JPH04189372A - Sprinkler firefighting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the delay of a firefighting operation by constituting the equipment so that the piping to a sprinkler head is filled with an extinguishing liquid by a small flow rate liquid feeding device at the time when an opening valve is closed. CONSTITUTION:In a watch district, a fire sensor 1, a sprinkler head 4 of a closed type, and an opening valve 6 for always setting a primary side 8 and a secondary side 7 to a closed state, and which is set to an open state by detecting a fire phenomenon by the fire sensor 1 are provided, a primary side piping 45 of the opening valve, and a secondary side piping 5 are connected to an extinguishing liquid supply means 13 and the sprinkler head 4, respectively, and a small flow rate liquid feeding device A for bypassing a primary side 8 and a secondary side 7 of the opening valve 6 is provided. Also, the small flow rate liquid feeding device A is constituted of an orifice 24 or small hole 36 or a duct line of a small diameter. Also, the small flow rate liquid feeding device A is constituted of a relief valve 37 having a pressure governing function which can reduce and prepare pressure of a secondary side 7, based on a pressure liquid of a primary side 8 of the opening valve 6. In such a way, simultaneously with an opening operation of the sprinkler head, the fire extinguishing liquid is discharged, and a delay of the firefighting operation can be eliminated.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention relates to sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment.

(Conventional technology) Sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment has traditionally been of closed type, open type,
Various systems such as closed wet type and dry type are used.

Conventionally, in closed sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, pressurized fire extinguishing liquid is always filled up to the end of the closed sprinkler head installed in each warning area, and water can be sprayed at the same time as a fire is detected. This is the most common equipment used in buildings, etc.

In closed sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, a large amount of extinguishing liquid will be released due to damage to the sprinkler head, etc.
In addition to the sprinkler head, a fire detector is installed, and when the fire detector is activated due to a fire, the sprinkler head is filled with extinguishing liquid, and when the sprinkler head is activated, water is sprayed. There is fire extinguishing equipment.

In this pre-activation system, the air inside the pipe to the sprinkler head is slightly pressurized, so fire extinguishing fluid will not be released if the sprinkler head breaks or malfunctions.

Therefore, they are installed in places such as department stores where water damage is extremely difficult except in the event of a fire.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In a closed sprinkler fire extinguishing system, pressurized extinguishing liquid is always filled up to the end of the piping, so it is possible to release the extinguishing liquid at the same time as the sprinkler head operates when a fire is detected. It has the characteristic of being.

However, if the sprinkler head opens due to an accident such as being hit by an object, pressurized fire extinguishing fluid is released and the pressurization device is activated to confirm that there is no fire and then stop the pump. Until then, watering will continue, which could lead to major water damage.

On the other hand, in pre-activation sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, extinguishing liquid is released only when a fire detector detects a fire and a closed sprinkler head is activated, that is, according to the AND condition of the fire detector and the sprinkler head. Since the pipes are normally filled with pressurized air, even if a closed sprinkler head is opened due to an impact, it will not cause a water damage accident.

However, this requires a compressor, etc. to pressurize the secondary piping to which the closed sprinkler head is connected, making the entire equipment complex and expensive. There is a problem in that there is a delay before the fire extinguishing liquid starts to be released normally because the air is released.

This invention was proposed to solve various problems of conventional sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, and includes:
To provide sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment which can discharge fire extinguishing liquid together with the operation of a sprinkler head, can suppress water damage accidents even when a closed type sprinkler head opens due to an impact, and has a simple equipment configuration and is inexpensive.

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a fire detector 1, a closed type sprinkler head 4, a primary side 8 and a secondary side 7 in a closed state at all times in a restricted area. A release valve 6 is provided which is brought into an open state upon detection of a phenomenon, and the primary side piping 4 of the release valve 6 is
5 is connected to the extinguishing liquid supply means 13, the secondary side pipe 5 is connected to the sprinkler head 4, and a small flow liquid passage device A is provided that bypasses the primary side 8 and the secondary side 7 of the release valve 6. There is.

The small flow rate liquid passing device A has the orifice 24 or the small hole 3.
6 or small diameter pipes.

In addition, the small flow rate liquid passage device A is constituted by, for example, a pressure regulating valve 37 having a pressure regulating function that can reduce and adjust the pressure on the secondary side 7 to a predetermined pressure based on the pressure liquid on the next side 8 of the open valve 6. be able to.

(Function) When the release valve 6 is closed, the pipes up to the sprinkler head 4 are filled with fire extinguishing fluid by the small flow fluid passage device A, so the fire extinguishing fluid is released at the same time as the opening operation of the sprinkler head 4. , there is no delay in fire extinguishing action.

There is no longer a need for a compressor to constantly pressurize the piping with air, reducing equipment costs.

Since the small flow rate liquid passage device A is constituted by the orifice 24 or the small hole 36 or the small diameter pipe line or the pressure regulating valve 37,
When the sprinkler head 4 opens due to an impact or the like, only a small amount of extinguishing liquid is released, and large water damage accidents that occur in conventional closed sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment can be prevented.

In the case where the small flow liquid passage device A is configured by, for example, a pressure regulating valve 37 that can adjust the hydraulic pressure of the pressure liquid on the secondary side 7 to a predetermined pressure based on the pressure liquid on the primary side 8 of the open valve 6, Since the high pressure on the primary side 8 does not directly act on the piping and valves on the secondary side 7 of the valve 6, there is no burden on the equipment.
Effective in terms of durability.

(Example) Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment.

Fire detectors such as differential type and constant temperature type installed in the warning area 1
is connected to the receiver board 3 via the electric line 2.

Similar to the fire detector 1, a closed sprinkler head 4 installed on the ceiling of the restricted area is connected to a secondary side 7 of an open valve 6 via a secondary pipe 5.

The primary side 8 of the open valve 6 is connected to a pressurized liquid feeding device 13 as a fire extinguishing liquid supply means, and is connected to the receiving panel 3 by a gate valve 9, a pump 10, and an electric line 11 shown in the figure. In addition to the motor 12 and the like, the pressurized liquid feeding device 13 includes a normal check valve, a pressurized air tank, etc. (not shown).

The -φζ side 8 and the secondary side 7 of the open valve 6 are valve seats 14a, 14b provided double-sided, inside and outside, and these valve seats 14a, 14.
b is partitioned by a valve body 15 that opens and closes, and a valve seat 14 a.
A signal water entry chamber 51 is formed by the valve seat 14b and the valve box 16.
An operation chamber 17 is formed by the valve body 15 and the spring 1
The valve element 15, which is urged to close the valve seat 14 at step 8, has a horn 1 for introducing -+'1++ of the hydraulic pressure on the primary side 8.
Hole 19 is open.

The operation chamber 17 communicates with an operation valve 22 that is opened and closed by an electric part 21 such as a motor or solenoid connected to the receiver panel 3 through an electric line 20 .

A bypass pipe 23 provided to bypass the primary side 8 and secondary side 7 of the open valve 6 is provided with an orifice 24 as a first embodiment for a small flow rate liquid passage device which is the main component of the present invention.
is interposed.

The piping 25 connected to the signal water entry chamber 51 detects the opening of the release valve 6 and notifies the receiving board 3 of this via the electric line 26.
A pressure switch 27a is provided to activate the pressurized liquid feeding device 13 by using the receiver panel 3, and the drain pipe 2 is supplied through the orifice 28.
9 is connected to this piping 25 and the secondary side of the operating valve 22.

The secondary side piping 5 is also provided with a pressure switch 27b that outputs an abnormal signal to the receiver panel 3 when the pressure on the secondary side is abnormally reduced.

A secondary pipe 5 to which the sprinkler head 4 is connected is connected to a drain pipe 32 via a gate valve 31.

The hydraulic pressure on the primary side 8 of the open valve 6 is detected by a pressure gauge 133, and the hydraulic pressure in the secondary side piping 5 is detected by a pressure gauge 34.

Next, the operation in the above embodiment will be explained.

In the normal state when the fire detector 1 is not operating, the extinguishing liquid on the primary side 8 which is pressurized by the open valve 6 flows through the small hole 19 to the operation room 17.
The valve element 15 closes the valve seats 14a and 14b due to the liquid pressure and splash 18 of the extinguishing liquid.

The fire extinguishing liquid on the primary side 8 is passed through the bypass pipe 23 and the orifice 24 to the sprinkler head 4 and the secondary side pipe 5.
The secondary side 7, the secondary side piping 5, and the sprinkler head 4 are exposed to the same hydraulic pressure as the primary side 8.

In addition, if a slight drop in fluid pressure occurs in the secondary piping 5 due to natural depressurization other than the opening of the sprinkler head 4, the extinguishing fluid in the primary side 8 will be pumped into the orifice by the action of a pressurizing means such as a pressurized air tank (not shown). It is supplied to the secondary side piping 5 via 24 and maintained at a predetermined pressure. .

When a fire occurs in this state and the fire detector 1 is activated, a fire signal is transmitted to the receiving panel 3.

The receiver panel 3 operates the electric part 21 and opens the operating valve 22 due to the fire belief, so the hydraulic pressure in the operating chamber 17 of the open valve 6 is discharged through the drain pipe 29, and the hydraulic pressure in the operating chamber 17 is reduced.

As a result, the release valve 6 becomes open, but since the sprinkler head 4 is not open, the pressure on the primary side 8 and the secondary side 7 are approximately the same, and the valve body 15 is held by its own weight and the pressure of the spring 18.
The force maintains the valve seats 14a, 14b in a closed state.

When the temperature at the fire point further increases, the sprinkler head 4 opens and the extinguishing liquid in the secondary pipe 5 is immediately released.

The liquid pressure on the secondary side 7 of the open valve 6 decreases due to the discharge of the fire extinguishing liquid in the secondary side piping 5, and the liquid pressure on the primary side 8, which is pressurized by a pressurizing means such as a pressurized air tank (not shown), causes the liquid pressure to decrease. Valve body 15
is separated from the valve seats 14a, 14b, and the release valve 6 is opened.

Therefore, the pressurized extinguishing liquid on the primary side 8 is supplied to the secondary side 7 and flows into the pipe 25 via the signal water inlet chamber 51, and the pressure switch 27a is operated to activate the pressurized liquid supply device 13 and extinguish the fire. Fluid release will continue until the fire is extinguished.

Here, the pressurized liquid feeding device 13 may be activated by detecting the continuous pressurizing time of the pressurizing means.

Since there is no air in the sprinkler head 4 and the secondary pipe 5 as in the conventional pre-acting sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, the extinguishing liquid is released simultaneously with the opening operation of the sprinkler head 4, and the extinguishing liquid is released during the fire extinguishing operation. There are no delays.

Furthermore, this invention eliminates the need for a compressor for constantly pressurizing the secondary pipe 5 with air, resulting in lower equipment costs.

This first embodiment can be implemented with an extremely simple structure of adding a bypass pipe 23 and an orifice 24 to the conventional device, and the cost of the equipment can be reduced.

Incidentally, if a small-diameter bypass pipe 23 is used (a small-diameter channel), the orifice 24 shown in FIG. 1 can be omitted.

On the other hand, when the sprinkler head 4 is opened due to mechanical impact, the liquid pressure in the secondary pipe 5 drops rapidly because the diameter of the orifice 24 is set to be sufficiently smaller than the opening diameter of the sprinkler head 4. and pressure switch 27b
operates and is transmitted to the receiving board 3.

As a result, the receiver panel 3 detects that the fire detector 1 is not activated and only the hydraulic pressure in the secondary piping 5 has decreased, and the release valve 6
It is possible to display that an abnormality has occurred in the system of the secondary side piping 5 without opening the system.

In addition, the fire extinguishing liquid discharged from the sprinkler head 4 which is opened due to impact at this time is supplied to the secondary side piping 5 only through the orifice 24, so the amount of supply is small;
Unlike conventional pre-activation sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, large water damage accidents do not occur.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of the invention.

This second embodiment is similar to the second embodiment except that the small flow rate liquid passing device A is constituted by a small hole 36 formed in a partition wall 35 that separates the primary side 8 and the secondary side 7 of the open valve 6. Figure 1
Components that are the same as those in the embodiments and can therefore be used in common are designated by the same reference numerals, and explanations of their structures are omitted.

In the normal state when the fire detector 1 is not operating, the extinguishing liquid on the primary side 8 is introduced into the secondary side 7 from the small hole 36, and is completed in the sprinkler head 4 through the secondary side piping 5, and the same liquid as on the primary side 8 is introduced into the secondary side 7 through the secondary side piping 5. If the sprinkler head 4 is completed and a small hydraulic pressure drop occurs in the secondary piping 5 other than when the sprinkler head 4 is opened, the fire extinguishing liquid on the primary side 8 will be discharged through the small hole 36. It is supplied to the secondary side piping 5 and maintained at a predetermined pressure.

Therefore, this second embodiment also includes the sprinkler head 4 and
Since there is no air in the secondary side piping 5 unlike in the conventional pre-acting sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, the extinguishing liquid is released simultaneously with the opening of the sprinkler head 4, and there is no delay in extinguishing operation. The present invention does not require a compressor to constantly pressurize the side pipe 5 with air, and has the same effect as the first embodiment in that the equipment cost is low. can be obtained by simply making a small hole 38 in the partition wall 36 of the open valve 6, and the equipment cost is extremely low.

FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a third embodiment of the invention.

This third embodiment is used as a small flow liquid passing device A on the primary side 8.
The above-mentioned first embodiment except that a pressure regulating valve 37 is used which can reduce and adjust the hydraulic pressure to a predetermined value using a pilot, and the release valve 6 has a function of regulating the pressure on the secondary side 7.
Components that are the same as those in the first embodiment shown in the drawings and can therefore be used in common are given the same reference numerals, and explanations of their structures are omitted.

That is, the small flow liquid passage device A includes a valve seat 38 formed by an orifice, a valve body 40 biased by a spring 39 to open the valve seat 38, and a valve body 40 provided at the other end of the valve body 40. It is composed of a bellows 41, a pressure regulating chamber 43 in the valve box 42 divided by the bellows 41, and a liquid feeding chamber 44 formed inside the valve seat 38, and the liquid feeding chamber 44 and the pressure regulating chamber 43 are connected to the piping. 52
It is connected to the secondary side piping 5 by.

In the pressure regulating valve 37, the valve body 40 is pushed by the liquid pressure on the primary side 8, the valve seat 38 is opened, and the extinguishing liquid is sent to the liquid feeding chamber 44 and the piping 52.
When the hydraulic pressure in the piping 52 rises and reaches the predetermined hydraulic pressure for fire monitoring, which is lower than the hydraulic pressure in the primary side 8, the bellows is closed by the hydraulic pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 43. 41 and the valve body 40 are pushed, and the valve seat 38 is closed.
Distribution ratio; 52 When the hydraulic pressure of the (secondary side piping 5) is lower than the above-mentioned predetermined hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure of the primary side 8 applied to the valve body 40 whose area ratio is smaller than that of the liquid feeding chamber 44 side. The bellows 41 and the valve body 40 are pushed back by the spring 39, the valve seat 38 is opened, and the hydraulic pressure in the secondary pipe 5 is restored to a predetermined hydraulic pressure.

If a slight drop in fluid pressure occurs in the secondary piping 5 due to the opening of the sprinkler head 4, the pressure regulating valve 37 operates in the same manner as described above to replenish the secondary piping 5 and maintain it at a predetermined pressure. be done.

The open valve 6 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the operation chamber 17 is provided with a valve opening adjustment hole 46, and the opening of the valve opening adjustment hole 46 is adjusted by the action of a flam 47. is adjusted.

The flamm 47 has one side facing the two-pressure monitoring chamber 50 and the other side arranged so that the opening degree is increased by the two-pressure setting spring 48.
The opening of the valve body opening adjustment hole 46 is adjusted by displacement of the needle 49 which is integrated with the second flamm 47.

If a fire occurs in this state, the operation of the release valve 6 is similar to that in the first embodiment, and the operation of the release valve 6 is such that the operation valve 22 is opened and the extinguishing liquid in the operation chamber 17 is drained through the valve opening adjustment hole 46. The valve body 15 is moved away from the valve seat 14 by the hydraulic pressure on the secondary side 7 due to the pressure being discharged from the pipe 29 and the pressure inside the operation chamber 17 is reduced.
The release valve 6 is opened.

Then, the pressure liquid on the primary side 8 flows to the secondary side 7, the pressure switch 27a connected to the secondary side 7 is operated, and the pressurized liquid feeding device 13 is activated.

Here, when the pressure on the secondary side 7 rises higher than the predetermined hydraulic pressure at the time of fire monitoring, the pressure inside the secondary pressure monitoring chamber 50 also rises, and the flamm 47 overcomes the secondary pressure setting splash 48. side 7
The needle 49 closes the valve opening adjustment hole 46 by being pushed by the pressure.

Then, the pressure in the operation chamber 17 increases, the valve body 15 comes into contact with the valve seat 14, the release valve 6 closes, and the pressurized liquid feeding device 13 also stops.

The pressure inside the secondary side piping 5 is kept constant at the set pressure in the standby state for extinguishing liquid discharge, and even when the fire extinguishing liquid is released by opening the sprinkler head 4, the pressure inside the secondary side piping 5 is kept constant. The liquid pressure is maintained at the same set pressure as when the fire extinguishing liquid is on standby due to the pressure regulating action of the release valve 6, and the sprinkler head 4
The liquid is released at a predetermined pressure.

Also in this third embodiment, since air is not present in the sprinkler head 4 and the secondary pipe 5 as in the conventional pre-acting sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment, the fire extinguishing liquid is released simultaneously with the opening operation of the sprinkler head 4. is released, there is no delay in fire extinguishing operation, a compressor for constantly pressurizing the secondary piping 5 with air is not required in this invention, and the equipment cost is low, which is the same effect as in the first embodiment. In addition, due to the pressure reduction operation of the pressure regulating valve 37, the hydraulic pressure on the secondary side 7 remains at a predetermined low pressure even when the sprinkler head 4 is opened. There is no stress on the piping (secondary side piping), valves, etc., and damage to equipment and piping due to pressure does not occur.

In the first and second embodiments as well, a pressure switch or the like for monitoring the liquid pressure is provided in the secondary piping 5, etc., and a valve that is closed in conjunction with this is provided in the bypass pipe 23, etc., so that the secondary By setting the hydraulic pressure in the side pipe 3 to be lower than the hydraulic pressure in the secondary side 8, it is possible to obtain the above-mentioned effects unique to the third embodiment.

Furthermore, if the release valve 6 with a pressure regulating function is used as in the third embodiment, the pressure on the secondary side piping 5 side will be low even when extinguishing liquid is released, and the pressure-resistant grade of the secondary side piping 5, etc. need only be low enough. This will be very effective in reducing equipment costs.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, when the open valve 6 is closed, the small flow liquid passing device A supplies the fire extinguishing liquid to the secondary piping up to the sprinkler head 4. The extinguishing liquid is released simultaneously with the opening operation, and there is no delay in extinguishing operation.

Moreover, a compressor for constantly pressurizing the secondary pipe 5 with air is no longer necessary, and a sprinkler fire extinguishing system with low equipment cost is obtained.

According to the invention in which the small flow liquid passage device A is constituted by the orifice 24 or the small hole 36 or the small diameter pipe or the pressure regulating valve 37, only a small amount of extinguishing liquid is released when the sprinkler head 4 opens due to an impact or the like. Therefore, large water damage accidents that occur with conventional closed sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment can be prevented.

The small flow rate liquid passing device A is constituted by, for example, a pressure regulating valve 37, which has an adjustment function that can adjust the pressure of the pressure liquid on the secondary side 7 to a predetermined pressure based on the pressure liquid on the primary side 8 of the open valve 6. In the invention, there is no burden on the piping on the secondary side 7 of the open valve 6 (secondary side piping 5, etc.), valves, etc., and there is no risk of damage to equipment or piping due to pressure fluid, so durability is improved. It is very effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 are block diagrams showing the configuration of each embodiment of the present invention. 1...Fire detector 2.11.20.26...Electric circuit 3...Receiving board 4...Sprinkler head 5...Secondary side piping 6...Release valve 7...Secondary side
8..Primary side 9.31..Gate valve 10.
- Pump 12... Motor 13... Pressurized liquid feeding device (extinguishing liquid supply means) 14.1.4
a, 14b, 3g = 4 (seat 15.40...valve body 1
6.42...Valve box 17...Operation chamber 18.39...Spring 19.36...Small hole 21...
Electric part 22... Operation valve 23... Bypass pipe (
Pipe line) 24.28... Orifice 25.52... Piping 27a, 27I)... Pressure switch 29.32... Drain pipe 33.34... Pressure gauge 35... Bulkhead 37... Pressure regulating valve 41... Bellows 43...Pressure regulation chamber 44...Liquid feeding chamber 45.
・Primary side piping 4G・・Valve body opening adjustment hole 47・・Fram 48・・Secondary pressure setting spring 49・・Needle 50・
・Secondary pressure monitoring room 51...Signal water room A...Small flow liquid passage device

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A fire detector, a closed sprinkler head, and an open valve that keeps the primary and secondary sides closed at all times and is opened when the fire detector detects a fire phenomenon are installed in the warning area. a small flow liquid passing device that bypasses the primary side and the secondary side of the open valve; Sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment characterized by being provided. (2) The sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the small flow rate liquid passing device is an orifice, a small hole, or a small diameter pipe. (3) The sprinkler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the small flow rate fluid passage device has a pressure regulating function that can reduce and adjust the pressure on the secondary side to a predetermined pressure based on the pressure on the primary side of the open valve. Fire extinguishing equipment.