JPH04169330A - clutch switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce power consumption as well as the generation of erronous operation by operating a shifter of a clutch by the driving power of a motor through a wire, so as to facilitate the automatic control of the switching of the clutch, and by letting current flow in the motor only at the time of starting the operation of the shifter. CONSTITUTION:A switching device 70 of a ball clutch 55 is formed by connecting a slider which is linearly moved by a motor 71 provided on the inside of a rear wheel fender 67, to an arm 74 interlocking with a shifter, through a wire 75. When a relay switch 84 is operated in a P2 side, a circuit is closed and the motor 71 is started, and the slider is moved in a fixed direction through a minus plate 88. When the relay switch 84 is operated in a P1 side, the motor 71 is started, and the slider 72 is moved in the reverse direction. When the minus plate 88 is rotated by 360 deg., it is returned to the initial state, and the motor 71 as well as the slider 72 are thus stopped.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a clutch switching device provided in a traveling vehicle such as a tractor.

[Prior art] Four-wheel drive tractors generally drive the four wheels during normal work, and only drive the rear wheels when driving on the road or moving in the field. Conventionally, when switching the drive mode, a clutch provided on the front wheel drive shaft was manually controlled to be turned on and off.

[Problem 8 to be solved by the invention] By the way, in relatively hard fields such as uncultivated land, the four wheel metal parts are driven during work, but it is better to drive only the rear wheels when turning, which makes turning smoother. can be done. Therefore,
It is conceivable that a tractor would be equipped with an auto mode that automatically switches from 4-wheel drive to 2-wheel drive in conjunction with operations when turning - for example, steering wheel operation or brake operation. In the manual operation method, control in the auto mode is difficult.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the present invention proposes a clutch switching device suitable for automatically controlling clutch switching.

That is, the clutch switching device according to the present invention is a clutch switching device that controls on/off of the drive shaft of a traveling vehicle, and is configured to switch the clutch using the power of a motor via a wire. The electric circuit for controlling the motor is configured so that current flows through the motor only when the driver starts operating, and no current flows through the motor when the operation stops.

[Function] An electrically controlled motor is used as the drive source, and the driving force of this motor is used to switch the clutch via a wire, so automatic control of clutch switching is easy.

In addition, the electric circuit for motor control is configured so that current flows to the motor only when the clutch switching chic starts operating, and no current flows to the motor when it stops operating.
It is safe because it has little electrical loss and can prevent malfunctions due to electrical leakage.

[Example] Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a tractor in use. This tractor is a four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with a pair of left and right front wheels 2, 2 and a rear wheel 3. In the figure, a plow 6 is attached to a 3P link device 5 provided at the rear of the aircraft. Note that the 3P link device M5 has one 7-, a link 8, and a pair of left and right lower links 9, 9, and a connecting frame 10 on the plow side is attached to the rear ends of these links 8, 9. ing. The tip of the drive arm 13.13 driven by the hydraulic cylinder 12 and the middle part of the lower links 9, 9 are connected by connecting rods 14, 14, and the drive arm 13.
．． By rotating the plow 13 up and down, the plow 6, which is a working part, is raised and lowered.

The tractor 1 is provided with an engine 16 at the front and a transmission case 17 at the rear. FIG. 7 is a partially expanded cross-sectional view of the mission case 17. Inside the mission case, there are an input shaft 20, a counter shaft 21. First to third gear attachment shafts 22, 23, 24, idle shaft 25, first and second rear wheel drive shafts 26, 27, P
A TO shaft 28 and a front wheel drive shaft 29 are supported in parallel.

In addition, 1. The second gear attachment shafts 22.23 are not rotatable with respect to each other, and the second and third gear attachment shafts 23.24 are rotatable with respect to each other. In addition, the first and second rear wheel drive shafts 26.2
7 are rotatable with respect to each other.

A gear 30 on the input shaft and a gear 31 on the counter shaft are in mesh with each other, and the engine output input to the input shaft 20 is transmitted to the counter shaft 21. A gear 32 on the counter shaft and a back idle gear 33 on the idle shaft mesh with each other. The first gear mounting shaft 22 has a front gear 34 and a rear gear 35.
are attached in a non-rotatable but slidable manner, and by sliding these gears along the axis using the chic 36, the forward and backward speeds are switched.When the gear 31 and the front gear 34 are engaged, the forward speed is set, and the reverse speed is set. Idle gear 33 and rear gear 35
When engaged, it becomes reverse speed.

Further, the gear 31 also meshes with a gear 37 on the PTO shaft, and power is transmitted from the counter shaft 21 to the PTO shaft 28.

The second gear attachment shaft 23 and the first rear wheel drive shaft 26 have main transmission gears 38 (1 to 4) corresponding to each other.

39 (1 to 4) are attached respectively.

By sliding the gears 39 (1 to 4) along the first rear wheel drive shaft 26 with the shifters 40 (a, b) and changing the combination of gears to be engaged, the main speed is shifted from 1st to 4th speed. Do the following.

Further, a sub-transmission gear 42 (H
, L), and an auxiliary transmission gear 44 (H.

L) is attached, and a shifter 45 is used to switch between high-speed transmission and low-speed transmission. The rotational power of the first rear transmission wheel 26 is once transmitted to the mantle shaft 43 via the auxiliary transmission mechanism, and from the mantle shaft to the second rear wheel drive shaft 27 via gears 47 and 48. 49 inside is a differential device.

Further, power is transmitted from the mantle shaft 43 to the front wheel drive shaft 29 via gears 53 and 54, and a pole clutch 55 is provided at this portion to switch the transmission on and off. As shown in FIG. 8, the pawl clutch 55 includes a plurality of pawls 57. . . . and a recess 58 into which the inner hemispheres of these poles fit. ..., and has a primary side member 59 that is fitted into the gear 54 and is rotatable with respect to the front wheel drive shaft 29, and has a hole 60 into which the pawls 57, ... are fitted, and the front wheel drive shaft 29. and a secondary side member 61 non-rotatably attached to the ball 57, by operating the shifter 62.
... in the recessed portion 58. . . , so as to interrupt the power transmission from the secondary side member 59 to the secondary side member 61. As shown in FIG. 8(a), the shifter 62 is normally pushed to the left in the figure by the force of the spring 64, and the pawls 57, . . .・・・
, the power is transmitted from the negative side member 59 to the secondary side member 60, and the front wheel drive shaft 29 is driven. Also,
As shown in FIG. 8(b), when the shifter 62 is moved to the right in the figure, the ball 57. ... fits into the recess 62a of the shifter, so the recess 58. ..., and the drive of the front wheel drive shaft 29 is stopped.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the switching device [70] of the pole clutch 55 has a motor 71 provided inside the rear wheel fender 67, and a slider 72 and a shifter 62 that are linearly moved by the motor. Interlocking arm 74
are connected by a wire 75. As shown in the exploded view of FIG. 3, a worm wheel 78 meshes with a worm gear 77 attached to an output shaft 71a of a motor 71, and a roller 79 eccentrically provided on the end surface of the worm wheel is attached to a groove-shaped roller 79 fixed to a slider 72. It is slidably fitted into the rail 80 of. As the motor 71 rotates, the roller 7
9 makes a circumferential motion on the horizontal plane in the figure, so the slider 72 that engages the roller with the rail 80 moves on the rail 80.
A straight line M movement is performed in the direction orthogonal to the direction.

FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram for controlling the motor, in which 82 is a mode changeover switch provided on the dash board, and 83 is an auto switch attached to the motor 71.

84 is a relay switch. In addition, auto switch 8
3 is equipped with a positive contact plate (plus plate) 87 connected to a power supply 86 through a V terminal, and a negative contact plate (minus plate) 88 connected to ground, and when the motor 71 rotates, the negative plate 88 changes accordingly. It is adapted to rotate along a plus plate 87. A P terminal and a P2 terminal are respectively provided at appropriate positions on the plus plate 87 to make elastic contact. The operation will be explained below based on the explanatory diagram of FIG.

FIG. 4A shows a stopped state, in which the P2 side of the relay switch 84 is open and no current is applied, and the slider 72 is stopped at the Pll side auto-stop jlA. When the relay switch 84 is operated toward P2, 1
The circuit is closed, current flows to the motor 71, and the motor is started (FIG. 2(b)).

Along with this, the minus plate 88 rotates and the slider 72 moves in a predetermined direction (see Fig.
)) When the negative plate 88 rotates 1800 times, the P2 terminal rides on the negative plate 88, opening the circuit, stopping the motor 71, and
The movement of the slider 72 also stops (FIG. 2(d)), and at this time the slider 72 is located at the P2 side auto-stop position B. In this state, when Relay ZE 2,84 is operated to the P side, the motor 71 starts and the slider 72 starts moving in the opposite direction (F!4 (e), (
f) ).

When the minus plate 88 rotates 360 degrees, it enters the initial state and the motor 71 and slider 72 stop.

In this way, the motor 71 is activated only at the start of mode switching operation.
Since the structure is such that current flows through the motor 71 and no current flows through the motor 71 when the operation is stopped, it is economical because it consumes less power, and it is safe because there is less risk of malfunction due to electric leakage or the like.

The stroke L of the slider 72 is set corresponding to the operating range of the shifter 62, and when the slider 72 moves from the auto-stop position HA to the auto-stop position HA, the wire 75 is pulled and the shifter 62 moves from the 8111(a) position. It is moved to the position shown in FIG. Furthermore, when the slider 72 moves from B to A, the tension on the wire 75 is released, and the shifter 62 returns to its original position due to the repulsive force of the spring 64.

When the mode switch 7o is set to r2WDJ, the pole clutch 55 is disengaged, resulting in a 2WD mode in which only the rear wheels 3.3 are driven. When set to r4WDJ, the pole clutch 55 becomes human and the four wheel metal parts are driven, resulting in a 4WD mode. Also, "If you match it with AUTOJ, it will always be 4.
The wheel metal part is driven, but the drive of the front wheels 2, 2 is stopped in conjunction with the operation of the steering handle 69, resulting in an auto mode. The vehicle is set to 2WD mode when traveling on the road or in the field, and is set to 4WD mode when a large amount of propulsion is required, such as when working or climbing steep slopes. Also, when the field is uncultivated, such as when plowing or plowing with a plow or rotary, the automatic mode is set. When set to auto mode, the machine is in 4WD mode while working, but automatically switches to 2WD mode when turning, allowing smooth turns without disturbing the field with the front wheels.

Compared to a gear clutch or a pawl clutch, a pole clutch requires less operating force for switching, so it has the advantage of being able to perform switching operations smoothly. This makes it possible to perform switching operations using a motor, making electrical control easier. Furthermore, the overall configuration is simpler and cheaper than when a hydraulic clutch is used. Furthermore, by configuring the shifter to be driven via a wire, the installation location of the motor can be set arbitrarily. The inner part of the fender 67 is not easily affected by vibration or heat, and there is no risk of being covered with mud or water, so it is a convenient location for installing the motor.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the clutch switching device according to the present invention operates the clutch shifter via the wire using the driving force of the motor, so that the clutch switching can be automatically controlled. This makes it easy to install the motor at an appropriate location on the vehicle. In addition, the electric circuit for motor control is configured so that current flows to the motor only when the shifter starts operating, and no current flows to the motor when the shifter stops operating, so power consumption is low and malfunctions are less likely to occur. It has become a thing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side view of the main parts of a tractor showing one embodiment of the clutch switching device, Fig. 2 is its front view, Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the main parts of the switching device, and Fig. 4 is an electric circuit diagram. , Figure 5 (a
) to (f) are explanatory diagrams of the operation, Fig. 6 is a side view of the tractor, Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the Mi-2 construction case, and Figs. 8 (a) and (b). 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views showing mutually different states of the pole clutch. ■...Tractor, 2...Front wheel, 3...Rear wheel, 16
...Engine, 17...Mission case, 29.
...Front wheel drive shaft, 55...Pole clutch, 62...
・Shifter, 71...Motor, 70...Switching device, 7
2...Slider, 75...Wire, 77...Fender, 82...Mode selection switch, 83...Auto switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A clutch switching device that controls the on/off of the drive shaft of a traveling vehicle, in which the clutch is switched using the power of the motor via a wire, and the motor is switched only when the clutch switching shifter starts operating. A clutch switching device characterized in that an electric circuit for controlling a motor is configured so that current flows through the motor and no current flows through the motor when the motor is stopped.