JPH0419298B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0419298B2
JPH0419298B2 JP57134925A JP13492582A JPH0419298B2 JP H0419298 B2 JPH0419298 B2 JP H0419298B2 JP 57134925 A JP57134925 A JP 57134925A JP 13492582 A JP13492582 A JP 13492582A JP H0419298 B2 JPH0419298 B2 JP H0419298B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rolling
type
alloy
cold
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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JP57134925A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5925963A (en
Inventor
Masao Koike
Toshiaki Mase
Masashi Matsura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to JP13492582A priority Critical patent/JPS5925963A/en
Publication of JPS5925963A publication Critical patent/JPS5925963A/en
Publication of JPH0419298B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0419298B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、Ti−6Al−4V合金で代表される
(α+β)型Ti合金の冷延板を製造する方法に関
するものである。 一般に、(α+β)型Ti合金は、Ti材料特有の
すぐれた耐食性と高い比強度を備えているととも
に高温クリープ特性にもすぐれていることから、
Ti材料の中では最も多量に使用されているので
あり、しかも、近年の航空機産業の飛躍的な発展
にともなつてその使用量が急激な増加傾向をみせ
ている上、種々の新たな用途の開発も期待されて
いるなど、工業用材料として益々重要性を増して
いる材料の一つである。 しかしながら、この(α+β)型Ti合金には、
冷間加工性、特に冷延性が純Tiや他のTi合金に
比べて極めて劣つているという決定的な欠点が存
在していた。したがつて、(α+β)型Ti合金板
材としては、切板を熱延するといういわゆるシー
ト方式熱延による熱間加工材がどうにか得られる
のみで、各方向からの強い要望がなされているに
もかかわらず、工業的に冷延薄板を製造する方法
に関する報告はこれまで全くなされていなかつた
のである。 本発明者等は、上述のような状況の下で、今後
の着実な産業の発展上、様々の重要な役割が期待
される(α+β)型Ti合金の冷延板を工業的規
模で確実に製造できる方法を見出すべく、そして
そのためにはまず(α+β)型Ti合金の冷延性
が劣る原因を解明すべきであるとの観点に立つ
て、該(α+β)型Ti合金の冷延板に関する基
礎的な研究に取り組んだのである。 金属材料の冷延板が劣る場合に考えられる一般
的な原因としては、 素材自体の延性不足、 素材自体の靭性不足 素材中に介在物等が存在していること、 素材中に割れ等の欠陥が存在していること、 等が考えられるが、(α+β)型Ti合金材には、
上記及びに示すような延性や靭性不足という
点からの冷延割れ原因の説明は十分にあてはまら
ず、また素材中の介在物や割れ等の欠陥について
も詳細に調査したがその存在を認めることができ
なかつた。 そこで、(α+β)型Ti合金冷延時に発生する
割れを詳細に観察した結果、第1図に示すような
特異な割れ方を呈し、テール割れ(トツプ、ボト
ム割れ)2、エツジ割れ3、及び平面割れ4がほ
ぼ同時に発生することがわかつた。なお、第1図
において符号1は被圧延材を示している。そし
て、割れは圧延の進行とともに板面に対して45゜
方向に進展して行くということも確認された。 このように、冷延時に発生する割れが最大剪断
応力面に沿つた割れであることや、通常、圧縮応
力が加わるので簡単には割れないはずの平面部か
らも割れが発生していることなどから、割れ原因
は延性不足ではなく、結晶方位、すなわち集合組
に起因するものであるとの推定が本発明者等によ
つてなされるに至つたのである。 そこで、さらに、上記割れ部周囲のミクロ組織
を観察したところ、第2図に模式図で示すよう
に、クラツクは板面と約30゜〜45゜の角度をなす方
向性をもつて稠密六方晶(hcp)のα相部で発生
し、これが体心立方晶(BCC)のβ相部へ伝播
していくことが明らかとなつた。 そして、冷延性の劣る(α+β)型Ti合金熱
延板のα相について(0002)極点図
(polefigure)を調べたところ、第3図aに示す
ように、六方晶底面(0002)が板面からTD方向
(圧延方向と直角方向)に約40゜傾いたところにピ
ークを持つており、第3図bの結晶方位図に示す
C軸が板面に対して垂直方向に位置する結晶がか
なり多く存在することが確認されたのである。 このようなことから、(α+β)型Ti合金の冷
延性を考察することによつて、 (1) 塑性変形を支配する主すべり系は、六方晶金
属にあつては第5図に示すように、 {0001}<1120>,{1010}<1120>,{10
11}<1120>のみであり、したがつてすべり
方向はいずれも底面上にあるので、底面とは垂
直方向の変形は、変形に有効な分解剪断応力が
ゼロとなるので不能であり、例えば第3図のよ
うに底面からいくぶん傾斜した方向の変形でも
極めて困難となる、 (2) しかしながら、第4図の極点図〔第4図a〕
並びに結晶方位図〔第4図b〕に示すようにC
軸がTD方向に横たわつた集合組織をもつ材料
は、すべり系のうち必ず1つ以上が板厚方向の
変形に対して有効に働き、冷延性が良好であ
る、 (3) また、(α+β)型Ti合金の冷延の際の割れ
を防止するには、第2図に示したようなα相の
層状組織をなくし、α相とβ相とが均一に分散
した組織を形成して、α相で発生するミクロク
ラツクの伝播を阻止するのが有効である、 以上、(1)〜(3)に示す如き結論を得たのである。 そこで、本発明者等は、上述のような結論に基
づいて、冷間加工性が良好で、加工の際に割れを
発生することなく高品質の(α+β)型Ti合金
冷延板を製造すべく、特に、結晶のC軸がTD方
向に横たわつた集合組織を有するとともに、α相
とβ相とが層状にならずに均一に分散した組織を
有する(α+β)型Ti合金冷延板を確実に、か
つ工業的規模で製造することを目ざしてさらに研
究を重ねた結果、以下(a)〜(c)に示す如き知見を得
たのである。すなわち、 (a) (α+β)型Ti合金を、高温(α+β)域
からβ域にかけての温度に加熱した後、所定の
加工温度範囲内にて高加工率の熱間加工を施す
と、結晶のC軸が、加圧方向とは直角の方向に
横たわつた集合組織を有するようになり、冷間
加工性の良好な素材を得ることができること、 (b) この際に、(α+β)型Ti合金に、分塊圧延
等の鍛練加工を施しておけば、不都合な凝固マ
クロ組織を有するTi合金塊であつてもその組
織が微細化され、α相とβ相とが均一に分散し
た良好な組織を得ることができ、特定の結晶の
みが冷延時に早期の面割れを発生することが防
止され、また熱間加工性も改善されること、 (c) 前記熱間加工後の材料をβ変態点以下の温度
で焼鈍すると冷延加工性がさらに良好になるこ
と。 この発明は、上記知見に基づいてなされたもの
であつて、(α+β)型Ti合金に鍛練加工を施し
た後、 加熱温度:800〜100℃、 累積圧下率:50%以上、 終止温度650℃以上、 の連続熱間圧延を施し、さらにβ変態点以下の温
度で焼鈍することによつて、冷間圧延によつても
割れを発生することがなく、高品質の冷延板を製
造することのできる(α+β)型Ti合金冷延板
を製造することに特徴を有するものである。 なお、この発明における(α+β)型Ti合金
とは、例えば、Ti−6Al−4V,Ti−6Al−6V−
Sn、あるいはTi−6Al−2Sn−4Zr−2Mo等の如
き、常温でα相とβ相とが混在する組織を有する
Ti合金のすべてを意味するものであつて、特定
の種類のものに限定されるものでないことはもち
ろんのことである。 また、鍛練加工とは、分塊圧延に代表されるよ
うな、凝固組織等を改善するために実施される通
常の熱間鍛練加工を意味するものであることも当
然のことであり、この場合、β変態点以上に加熱
後、20%以上の加工率で熱間加工を施すのが好ま
しく、また加熱は1ヒートでも良いし、或いは2
ヒート以上でも何ら差支えがない。 さらに、連続熱間加工は、加熱後の被処理材が
特定温度まで冷却する間に所定加工率の熱間加工
を終了できるようなものであれば、鍛造や圧延等
の加工方式、或いは圧延の場合であればその圧延
の種類等を問わず、いずれの方法でも適用するこ
とができ、「連続」はそのために欠くことのでき
ないものであるが、実用的には、タンデム圧延機
を使用したいわゆるホツトストリツプ式熱延が、
圧延スピードが速いために温度降下が少なく、更
に加工熱も利用できるので最も好ましい。そして
この場合、加工率をできだけ大きくすることが好
結果につながるものである。 つぎに、この発明の冷延用(α+β)型Ti合
金熱延板の製造方法において、連続熱間加工の際
の加熱温度、累積圧下率、及び加工終止温度、並
びに焼鈍温度を上記のように限定した理由を説明
する。 (i) 連続熱間加工加熱温度 熱間加工の際の加熱温度が800℃を下まわつた
り、あるいは逆に1100℃を越えた場合には、いず
れも、得られる熱延板の冷間加工性が低下してし
まつて、30%程度の圧下率で冷間加工しても割れ
を発生するようになるので、その温度を800〜
1100℃と定めた。 第6図は、冷延性に及ぼす熱間加熱温度の影響
を示す線図であり、Ti−6Al−4Vの成分組成を
有する1トンのTi合金インゴツトの複数個を25
mm厚まで鍛造後、これらの素材を800〜1100%の
間のそれぞれの温度に大気中で加熱して30分保持
した後直ちに圧延を開始し、600〜850℃の間で熱
延を終了し、850℃で5分間加熱保持してから空
冷するという焼鈍処理を施したものの冷延限界を
調査したものである。 なお、このときの連続熱延のパススケジユール
は、 25t→17t→12t→8.5t→6.0t→4.2t→3.0t、 で、累積圧下率が88%であつた。 そして、冷延限界の調査は、ロール径が380mm
の2ハイロールを使用して行い、テール割れ、エ
ツジ割れ、及び面割れの発生限界圧下率を求める
ことによつて行つた。 第6図に示される結果からも、加熱温度は800
〜1100℃の範囲が良好であることがわかり、好ま
しくは850〜β変態点(970℃)程度で確実に良好
な結果を得られることが明らかである。 ○…
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a cold-rolled sheet of (α+β) type Ti alloy, typically Ti-6Al-4V alloy. In general, (α+β) type Ti alloys have excellent corrosion resistance and high specific strength unique to Ti materials, as well as excellent high-temperature creep properties.
It is the most widely used Ti material, and its usage is rapidly increasing due to the dramatic development of the aircraft industry in recent years, and various new applications are being developed. It is one of the materials that is becoming increasingly important as an industrial material, and is expected to be further developed. However, this (α+β) type Ti alloy has
A decisive drawback was that cold workability, especially cold rollability, was extremely inferior to pure Ti and other Ti alloys. Therefore, as for (α+β) type Ti alloy sheet material, it is only possible to obtain hot-processed material by the so-called sheet method hot rolling, in which cut sheets are hot rolled, and despite strong demands from various directions, However, there have been no reports on a method for industrially manufacturing cold-rolled sheets. Under the above-mentioned circumstances, the present inventors have developed a technology to reliably produce cold-rolled sheets of (α+β) type Ti alloy on an industrial scale, which is expected to play a variety of important roles in the steady development of industry in the future. In order to find a manufacturing method, and in order to do so, we first need to clarify the cause of the poor cold rolling properties of (α+β) type Ti alloys. He undertook research on this matter. Common causes of inferiority in cold-rolled sheets of metal materials include insufficient ductility of the material itself, insufficient toughness of the material itself, presence of inclusions in the material, and defects such as cracks in the material. However, in (α+β) type Ti alloy material,
The explanations for the cause of cold rolling cracking in terms of lack of ductility and toughness as shown in the above and above are not fully applicable, and although defects such as inclusions and cracks in the material were investigated in detail, their existence could not be recognized. I couldn't do it. Therefore, as a result of detailed observation of the cracks that occur during cold rolling of (α+β) type Ti alloy, it was found that the cracks exhibited a unique cracking pattern as shown in Figure 1, including tail cracks (top and bottom cracks) 2, edge cracks 3, and It was found that plane cracks 4 occur almost simultaneously. In addition, in FIG. 1, the reference numeral 1 indicates a material to be rolled. It was also confirmed that the cracks propagate in a direction of 45° relative to the sheet surface as rolling progresses. In this way, cracks that occur during cold rolling occur along the plane of maximum shear stress, and cracks also occur from flat areas that would normally not crack easily due to compressive stress. From this, the inventors have come to the conclusion that the cause of the cracking is not due to lack of ductility, but rather due to crystal orientation, that is, set set. Therefore, when we further observed the microstructure around the crack, we found that the crack is a dense hexagonal crystal with an orientation that makes an angle of about 30° to 45° with the plate surface, as shown schematically in Figure 2. It has become clear that this occurs in the α phase of (hcp) and propagates to the β phase of body-centered cubic (BCC). When we investigated the (0002) pole figure of the α phase of the (α+β) type Ti alloy hot rolled sheet, which has poor cold rollability, we found that the hexagonal base (0002) was the sheet surface, as shown in Figure 3a. It has a peak at an angle of about 40 degrees to the TD direction (direction perpendicular to the rolling direction), and there are many crystals whose C axis is perpendicular to the plate surface, as shown in the crystal orientation diagram in Figure 3b. It has been confirmed that there are many. Therefore, by considering the cold rollability of (α+β) type Ti alloys, we found that (1) the main slip system governing plastic deformation is as shown in Figure 5 in the case of hexagonal metals; , {0001}<1120>, {1010}<1120>, {10
11}<1120>, and therefore all slip directions are on the bottom surface, so deformation in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface is impossible because the resolved shear stress effective for deformation becomes zero. As shown in Figure 3, deformation in a direction somewhat inclined from the bottom surface is also extremely difficult. (2) However, the pole figure in Figure 4 [Figure 4 a]
Also, as shown in the crystal orientation diagram [Fig. 4b], C
In a material with a texture in which the axis lies in the TD direction, one or more of the slip systems always acts effectively against deformation in the thickness direction, and has good cold rollability. (3) Also, ( In order to prevent cracking during cold rolling of α+β) type Ti alloys, the layered structure of the α phase as shown in Figure 2 must be eliminated and a structure in which the α and β phases are uniformly dispersed must be formed. We have reached the conclusions shown in (1) to (3) above that it is effective to prevent the propagation of microcracks that occur in the α phase. Based on the above-mentioned conclusions, the present inventors have developed a method for producing high-quality (α+β) type Ti alloy cold-rolled sheets that have good cold workability and do not generate cracks during processing. In particular, an (α+β) type Ti alloy cold-rolled sheet having a texture in which the C axis of the crystal lies in the TD direction and a structure in which the α phase and β phase are uniformly dispersed without forming layers. As a result of further research with the aim of producing it reliably on an industrial scale, we obtained the findings shown in (a) to (c) below. In other words, (a) After heating an (α+β) type Ti alloy to a temperature ranging from the high temperature (α+β) region to the β region, if hot working is performed at a high working rate within a predetermined processing temperature range, the crystals will be (b) In this case, the (α+β) type If a Ti alloy is subjected to a forging process such as blooming rolling, even if the Ti alloy ingot has an unfavorable solidified macrostructure, its structure will be refined, and the α phase and β phase will be uniformly dispersed. (c) The material after hot working is prevented from generating early face cracks during cold rolling, and hot workability is improved. Cold rolling workability becomes even better when annealing at a temperature below the β transformation point. This invention was made based on the above knowledge, and after forging an (α+β) type Ti alloy, heating temperature: 800 to 100°C, cumulative reduction rate: 50% or more, final temperature 650°C As described above, by performing continuous hot rolling and further annealing at a temperature below the β transformation point, a high quality cold rolled sheet can be manufactured without cracking even during cold rolling. This method is characterized in that it produces a (α+β) type Ti alloy cold-rolled plate that can be used. Note that the (α+β) type Ti alloy in this invention includes, for example, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-6V-
Has a structure in which α and β phases coexist at room temperature, such as Sn or Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo.
It goes without saying that this term refers to all Ti alloys and is not limited to any specific type. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the term "forging process" refers to a normal hot forging process, such as blooming rolling, which is carried out to improve the solidification structure, etc., and in this case, After heating to the β transformation point or higher, it is preferable to perform hot working at a processing rate of 20% or more, and the heating may be performed in one heat or in two heats.
There is no problem with heat or higher. Furthermore, continuous hot working can be carried out using processing methods such as forging or rolling, as long as the hot working at a predetermined processing rate can be completed while the heated workpiece cools down to a specific temperature. If so, any method can be applied regardless of the type of rolling, and "continuous" is indispensable for this purpose, but in practical terms, so-called "continuous" rolling using a tandem rolling mill Hot strip hot rolling
It is most preferable because the rolling speed is high, so there is little temperature drop, and processing heat can also be utilized. In this case, increasing the processing rate as much as possible leads to good results. Next, in the method for manufacturing a (α+β) type Ti alloy hot rolled sheet for cold rolling of the present invention, the heating temperature, cumulative reduction rate, working end temperature, and annealing temperature during continuous hot working are set as described above. Explain the reason for the limitation. (i) Continuous hot working heating temperature If the heating temperature during hot working is below 800°C or conversely above 1100°C, the resulting hot rolled sheet will not be cold worked. However, even if cold working is performed at a reduction rate of about 30%, cracks will occur, so the temperature should be lowered to 800 - 800°C.
The temperature was set at 1100℃. Figure 6 is a diagram showing the influence of hot heating temperature on cold rollability, in which a plurality of 1 ton Ti alloy ingots having a composition of Ti-6Al-4V are
After forging to a thickness of mm, these materials were heated in the air to their respective temperatures between 800 and 1100%, held for 30 minutes, and then immediately started rolling and finished hot rolling at between 600 and 850℃. , the cold rolling limit of the annealed material was investigated by heating and holding at 850°C for 5 minutes and then air cooling. The continuous hot rolling pass schedule at this time was 25t → 17t → 12t → 8.5t → 6.0t → 4.2t → 3.0t, and the cumulative rolling reduction was 88%. In the investigation of the cold rolling limit, the roll diameter was 380 mm.
The test was carried out using a 2-high roll, and the critical rolling reduction ratio for the occurrence of tail cracks, edge cracks, and face cracks was determined. From the results shown in Figure 6, the heating temperature is 800.
It has been found that a range of 1100°C to 1100°C is favorable, and preferably a range of 850 to β transformation point (970°C) is sufficient to reliably obtain good results. ○…

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 (α+β)型Ti合金に鍛練加工を施した後、 加熱温度:800〜1100℃、 累積圧下率:50%以上、 終止温度:650℃以上、 の連続熱間圧延を施し、さらにβ変態点以下の温
度で焼鈍した後、冷却圧延をすることを特徴とす
る(α+β)型Ti合金冷延板の製造方法。
[Claims] 1. After forging a (α+β) type Ti alloy, continuous hot rolling is carried out at a heating temperature of 800 to 1100°C, a cumulative reduction rate of 50% or more, and a final temperature of 650°C or more. A method for producing a (α+β) type Ti alloy cold rolled sheet, which comprises applying cold rolling, followed by annealing at a temperature below the β transformation point, followed by cooling rolling.
JP13492582A 1982-08-02 1982-08-02 Manufacture of hot rolled ti alloy plate Granted JPS5925963A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13492582A JPS5925963A (en) 1982-08-02 1982-08-02 Manufacture of hot rolled ti alloy plate

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13492582A JPS5925963A (en) 1982-08-02 1982-08-02 Manufacture of hot rolled ti alloy plate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5925963A JPS5925963A (en) 1984-02-10
JPH0419298B2 true JPH0419298B2 (en) 1992-03-30

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JPS6366895A (en) * 1986-09-05 1988-03-25 松下電器産業株式会社 Aging method for thin film EL elements
JPS6422348A (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-25 Nissan Motor Catalyst for purifying waste gas

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