...
0VBUF82 is incremented (step 51
5). As a result, the eight elements of these data buffers 0VBUF60, 0VBUF64 . ..., 0VBU
The value of F82 is "1". In this state, there are no elements of the data buffer that are equal to or greater than "2", so no resonance is generated (step 517).

Next, suppose that the key with the pitch name E1 is pressed while the key with the pitch name C1 continues to be pressed. At this time, the control section 3 controls the pitch name E1.
The eight overtone key codes 0VTE1-1 to 0VTE1-8 of 0VTBL40 are read out based on the key code KC=40 (step 813). Since these values are the key code values shown in Figure 3 (Table 2), the eight elements of the data buffer corresponding to the overtone key codes 0VTE1-1 to 0VTEI-8 are 0VBUF64, 0VBUF68°.
..., 0VBUF86 is incremented (step 515). As a result, 0VTCI-1 to 0VTCI
What is common between the -8 key code and the 0VTEI-1 to 0VTEI-8 key codes: pitch name E3 (key code = 64), pitch name D4 (key code = 74), and pitch name A#4 (key code -82) elements of the data buffer corresponding to 0VBUF64, 0VBUF74 and 0V
The value of BUF82 becomes "2". The sounds of these key codes are then produced as resonance sounds in step S17.

According to the above embodiment, by referring to the overtone key code (key code that may be pronounced as a resonance tone) in the overtone table corresponding to the key code where the key was pressed, Since the key code is detected and generated as a resonance tone, the resonance tone can be generated with a small number of channels, and the chords are less muddy. Furthermore, since the volume of the resonance sound is changed according to the common number (the volume is increased as the common number is larger), a more natural resonance sound can be obtained.

Note that in addition to the pitch information of the resonance sound, specification information such as the volume and timbre at the time of generation may be set in the overtone table 0VTBL, and this information may be used to change the characteristics of the resonance sound. . Further, in the key-off processing, resonance tones having a common number of "1" or less are keyed off (step 526), but the resonance tones may continue to be produced until rOJ is reached. In particular, in electronic instruments that imitate the sound of a pipe organ, the common number is "0".
It is preferable to continue producing the resonance sound until .

At this time, control may be performed to lower the volume of the resonance sound in accordance with the decrease in the common number.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the sound source for producing the key-press sound and the sound source for producing the resonance sound are separate, but channel assignment processing for the key-press sound and the resonance sound is performed appropriately, and an integrated sound source is used. It may be configured as follows.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, a series of pitch information (for example, pitches that can become resonance sounds) is stored for each pitch that can be specified, and a plurality of pitches can be specified. Since the system detects common pitch information among a series of corresponding pitch information and outputs musical tone signals when I have little to give. Further, by changing characteristics such as volume and timbre according to the common frequency, it is possible to produce more natural musical tones.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a basic configuration diagram of one sound generation channel in the sound source system of the electronic musical instrument of FIG. 1, and FIG. The conceptual diagram of the overtone table 0VTBL, Figure 4, is the data buffer 0VB.
A conceptual diagram of the UF, FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the main routine of the control section of this electronic musical instrument, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the key press detection sound generation processing routine of the control section of this electronic musical instrument. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Keyboard, 2...Tone color specification setting section, 3...Control section, 6...Sound source system for pressed key sound 6.7...Sound source system for resonance sound, 6-1. ..., 6-n, 7-1.・
..., 7-m, 10... Sound generation channel, 8... Mixer, 11... Waveform generator, 12... Amplitude control signal generator, 13... Integrator, 0VTBL... Overtone Table, 0VBUF...data buffer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) a pitch specifying means for specifying the pitch of a musical tone; a storage means for storing a series of pitch information corresponding to each pitch that can be specified by the pitch specifying means; detecting means for detecting common pitch information from a series of pitch information stored for each of the specified pitches when a plurality of pitches are specified by the pitch specification means; An electronic device characterized by comprising musical tone signal output means for outputting a musical tone signal having a pitch specified by the specifying means and a musical tone signal having a pitch of common pitch information detected by the detecting means. musical instrument.