JPH0419852B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus that also measures ophthalmological physiological functions using, for example, irradiated light for observing and photographing the fundus of the eye using a fundus camera.

Fundus cameras are being used not only for diagnosing lesions in the ophthalmology field, but also in fields such as internal medicine and neurology. In particular, there is an increasing demand for non-mydriatic fundus cameras that do not use mydriatic agents.

By the way, as one of the testing methods for visual function diagnosis, there is a known method for measuring ophthalmological physiological functions such as retinal action potential and visual evoked potential characteristics, but this method is based on optical stimulation of the eye to be examined. It measures the potential changes that occur in the eyeball or cerebral cortex. These methods have become indispensable methods for determining retinal diseases and the quality of visual pathway function.
It is said to be an effective method for the initial diagnosis of diabetes, determining its severity, and predicting its progression as part of retinopathy.

Conventionally, in measuring the above-mentioned ophthalmological physiological functions, measurements are performed using a light projecting means that stimulates the subject's eye, a recording means, a monitor scope, etc. Efforts are being made to improve the diagnostic effect or to provide independent diagnostic value.

The purpose of the present invention is to measure ophthalmological physiological functions at the same time when observing and photographing the subject's eye, and by making a diagnosis of the same case from different angles with the aim of achieving temporal consistency, it is possible to increase the reliability of the diagnosis. The objective is to provide an ophthalmological device that can improve the performance of the eye, and its gist is to provide a means for projecting a light beam onto the eye to be examined, and a means for receiving the reflected light beam from the eye to be examined to illuminate the fundus of the eye to be examined without mydriasis. The apparatus is characterized in that it has a means for measuring ophthalmological physiological characteristics using a light beam for observing and photographing the eye to be examined as a light stimulus.

The present invention will be explained in detail based on illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the optical system of a fundus camera. Reference numeral 1 is an observation light source consisting of a tungsten lamp, etc., and the light emitted from this observation light source 1 is passed through a red filter 2, a condenser lens 3, etc. ,
The light enters a mirror 6 through a photographing light source 4 consisting of a xenon discharge tube or the like, a condenser lens 5, is deflected there, and sequentially passes through a ring slit plate 7, relay lenses 8 and 9, and reaches a perforated mirror 10. It's getting old. The light that enters the perforated mirror 10 from the illumination optical system described above is reflected by the perforated mirror 10 in the direction of the eye E to be examined, illuminates the fundus of the eye E, passes through the original optical path, and is further transmitted through the perforated mirror 10. This leads to the observation optical system. An objective lens 11 is arranged between the perforated mirror 10 and the subject's eye E, and behind the perforated mirror 10, along the optical axis, there are a focusing lens 12, a photographing lens 13, a flip-up mirror 14, A shutter 15 and photographic film 16 are arranged in sequence. On the reflection side of the flip-up mirror 14, a field lens 17 placed at a position conjugate with the photographic film 16, a mirror 18 for changing the optical path, a relay lens 19, and an image pickup tube 20 are arranged in sequence along the optical axis. There is.

In this fundus camera, the illumination light source 1 and the photographing light source 4 are in a substantially conjugate relationship with the condenser lens 3, and the observation light source 1 is turned on during observation, and the photographing light source 4 is turned on instantaneously when photographing with the photographic film 16. Ru. The light source image is once connected to the vicinity of the ring slit plate 7 by another condenser lens 5, and then the image of the sectioned aperture of the ring slit plate 7 is formed in the vicinity of the perforated mirror 10 by the relay lenses 8 and 9. The illumination light is reflected and travels to the left. Then, after forming an image of the annular aperture near the cornea of the eye E to be examined using the objective lens 11, the fundus of the eye is illuminated.

The reflected light from the fundus travels to the right, and after being imaged by the cornea and objective lens 11, it passes through the perforated mirror 1.
0, and is focused and imaged by the focusing lens 12 and the photographing lens 13.
During observation, the fundus image is guided upward by the flip-up mirror 14 located at the solid line position, and is observed on a TV monitor via the image pickup tube 20. During film photography, the flip-up mirror 14 rotates to the dotted line position, and the fundus image is is formed on the photographic film 16 via the shutter 15 which is instantaneously opened.

Note that this embodiment is equipped with a device for measuring the following ophthalmological physiological functions when taking photographs. That is, the related electrode 30 is placed near the eyelid of the eye E to be examined.
When an indifferent electrode 31 is connected to the rear of the earlid and a ground electrode 32 is connected to the earlid, a retinal action potential is measured by light stimulation caused by light emission from the photographing light source 4.

The waveforms obtained by the related electrode 30 and the indifferent electrode 31 are connected to the CRT 34 via a DC amplifier circuit 33. On the other hand, the light emission of the photographing light source 4 is started by the switch 35, but this is controlled by the relay circuit 36.
At the same time, a signal is sent to the trigger circuit 37, and is further output to the CRT 34 via the return circuit 38. A lens 39 and a deflection mirror 40 are sequentially arranged in front of the screen of the CRT 34.
The image on the CRT 34 is guided in the direction of the flip-up mirror 14 and is made to enter the photographing light flux.

Therefore, during imaging, the related electrode 30 and the indifferent electrode 31 are
As shown in Figure 2, the retinal action potential due to
The image is formed on the CRT 34 and transferred to the photographic film 16 through the lens 39 and the deflection mirror 40 together with the fundus image.

Although the above-described embodiment is an example of measuring retinal action potentials under dark adaptation using a non-mydriatic fundus camera using a red filter 2, measurement is also possible under adaptation with the red filter 2 removed. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the position of the electrodes can be changed depending on the purpose of measurement.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the sensitivity of the photographic film 16 is changed, the light amount can be adjusted by inserting a rotary density filter 45 as shown in FIG. 3 into the illumination light beam or into the photographing light beam. By rotating the density filter 45 and appropriately selecting the density automatically or manually, it is possible to always maintain a constant amount of light that stimulates the eye E to be examined. This light amount correction can also be performed by mechanical methods such as filter replacement, photoelectric methods, and changing the size of the aperture stop. Furthermore, by changing the amplification degree of the DC amplifier circuit 33 in accordance with changes in the amount of light irradiated to the eye E to match the level of the output waveform with a so-called reference waveform, it is also possible to make a judgment by comparing it with a normal reference waveform. can.

Furthermore, the present invention can also be used in the following applications.

(1) As shown in Figure 4, CRT34 and lens 39
By arranging a half mirror 50 between the two and combining the normal control waveform images on the chart 51, the obtained ophthalmological physiological characteristics can be compared and judged.

(2) This function can be satisfied by applying not only to a fundus camera but also to an anterior ocular segment observation and photographing device.

(3) It is also possible to output the record of the ophthalmological physiological characteristics on a separate recording paper and write the normal control waveform on that recording paper.

As explained above, the ophthalmological device according to the present invention includes:
The ophthalmological physiological functions of the eye to be examined can also be measured during observation photography, making it possible to expand the functionality of examinations and making it possible to judge the same examination item from different perspectives.
This has the effect of improving the reliability of judgment. Furthermore, since the measurement is performed in a non-mydriatic state, it is suitable for measuring ophthalmological physiological characteristics.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the ophthalmological device according to the invention,
Figure 1 is a diagram of its optical layout, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of an image displayed on a CRT, Figure 3 is a front view of the density filter, and Figure 4 is an optical diagram for compositing a normal control waveform into an image. It is a layout diagram. 1 is an observation light source, 2 is a red filter, 4 is a photographic light source, 7 is a ring slit plate, 10 is a perforated mirror, 11 is an objective lens, 14 is a flip-up mirror, 16 is a photographic film, 20 is an imaging tube, 30 is a related electrode, 31 is an indifferent electrode, 33 is a DC amplifier circuit,
34 is a CRT, 35 is a switch, 36 is a relay circuit, 45 is a density filter, and E is an eye to be examined.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An apparatus having a means for projecting a light beam onto an eye to be examined, and a means for receiving a reflected light beam from the eye to be examined and observing and photographing the fundus of the eye to be examined without mydriasis, the apparatus comprising: An ophthalmological apparatus characterized by having means for measuring ophthalmological physiological characteristics using a light beam for observing and photographing an eye as a light stimulus. 2. The ophthalmological apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ophthalmic physiological characteristics are recorded together with the photographic results. 3. The ophthalmological apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical signal for photographing the fundus is a trigger signal for measuring the ophthalmic physiological characteristics. 4. The ophthalmological apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ophthalmic physiological characteristics are recorded by guiding the measurement results displayed on a CRT into a photographing means. 5. The ophthalmological apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ophthalmological physiological characteristics are displayed on a means for observing the eye to be examined. 6. The ophthalmological apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ophthalmological physiological characteristics are recorded on a film together with a photographed image of the eye to be examined. 7. The ophthalmological apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the degree of amplification of the ophthalmic physiological characteristics is changed in accordance with a change in the amount of light illuminating the eye to be examined. 8. The ophthalmological device according to claim 1, wherein the ophthalmological physiological characteristic is a retinal action potential characteristic.