JPH04206204A - Lighting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a lamp, and particularly to a lamp used as a vehicle headlamp or a floodlight.

[Conventional technology]

As a lamp that emits light in one direction, the one shown in FIG. 7 is known.

In FIG. 7, 94 is a concave mirror in the shape of a paraboloid.

Reference numeral 91 is pulp, and a filament 92 is installed inside the pulp 91. The filament 92 is installed at the focal point of the paraboloid of the concave mirror 94. 93 is a base for the pulp 91.
is placed on the concave surface 11194.

95 is a lens, and the lens 95 is arranged at the opening of the concave surface 1194.

According to the above configuration, a portion of the light beam emitted from the filament 92 is reflected by the concave surface 1194, and v
The light ray 80 is parallel to the center line of the B plane 194. and,
The light ray 80 is bent once by the lens 95 and radiated forward at a predetermined aperture angle.

However, the light ray 81 that does not enter the concave mirror 94 continues straight and does not become a light ray parallel to the center line of the concave mirror. Since such light rays are considerably diffused in the front, they become useless rays that hardly contribute to illuminating the object.

Therefore, in order to obtain a sufficient amount of light with the lamp shown in Fig. 7, there were problems such as requiring a light source with a large amount of light emission (that is, high power consumption) and a reflector 1194 with a large diameter. .

In order to improve the above-mentioned problem III, a lamp as shown in FIG. 8 has been considered. The lamp shown in FIG. 8 is the lamp shown in FIG. 7 provided with an anti-@fa96.

Reflector 96 prevents light rays 81 from entering concave mirror 94
is reflected toward the filament 92.

The light beam reflected by the reflecting mirror 96 is reflected by the bale concave surface 11.
94 and radiates through lens 95.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the lamp shown in FIG. 8, the length of the filament 92 can be considered to be sufficiently shorter than the concave mirror 94, so the filament 92 serves as a point light source for the concave surface 1194.

However, the length of filament 92 is 1196
It cannot be considered to be sufficiently short compared to , and furthermore, the filament 92 is placed close to 111196. Therefore, filament 92 becomes a line light source for reflection 1196.

As a result, for example, the anti-f141196 of filament 92
Assuming that the side end 92a is placed at the center of curvature of 111196, the light emitted from the end afi92a is
Ray 80 is reflected from reflection 1196 and concave surface 1194.
becomes a parallel ray of light. However, the light ray 87 emitted from the end 92b of the filament 92 on the concave mirror 94 side is reflected by reflection 1196 in a direction away from the filament 92. When the light ray 87 is reflected by the concave mirror 94, it is emitted in a direction different from that of the parallel light ray 80, resulting in a wasted light ray that hardly contributes to illumination of the object.

Even when the mirror 1196 is provided as described above, the ratio of the amount of light that contributes to irradiation of an object to the total amount of light emitted from the light source (under jX, this is called the efficiency of the lamp) cannot be made sufficiently high. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the aperture of the concave mirror 94 and also to increase the amount of light emitted from the light source, making it difficult to downsize and reduce power consumption.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compact lamp with low power consumption by improving the efficiency of the lamp.

(Means for Solving Illi) The present invention includes a light source, a reflector, and a concave mirror, and the reflector is a joined body in which each end of a plurality of hollow truncated conical sides are joined. The truncated conical side surface of each W has an end with a large radius and an end with a small radius. The large radius end of the truncated cone side is joined to the large radius end of another truncated cone side, and the small radius end of the other truncated cone side is joined to the small radius end, and the angle at which the two truncated cone side surfaces join at the end with a large radius is 90 degrees, the light source is placed near the focal point of the concave mirror, and the reflector is arranged such that one end of the reflector is The lamp is located around a light source, the other end is located closer to the opening end of the concave mirror than the light source, and is arranged so that the center line of the reflector substantially coincides with the center line of the concave mirror.

(Operation) According to the present invention, a part of the light rays emitted from the light source enters the concave mirror, and is emitted as a light ray having a predetermined light distribution.

Other light rays emitted from the light source enter one of the sides of the truncated cone that constitutes the reflector. The light beam is reflected by the side surface of the truncated cone and is incident on the truncated cone side surface where the truncated cone side surfaces are joined at the end with a large radius. The light beam is then reflected by the side surface of the truncated cone.

At this time, since the angle at which the two large end portions of the two truncated conical side surfaces join together is 90 degrees, the light beam is reflected in a direction that redirects the path it entered the reflector. Therefore, the light beam reflected by the reflector passes near the light source again and enters the concave mirror.

As a result, the optical path of the light beam that enters the concave mirror after being reflected by the reflector substantially coincides with the optical path of the light beam that enters the concave mirror directly from the light source. The two light beams are then reflected in the same direction by the concave mirror and radiated forward of the lamp.

(Example) A first embodiment will be described based on FIG.

In FIG. 1, 4 is a concave mirror in the shape of a paraboloid.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a bulb, and a filament 2 serving as a light source is installed inside the bulb 1. Note that the filament 2 is placed at the focal point of the paraboloid of the concave surface 84. 3
is the base of the valve 1, and the valve 1 is installed on the concave surface 114 by the base 3.

5 is a lens, and the lens 5 is arranged in the opening of the concave surface 114.

10 is a reflector. The reflector 10 has a plurality of hollow truncated conical side surfaces S at each end E1. It is a zygote joined by E2,
As a whole, it has a cylindrical shape with continuous unevenness on the side.

Each truncated conical side surface S of the reflector 10 has the same shape, and when the length of the filament 2 is 2 mml, the height h of each truncated conical side surface is approximately 0.2 mml. and,
One truncated conical side surface S has an end portion E1 with a large radius and an end portion E2 with a small radius, and is joined to another truncated conical side surface S at either the end portions E1 or the end portions E2. Further, the joint angle between each truncated cone side surface S and the adjacent truncated cone side surface S is 90 degrees.

The reflector 10 is fixed to the cap 3 or the concave surface 114 by a support or wire (not shown). Furthermore, the reflector 10 is arranged near the tip of the bulb 2, and is arranged so that the center line of the reflector 10 and the center line of the concave surface 114 coincide with each other.

Next, the effect will be explained.

Some rays 2 of the rays emitted from filament 2
0 is incident on the concave surface 114. The light is then reflected by the concave surface 114 and becomes a ray parallel to the center line of the concave surface 114.

The other light rays 21 (see FIG. 2) emitted from the filament 2 are incident on the truncated cone side surface 11, which is one of the truncated cone side surfaces constituting the reflector 10.

The light ray 21 is reflected by the truncated cone side surface 11 and the truncated cone side surface 11
The beam enters the truncated conical side surface 12, which is joined at the end with a large radius. The light beam 21 is then reflected by the truncated cone side surface 12.

At this time, the angle at which the truncated conical sides 11 and 12 join is 90
Since the light rays 21 are reflected in a direction such that the path of incidence on the reflector 10 is reversed.

Therefore, the light ray 21 that has entered the reflector 10 returns to the vicinity of the filament 2 again.

Furthermore, the light ray 22 incident on the truncated cone side surface 13 remote from the filament 2 is reflected in the direction A that is true to the filament 2. The light ray 22 is then reflected by the side surface of the truncated cone in the direction A, and is incident on the side surface 13 of the truncated cone in the direction A. As a result, the light ray 22 is reflected by the truncated cone side 13 into the vicinity of the filament 2.

As described above, most of the light rays emitted from the filament 2 and incident on the reflector 10 are reflected by the reflector 10 near the filament 2.

The light beam reflected near the filament 2 by the reflector 10 passes near the filament 2 and enters the concave surface 14. The light rays emitted from the vicinity of the filament 2 are considered to be light rays emitted from a point light source at the focal position with respect to the concave surface 114. Therefore, the above light beam is reflected by the concave mirror 4 and becomes a light beam parallel to the center line of the concave mirror 4.

Furthermore, the light ray 23 emitted from the filament 2 in the direction of the center line of the reflector 10 is emitted directly forward without being reflected by the reflector 10 or the concave surface 114.

The light rays parallel to the center line of the concave mirror 4 are refracted by the lens 5 and radiated forward as light rays having a predetermined aperture angle.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the filament 2 is arranged at the focal point of the concave mirror 4, and it is a joined body of a plurality of truncated conical side surfaces S, and the angle between the truncated conical side surfaces is 90 degrees. The reflector 10, which has a cylindrical shape as a whole and is uneven, is installed so that the center line of the reflector 10 and the center line of the concave surface I4 substantially coincide with each other.

Therefore, some of the light rays 20 emitted from the filament 2 directly enter the concave surface 14, are reflected by the concave mirror 4, and become light rays parallel to the center line of the concave mirror 4. Furthermore, the light ray 21 emitted from the filament 2 and incident on the reflector 10 is reflected by the reflector 10, passes near the filament 2, and is then reflected by the concave mirror 4, forming a light ray parallel to the center line of the concave surface tR4. Become.

Therefore, most of the light rays emitted from the filament 2 become parallel light. As a result, the efficiency of the lamp can be increased, the device can be downsized, and power consumption can be reduced.

Note that when the outer diameter of the reflector 10 is made equal to the diameter of the cap 3, the light rays reflected by the concave surface 1[4 are not blocked by the reflector 10, so that the efficiency of the lamp can be further improved. I can do it.

Next, a second embodiment will be described based on FIG.

In FIG. 3, a bulb 1, a filament 2, a cap 3,
The concave surface 114 and the lens 5 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

30 is a reflector. The reflector 30 is made up of a plurality of conical white side surfaces 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 joined together, and has an uneven hemispherical shape as a whole. Also, the joining angle of the truncated conical side surfaces 31, 32, the truncated conical side surfaces 33.
The joint angle of 34 and the joint angle of truncated conical side faces 35 and 36 are both 90 degrees.

Note that the reflector 30 is fixed to the base 3 or the concave surface H4 by a support or a wire (not shown). Furthermore, the reflector 30 is arranged near the tip of the bulb 2, and is arranged so that the center line of each truncated cone side surface constituting the reflector 30 and the center line of the concave mirror 4 coincide with each other.

Further, the reflector 30 is installed at a position such that the center of the hemisphere is at one point on the filament 2.

Next, the effect will be explained.

A portion of the light emitted from the filament 2 directly enters the concave mirror 4. The light is then reflected by the concave mirror 4 and becomes a ray parallel to the center line of the concave mirror 4.

Furthermore, among the light rays emitted from the filament 2, the light rays that do not enter the concave surface 114 enter the reflector 30. The light beam incident on the reflector 30 is reflected by the side surface of the truncated cone and returns to the vicinity of the filament 2.

At this time, since the filament 2 is located at the center of the reflector 30, the light rays emitted from the filament 2 are incident on all sides of the truncated cone at approximately 45 degrees. Therefore, the efficiency of reflection is maximized.

After passing near the filament 2, the above light beam enters the concave surface 114, is reflected by the concave mirror 4, and is reflected by the concave surface M4.
The ray is parallel to the center line of .

Therefore, most of the light rays emitted from the filament 2 become parallel light. This parallel light is then refracted by the lens 5 and radiated forward as a light beam having a predetermined aperture angle.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the filament 2 is arranged at the focal point of the concave surface 114, and the plurality of truncated cone side surfaces 31 to
36, and the truncated conical sides 31 and 32.33
The joint angle between 34 and 35 and 36 is 901[, and the reflector 30, which has an uneven hemispherical shape as a whole, is installed so that the center line of the reflector 30 and the center line of the concave mirror 4 almost coincide. I made it.

Therefore, some of the light rays emitted from the filament 2 directly enter the concave surface 1 [4]. The light is then reflected by the concave mirror 4 and becomes a ray parallel to the central axis of the concave surface 114. Furthermore, the light rays emitted from the other filaments 2 enter the reflector 10 and are reflected by the reflector 10. After passing near the filament 2, the light beam is reflected by the concave surface 114 and becomes a ray parallel to the central axis of the concave surface 114.

Therefore, most of the light rays emitted from the filament 2 are reflected by the concave surface tIA4 and become parallel light.

As a result, the efficiency of the lamp can be increased, the device can be made smaller, and power consumption can be reduced.

Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, the diverging light rays emitted from the filament 2 in the direction of the center line of the concave surface 114 are also reflected near the filament 2, so that the efficiency of the lamp is further improved compared to the first embodiment. This has the effect of increasing the

Next, a third embodiment will be described based on FIG. 4.

The device of this embodiment irradiates a wide range and at the same time does not irradiate light in a specific direction. For example,
It can be used as a headlight for a car.

In FIG. 4, a bulb 1, a filament 2, a cap 3,
The concave surface 114 and the lens 5 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

40 is a reflector, and the reflector 40 is composed of a cylindrical portion 41 and a semi-cylindrical portion 42. The cylindrical portion 41 of the reflector 40 is a member equivalent to the reflector 10 of the first embodiment. Further, the semi-cylindrical portion 42 has a shape in which the lower half of the cylindrical portion 41 is extended toward the base 3 side. However, the joining angle of the truncated conical side surface of the semi-cylindrical portion 42 is set to be larger than 90 degrees by a minute angle δ.

Further, the reflector 40 is fixed to the base 3 or the concave mirror 4 by a support or a wire (not shown). Furthermore, the reflector 10 is arranged near the tip of the bulb 2, and is arranged so that the center line of the reflector 40 and the center line of the concave surface 114 coincide with each other.

Next, the effect will be explained.

Some of the light rays emitted from the filament 2 directly enter the concave mirror 4, are reflected by the concave surface #lt4, and become light rays parallel to the center line of the concave surface 114.

Other light rays emitted from the filament 2 enter the reflector 40.

Among the light rays incident on the reflector 40, the light rays incident on the lower half of the cylindrical portion 41 are reflected by the side surfaces of the two truncated cones joining at the ends with a large radius, and return to the vicinity of the filament 2 again. After the addition of light near the filament 2, the light is reflected by the concave surface 114 and becomes a light beam parallel to the center line of the concave mirror 4.

Furthermore, the light beam incident on the upper half of the cylindrical portion 41 is similarly reflected from the side surface of the truncated cone, passes close to the filament 2, and then enters the semi-cylindrical portion 42 of the reflector 40. Further, a portion of the light rays emitted from the filament 2 directly enters the semi-cylindrical portion 42 .

Of the light rays incident on the reflector 40, the light rays incident on the semi-cylindrical portion 42 are reflected near the filament 2 by the side surface of the truncated cone. At this time, since the joining angle of the side surface of the truncated cone is larger than 90 degrees by a minute angle δ, the path of the light beam incident on the semi-cylindrical portion 42 of the reflector 40 and the path of the reflected light beam differ by a minute angle 2δ.

Therefore, approximately half of the light beams reflected by the semi-cylindrical portion 42 pass through the base 3 side of the filament 2 and pass through the concave surface I.
Enter I4. That is, the above light beam is again directed to the cylindrical part 4.
It is not incident on 1. The above-mentioned light beam is then reflected by the concave surface 14 and becomes a light beam parallel to the center line of the concave mirror 4.

Furthermore, the light rays emitted from the filament 2 in the direction of the center line of the reflector 10 are directly emitted forward without being reflected by the reflector 10 or the concave mirror 4.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, the filament 2 is arranged at the focal point of the concave mirror 4, and the cylindrical part 41 and the lower half of the cylindrical part 41 are connected to the base 3 side. A reflector 40 consisting of a semi-cylindrical portion 42 having an extended shape,
The center line of the reflector 40 and the center line of the concave surface 114 are arranged so as to substantially coincide with each other.

Therefore, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

In addition, since the semi-cylindrical portion 42 of the reflector 40 is installed, it is possible to prevent light from being emitted to the lower side of the lamp, and
The light rays emitted to the lower side of the lamp can be reflected to the upper side of the lamp, further improving the efficiency of the lamp.

Note that by forming the end of the reflector 40 on the cylindrical portion 41 side into a hemispherical shape with unevenness as in the second embodiment, the efficiency of the lamp can be further improved.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described based on FIGS. 5 and 6.

In FIG. 5, pulp 1, filament 2, base 3,
The concave mirror 4 and lens 5 are the same as in the first embodiment.

50 is a reflector in which a plurality of frustum sides are joined at a joining angle of 90 degrees. The reflector 50 is fixed to the concave surface 1i4 or the base 3 by a support or a wire (not shown).

FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the reflector 50 viewed from the base 3 side.

In FIG. 6, the reflector 50 is made by joining two cylinders 51 and 52 with uneven sides such that their center lines are parallel to each other with a small distance between them. In the reflector 50, the center lines of the two cylinders 51 and 52 are parallel to the center line of the concave mirror 4, and the filament 2 is
It is arranged so that it is located on the border of two center lines.

Next, the effect will be explained.

A portion of the light rays 60 emitted from the filament 2 directly enters the concave mirror 4 . And ray 6.0
is reflected by the concave surface 114 and becomes a ray parallel to the center line of the concave mirror 40.

Further, some of the light rays 61 emitted from the filament 2 enter the reflector 5]. Since the filament 2 is located at a position slightly shifted from the center line of the cylinder 51, the light ray 61 reflected by the truncated conical side surface of the cylinder 51 is reflected to a region 53 located near the filament 2. Therefore, the optical path of the light rays 61 and 62 is less likely to be interrupted by the filament 2 or the support that fixes the filament 2.

Similarly, the light ray 62 incident on the side surface of the truncated cone forming the circle 1152 is reflected by the region 54.

The light rays 61.62 then pass through the region 53.54 and enter the concave surface 114. At this time, since the regions 53 and 54 are small regions and are located near the filament 2, the regions 53 and 54 can be regarded as point light sources located at the focal point with respect to the concave surface 114.

Therefore, the rays 61, 62 are reflected by the concave surface I4 and become rays parallel to the center line.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the gaylament 2 is arranged at the focal position of the concave surface 114, and the side surfaces of the plurality of truncated cones are
The cylinder 51 is a reflector 50 in which the cylinders 51 and 52, which are joined together at an angle of 0 degrees, are joined so that their center lines are parallel.
．． 52 were installed so that the center lines of the concave surfaces H4 sandwiched therebetween and were parallel to each other.

Therefore, most of the light rays emitted from the filament 2 are reflected by the concave mirror 4 and become parallel light. As a result, the efficiency of the lamp improves, making it possible to make it smaller, lighter, and consume less power.

In addition, the light [161, 62 is the area 53
．． 54, the light rays 61, 62 are less likely to be blocked or scattered by the filament 2. As a result, the efficiency of the lamp can be further improved.

In the fourth embodiment, two cylinders made of joined bodies of truncated conical sides are joined together, but three or more similar cylinders may be joined together.

Alternatively, instead of joining a plurality of cylinders, a single cylindrical reflector made of a joined body of truncated conical sides may be installed so that the center line of the reflector and the center line of the concave surface 114 are separated by a small distance. A similar effect can be obtained.

In addition, in the four embodiments described above, the filament 2 is installed at the focal point of the concave mirror 4, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the aperture angle of the light emitted from the lamp may be changed by moving the filament 2 closer to the cap 3 side or closer to the lens 5 side.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the filament 2 is used as a light source.
was used, but other light sources such as discharge lamps may also be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a light source is installed near the focal point of a concave mirror, and a plurality of truncated cone side surfaces are joined at their large ends and small ends, and the joining angle of the large end is 90 degrees. The body was installed so that the center line of the reflector and the center line of the concave mirror coincided.

Therefore, most of the light emitted from the light source and incident on the reflector is reflected at the light source or near the light source. As a result, the light rays emitted from the light source can be used effectively, and the efficiency of the lamp can be improved.

Therefore, while ensuring a sufficient amount of light, the device can be made smaller and
The advantage is that weight reduction and power consumption can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the first embodiment, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operating principle of the first embodiment, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the second embodiment, and Fig. 4 is the third embodiment. 5 is a sectional view of the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the reflector of the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are cross-sectional views showing a conventional example. 2...Filament, 4...Concave mirror, 10...Reflector Patent applicant Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. 'Is1 Figure 3 Figure i14 Figure 5 161m 'i7/Ik7 Figure Ila Figure

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A light source, a reflector, and a concave mirror. It has a cylindrical shape with continuous unevenness, and each truncated cone side has an end with a large radius and an end with a small radius, and the end with a large radius on the side of one truncated cone The end of the other truncated cone side surface with a large radius is joined to the end portion of the other truncated cone side surface with a small radius, and the end portion of the other truncated cone side surface with a small radius is joined to the end portion of the other truncated cone side surface, and The angle at which the two truncated cone sides meet is 90 degrees, the light source is placed near the focal point of the concave mirror, and the reflector has one end located around the light source and the other end. A lamp, the end portion of which is located closer to the opening end of the concave mirror than the light source, and which is arranged such that the center line of the reflector substantially coincides with the center line of the concave mirror.