JPH0420726A - Package air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve comfortableness and heating efficiency by forming the whole front surface of the body of unit from a material having good thermal radiation characteristics as a radiation panel, forming an air suction port on the rear side of upper surface of the body, and forming a hot air blowoff port on the forward side of upper surface of unit. CONSTITUTION:During a heating operation, a cold air opening 40 is closed by means of a damper 42, while a hot air opening 41 is opened. The indoor air having been drawn into a rear left room 26 through an air suction port 37 by means of a fan 30 is passed through a heat exchanger 31 to be heated therein, then into a forward left room 24 from a hot air opening 41, through an opening 28, then into a forward right room 25 and blown off upwardly out of a hot air blowoff port 39 into the room. When the heated air enters the room 24 and 25, the front side (radiation panel 36) of the body 21 of unit is heated, so that radiant heat is radiated from the front side (panel 36) against a perimeter region P. On the other hand, the opening 40 is opened by means of the damper 42 and the opening 41 is closed. In this case, cooling air does not flow through a hot air passage and hence the front side is not cooled unnecessarily, preventing the dewing from occurring.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention aims to control indoor circulation in the perimeter area, which is the outer periphery of indoor rooms of medium-sized or larger office buildings, in order to prevent mixing loss in air conditioning systems. This paper relates to improvements to packaged air conditioners that are optimal for carrying out the following tasks.

(Conventional technology) In recent years, with the systemization of architecture in office buildings of medium or larger size, air conditioning equipment has also been systemized.
As shown in Figure 1, there are many examples in which different air conditioning systems are adopted for a perimeter area P, which is the inner and outer periphery of a building, and an interior area T, which is the core of the building. For example, a fan coil unit 1 is used in the perimeter area P, and a normal ceiling air outlet 2 is used in the interior area (2).

In this case, in the winter, the fan coil unit l supplies warm air (e.g., 35°C) with an amount of heat commensurate with the heat transfer loss from the outer wall of the building, window glass 3, etc. to the perimeter area P; In the continuous interior area I, there is heat generated indoors due to indoor lighting, people in the room, office equipment, etc., and it is necessary to supply cooling heat even in winter.
Since cold air (for example, 16 to 18° C.) is supplied from the air, two independently controlled heat supply systems coexist within one continuous air.

By the way, in order to increase the comfort level of the perimeter area P, the temperature θp ('C) of the perimeter area P is set higher than the temperature θl ('C) of the interior area I.

However, since it is not isolated from the perimeter area P and the interior area I, the boundary area P is defined as shown in the figure.

■The airflow or mixing of air occurs, and the supplied cold and hot heat interfere with each other, increasing the heat load of the partitions P and I, respectively, resulting in mixing heat loss of the indoor air, and unnecessarily large amount of cold and hot air. was being supplied, wasting energy.

Here, the higher the set temperature of the perimeter area P compared to that of the interior area I, the greater the mixing loss will be, and conversely, the lower the set temperature, the greater the loss will be prevented, so the set temperature of the perimeter area P The lower the temperature, the better in terms of energy, but in winter, the surface temperature of the outer walls, window glass 3, etc. is naturally low, so the perimeter area P is strongly affected by the cold radiation, and cold drafts occur. Therefore, the floor surface and the vicinity of the floor are easily cooled.

In this way, since the feeling of cooling is further promoted in the perimeter area P, the conventional idea has been to set the set temperature higher than in the interior area I to maintain a constant level of comfort.

For this reason, the difference in set temperature between perimeter area P and interior area I has a very large effect on the mixing loss, but simply setting the set temperature of perimeter area P to be the same as or lower than interior area I means that As mentioned above, there is an environmental problem, and conversely, increasing the temperature also has the problem of significantly increasing the mixing loss as mentioned above.

By the way, as techniques for installing a radiant panel on the front side of a fan coil unit, proposals have been made for installing an electric panel (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-33091) and installing a panel-type heat exchanger (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-13151). However, since both require a separate electrical panel and heat exchanger, installation is cumbersome and expensive, and there is also a large risk of wire breakage and water leakage.

Therefore, in JP-A No. 60-30926, the aim is to prevent the mixing loss of cold and hot heat supplied in the perimeter area and interior area of a building, and to maintain the comfort of the indoor environment. During heating, the set temperature in the perimeter area is controlled to be approximately the same as or lower than the set temperature in the interior area, while the surface temperature of the radiant panel installed in front of the fan coil unit in the perimeter area is controlled to be equal to or lower than the set temperature in the interior area. A method for preventing mixing loss in an air conditioning system configured to control the temperature higher than a set temperature has been proposed.

According to this method, the problem of mixing loss is improved by controlling the set temperature in the perimeter area to be approximately the same as or lower than the set temperature in the interior area, while the environmental problem is solved by controlling the set temperature in the perimeter area to be approximately the same as or lower than the set temperature in the interior area. By controlling the surface temperature of the area to be higher than the set temperature of the perimeter area, it is possible to strengthen heat radiation, promote a feeling of heat, and improve comfort.

On the other hand, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 1-88231 proposes a package air conditioner that can be optimally used in place of the fan coil unit in the method for preventing mixing loss in an air conditioning system as described above.

Such a package air conditioner has at least a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, and a fan built into the unit body, and circulates the medium cooled or heated by the refrigerator to the heat exchanger, and also sucks the medium from the suction port by the fan. In a package air conditioner that blows indoor air indoors from an outlet through a heat exchanger, the front surface of the unit body is formed as a radiant panel from a material with good heat radiation, and the unit body has a A partition wall material forming a hot air passage is provided between the front surface and the partition wall material, and a hot air introduction port is provided on the partition wall material to introduce air heated by the heat exchanger into the hot air passage. The system is characterized by being equipped with a damper that closes during cooling and opens during heating.

When this packaged air conditioner is used in different air conditioning systems for the perimeter area, which is the outer periphery of the room, and the interior area, which is the core part of the room, during heating,
When the set temperature of the perimeter area is controlled to be approximately equal to or lower than the set temperature of the interior area, the surface temperature of the front radiant panel of the package air conditioner placed in the perimeter area will be lower than the set temperature of the perimeter area. so that it is controlled so that it is also high.

However, with this packaged air conditioner, when using a fan coil unit as in the past, piping equipment was required from outside for the coil inside the unit body, but when using a packaged air conditioner, does not require external piping equipment for the coil, making installation easy and inexpensive, and running costs are low as there is little energy loss during piping. Therefore, unlike a fan coil unit, it is possible to perform efficient cooling and heating operations for each facility space.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The basic object of the present invention is to further improve the comfort level in the above-mentioned package air conditioner.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, in the first aspect of the present invention, at least a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, and a fan are incorporated in a unit main body, and a medium cooled or heated by the refrigerator is heated. In a package air conditioner in which room air is circulated through an exchanger and indoor air sucked in from an inlet by a fan is blown into the room from an outlet through a heat exchanger, the unit main body includes:
It is formed in the shape of an oblong rectangular box, and the entire front surface of the unit body is formed as a radiant panel from a material with good heat radiation, and a partition material is provided inside the unit body to form a hot air passage between it and the front surface. An air suction port is formed on the rear side of the upper surface of the unit body, a cold air outlet is formed on one side of the upper front side of the unit body, a hot air outlet is formed on the other side, and A switching member is provided inside the unit to introduce air cooled by the heat exchanger to the cold air outlet during cooling, and to introduce air heated by the heat exchanger to the hot air outlet via the hot air passage during heating. It is characterized by the fact that

Further, the second invention is a device in which the positions of the air inlet, cold air outlet, and hot air outlet of the first invention are changed, and the cold air outlet is formed on the front side of the upper surface of the unit main body. An air inlet is formed on one side of the lower front side of the unit body, a hot air outlet is formed on the other side, and hot air outlets are formed on the front sides of both sides of the unit body. It is.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) According to the first invention, since the entire front surface of the horizontally long square box-shaped unit body is the radiant panel, the front surface (radiant panel)
The range in which radiant heat is radiated to the perimeter area becomes wider, improving comfort.

In addition, an air intake port is formed on the rear side of the top surface of the unit body,
Since the hot air outlet is formed on the other front side of the upper surface of the unit body, the cold (down) draft near the window and the warm air outlet airflow do not interfere with each other in winter, improving heating efficiency.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect that the range in which radiant heat is radiated to the perimeter area is widened, as in the first aspect of the present invention, the hot air outlet is connected to one side of the lower front side of the unit main body, Because it is formed on the front side of both sides of the unit body, even if the unit bodies are placed apart from each other for versatility and cost reduction, hot air is blown out from the hot air outlets on the front side of both sides, allowing the air to flow easily from the window. cold radiation is blocked, improving comfort.

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 7, the package air conditioner 20 of the first embodiment arranged along the window 3 of the perimeter area P is an air-cooled heat pump package unit combined with a radiant panel, The air conditioner 20 includes a unit body 21 in the shape of an oblong rectangular box, and inside the unit body 21,
A first partition wall material 22 in the left-right direction and a second partition wall material 23 in the front-rear direction
and the anterior left ventricle 24, the anterior right ventricle 25, the posterior left ventricle 26, and the posterior right ventricle 2.
It is divided into 7.

An opening 28 in the form of a hollow layer is formed in the lower part of the second partition material 23 between the anterior left ventricle 24 and the anterior right ventricle 25.
and the anterior right ventricle 25 are in communication.

The front left chamber 24 and the front right chamber 25 form a hot air passage.

The entire front surface of the unit main body 2I facing the hot air passage is made of a metal material or the like with good heat radiation, and is heated by the heated air passing through the hot air passage and acts as a radiant panel 36.

In the first embodiment, an inverted-shaped decorative panel 46 (see FIG. 1) is attached to the front surface of the unit main body 21 (radiation panel
), or the front plate (radiation panel 36) may be directly attached to the unit main body 21.

A cold air duct 29 is attached to the upper part of the front left chamber 24.

An air blower (fan) 30 is placed in the lower part of the rear left chamber 26, and a heat exchanger 31 is placed in the upper part.

In the rear right chamber 27, an outside air blower 32, an outside air heat exchanger 33, and a compressor (heat pump) 34 are arranged in order from the right side to the left side.

The outside air introduced from the outside air port 35 by the outside air blower 32 passes through the heat exchanger 33 and is discharged to the outside from the outside air port 35, while the medium that has been cooled or heated by heat exchange with the outside air is compressed. The heat exchanger 34 circulates the heat to the heat exchanger 31 in the rear left chamber 26.

An air suction port 37 is formed on the rear side of the upper surface of the unit main body 21 to suck indoor air from above.

A cold air outlet 38 for blowing cold air upward is formed in the cold air duct 29 on the left side of the front side of the unit main body 21, and a hot air outlet 39 for blowing warm air upward is formed in the front right chamber 25 on the right side. is formed.

The first partition material 22 between the anterior left ventricle 24 and the posterior left ventricle 26 includes:
Cold air opening 40 communicating from the rear left ventricle 26 to the cold air duct 29
A warm air opening 41 communicating with the front left chamber 24 is provided, and a damper 42 is provided that alternately opens and closes each opening 40, 41. During cooling, the damper 42 closes the opening 41 and opens the opening 40. During heating, the opening 41 is opened and the opening 40 is closed.

If the package air conditioner 20 is configured as described above, the damper 42 closes the cold air opening 4o during heating, and the hot air opening 41
open.

The indoor air sucked into the rear left chamber 26 through the air suction port 37 by the blower 30 passes through the heat exchanger 3I and is heated, then enters the front left chamber 24 through the warm air opening 41 and passes through the opening 28. The hot air enters the front right chamber 25 and is blown upward into the room from the hot air outlet 39 (see the broken line in FIG. 7).

When the heated air enters the front left chamber 24 and the front right chamber 25, the front surface (radiation panel 36) of the unit body 21 is heated.

Thereby, radiant heat is radiated from the front surface (radiation panel) 36 to the perimeter area P.

For example, if the medium of the heat exchanger 31 is 60°C, the hot air coming out of the heat exchanger 31 is heated to around 50°C, and the front surface (radiation panel 36) is heated to 40 to 50°C by this warm air. Then, hot air of around 30° C. is blown out from the hot air outlet 36.

This warm air blown into the perimeter area P reaches a temperature of approximately 21 to 22°C due to the effect of heat transfer loss due to the outer wall 4, window glass 3, etc., and convects, while flowing into the interior area I from the normal air outlet 2. The blown cold air (16-18°C) becomes about 22°C due to the influence of the heat generated indoors and convects, so even if the air currents or air in the divisions P and 1 mix, as shown in Figure 10, Since the mountain air temperature is the same, there is no heat loss due to mixing. Furthermore, even if there is a difference in mountain air temperature, each air is close to the set temperature of the area, so even if they are mixed, they act in a direction to handle the heat load in each area, resulting in a heat gain due to mixing.

In addition, the outer wall 4. The cold radiation from the window glass 3, etc. is canceled out by the thermal radiation from the front of the package air conditioner 20 (radiation panel 36), so the cold sensation is greatly alleviated and a warm sensation is generated, which lowers the perimeter set temperature. Comfort can be improved without having to set it as high as in the past.

Figure 9 shows data showing the relationship between environmental conditions and clothing surface temperature when working in an office with a comfortable thermal environment. The surface temperature of clothing considering office workability is approximately 27 to 2.
Assuming that the range of 8°C is comfortable [in interior area I, the surface temperature of clothing is a constant temperature d], the temperature change when the radiant panel 36 is at the same temperature as the room temperature (22°C - same as the conventional method without the radiant panel) A is 4. from the window. Although it will not be in the comfortable range unless the distance is 5 m or more, the temperature change of the radiant panel 36 is b(
When the temperature is 40℃ (40℃), even 1m from the window is a comfortable range, and when the temperature change is 70℃ (70℃), it is comfortable to stay 1m from the window.
You can see that it gets a little too hot up to that point, and it becomes comfortable from 2m onwards.

On the other hand, during cooling, the damper 42 opens the cold air opening 40 and closes the hot air opening 41.

The indoor air sucked into the rear left ventricle 26 from the air suction port 37 by the blower 30 passes through the heat exchanger 31 and is cooled, and then enters the cold air duct 29 from the cold air opening 40 and enters the cold air duct 29. The cold air is blown upward into the room from the cold air outlet 38 (see the dashed line in FIG. 7).

In this case, the cooling air does not pass through the hot air passage, so the front (
The radiant panel 36) will not be unnecessarily cooled and condensation will not occur. Also, the radiant panel 36 and the radiant panel 36! The hot air passage between the partition wall material 22 becomes a stagnant air layer and also functions as a heat insulating layer.

Moreover, the package air conditioner 20 can also be controlled as follows.

When there is little variation in the heating load, the difference between the temperature of the air blown from the package air conditioner 20 and the set room temperature is small, so the temperature of the air blown can be controlled by controlling the amount of air blown or the medium. As a result, the surface temperature of the radiant panel 36 also changes following the control of the air temperature.

By the way, the composition ratios of radiation and convection components that make up the thermal environment of a living room are considered to be almost constant regardless of changes in the load (50% convection, 50% radiation), and the conventional indoor air temperature Through control, it is also possible to control the surface temperature of the panel, which becomes a radiant component in the package.

In other words, in a conventional fan coil unit with an electric heater attached to the front panel, the radiation system and convection system are parallel and have no mutual relationship with each other. It is necessary to detect the blowout temperature using a separate thermometer and to control the radiant components via a control converter, which increases costs.

On the other hand, in the packaged air conditioner 20 of the present invention, the radiation system and the convection system are connected in series and each has its own interrelationship, so when the convection component is controlled by the room temperature detection thermometer, the radiation component is also automatically controlled. Therefore, there is no need for a separate sensor or control converter.

However, if the package air conditioner 20 has the above configuration,
Since the entire front surface of the horizontally rectangular box-shaped unit body 21 is the radiation panel 36 (see hatching in FIG. 1), the front surface (
The range in which the radiant heat is radiated from the radiant panel 36) to the perimeter area P becomes wider, improving comfort.

In addition, since the air suction port 37 is formed on the rear side of the upper surface of the unit body 21 and the hot air outlet 39 is formed on the other side of the upper surface of the unit body 21 on the front side, cold (down) drafts and warm air blow out from the window 3 in winter. There is no interference with airflow, improving heating efficiency.

In the first embodiment, the method of keeping the surface temperature of the radiant panel 36 constant (for example, around 40°C) is to detect the indoor intake air temperature and the radiant panel temperature, and to combine the changes in capacity and air volume by the inverter. One possible method is to maintain the room temperature constant while keeping the panel surface temperature around 40°C.

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 12, there is a method of converting the frequency using an inverter and controlling the capacity of the unit to maintain the suction air temperature at a set temperature, and as shown in Fig. 13,
There is a method to maintain the panel temperature around 40 degrees Celsius by controlling the air volume by controlling the rotation speed of the blower 30.In addition, in the latter method, in addition to controlling the surface temperature of the blower, the temperature of the blowing air is used. It is also possible to do so.

The package air conditioner 45 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 and 8 basically has the same configuration as the package air conditioner 20 of the first embodiment , the positions of the cold air outlet 38 and the warm air outlet 39 are different.

That is, a cold air outlet 38 for blowing out cold air upward is formed on the front side of the upper surface of the unit body 21.
The front left chamber 241 located on the left side of the lower front side of 1 is formed with an air suction port 37 that sucks indoor air from below, and the front right chamber 25 located on the right side is formed with an air inlet 37 that blows out hot air downward. A wind outlet 39A is formed.

Further, second hot air outlets 39B, 39B are formed on both sides of the unit main body 21 to blow out hot air to both sides.

Note that the second partition material 23 that partitions the anterior left ventricle 24 and the anterior right ventricle 35 is not provided.

Further, the air suction port 37 is provided with a damper 43 that can open and close the suction port 37 .

If the package air conditioner 45 is configured as described above, during heating, the damper 42 closes the cold air opening 40 and the hot air opening 41 closes.
open.

The indoor air sucked into the rear left ventricle 26 from the air suction port 37 by the blower 30 passes through the heat exchanger 3) and is heated.
5, and is blown downward into the room from the hot air outlet 39A, and at the same time is blown out from the warm air outlets 39B, 39B to both sides into the room (see the broken line in FIG. 7).

When the heated air enters the front left chamber 24 and the front right chamber 25, the front surface (radiation panel 36) of the unit body 21 is heated.

On the other hand, during cooling, the damper 42 opens the cold air opening 40 and warm air opening 4! Close.

The indoor air sucked into the rear left ventricle 26 from the air suction port 37 by the blower 30 passes through the heat exchanger 31 and is cooled, and then enters the cold air duct 29.29 from the cold air opening 40. The cold air is blown upward into the room from the cold air outlet 38 (see the dashed line in FIG. 7).

However, if the package air conditioner 45 has the above configuration,
Similar to the first embodiment, in addition to the effect of widening the range of radiant heat radiated to the verimeta area, the hot air outlet 39A
, 39B, 39B are formed on the lower right side of the front surface of the unit body 21 and on the front sides of both sides of the unit body 21,
Unit body 21 for versatility and cost reduction, etc.
Even if they are spaced apart from each other, the warm air blowing out from the hot air outlets 39B, 39B on the front side of both sides blocks cold radiation from the window, improving comfort.

In the second embodiment, the method of keeping the surface temperature of the radiant panel 36 constant (for example, around 40°C) is as follows.
As shown in the figure, the panel surface temperature is detected and the damper 43
There is a method of keeping the blowing temperature around 40° C. by controlling the opening degree of the blower and returning a part of the blowing air to the suction port.

In each of the above embodiments, an air-cooled (air heat source type) heat pot is used as an example, but it goes without saying that a water-cooled (water heat source type) or other type of package unit may be used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the package air conditioner of the first embodiment;
3 is a side sectional view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the package air conditioner of the second embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a front view of the package air conditioner. Fig. 6 is a side view of Fig. 5, Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the flow of hot air and cold air in the package air conditioner of the first embodiment, and Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the hot air and cold air of the package air conditioner of the second embodiment. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between environmental conditions and the surface temperature of clothing, and FIG. 10 is a side view showing the air conditioning system according to the present invention.
Figure 11 is a side view showing a conventional air conditioning system;
FIG. 2, FIG. 13, and FIG. 14 are graphs each showing a method of controlling the package air conditioner. 20.45...Packaged air conditioner, 21...Unit body, 22.23...Partition wall material, 24
・Anterior left ventricle, 25 ・Anterior right ventricle, 26 ・Posterior left ventricle, 27 ・
Rear right ventricle, 30・Blower, 3I Heat exchanger, 34...Compressor, 36...Radiation panel, 37...Air suction port, 38 Cold air outlet, 39.39A, 39B・Warm air outlet. Patent applicant: Ishimoto Architects Co., Ltd. and one other agent
Patent attorney Aoyama Ao and one other person Figure 2 Figure 5 Figure 6 L)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) At least a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, and a fan are built into the unit body, and the medium cooled or heated by the refrigerator is circulated to the heat exchanger, and the medium is sucked into the room from the suction port by the fan. In a package air conditioner that blows air indoors from an outlet through a heat exchanger, the unit body is formed in the shape of an oblong rectangular box, and the entire front surface of the unit body is made of a material with good heat radiation. Formed as a panel, a partition material is provided in the unit body to form a hot air passage between the unit body and the front surface, an air suction port is formed on the rear side of the top surface of the unit body, and an air suction port is formed on the front side of the top surface of the unit body. A cold air outlet is formed on one side, and a hot air outlet is formed on the other side.Inside the unit body, air cooled by a heat exchanger is introduced into the cold air outlet during cooling, and heat exchange is performed during heating. 1. A package air conditioner characterized by being provided with a switching member that introduces air heated by the device to a hot air outlet through a hot air passage. (2) At least a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, and a fan are built into the unit body, and the medium cooled or heated by the refrigerator is circulated to the heat exchanger, and indoor air is sucked in from the suction port by the fan. In a package air conditioner in which air is blown into the room from an outlet through a heat exchanger, the unit body is formed in the shape of an oblong rectangular box, and the entire front surface of the unit body is covered with a radiant panel made of a material with good heat radiation. A partition wall material is provided in the unit main body to form a hot air passage between the unit main body and the front surface, a cold air outlet is formed in the upper front side of the unit main body, and a cold air outlet is formed in the upper front side of the unit main body. An air intake port is formed on one side,
A hot air outlet is formed on the other side, a hot air outlet is formed on the front side of both sides of the unit body, and the unit body has a hot air outlet for introducing air cooled by a heat exchanger into the cold air outlet during cooling. A package air conditioner, characterized in that it is provided with a switching member that introduces air heated by a heat exchanger to a hot air outlet through a hot air passage during heating.