JPH04224347A - Friction type continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a tilting mechanism to tilt respective rollers and control tilting operation easily and accurately in a troidal type continuously variable transmission which rotates while coming into contact with both disks in an offset position from these shaft centers between an input disk and an output disk coaxially arranged so as to be opposed to each other and has plural number of tiltable rollers and transmits rotation of the input disk to the output disk after changing speed in a continuously variable stage according to tilt angles by tilting these rollers. CONSTITUTION:A friction type continuous variable transmission is constituted in such a way that the tilting center 12a of plural number of rollers 12 arranged between an input disk and an output disk so as to be rotatable and tiltable is offset from the rotational plane on the rotational center line 12b of the rollers 12, and that the input and output disks 10 and 11 are moved in the prescribed direction on an input shaft 9 by means of hydraulic cylinders 13 and 14 under a condition that they are brought into contact with the respective rollers 12 so as to tilt the respective rollers 12 simultaneously in the same direction at the same angle.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a friction type continuously variable transmission, and more particularly, to a friction type continuously variable transmission. The friction type continuously variable transmission has a plurality of tiltable rollers, and tilts these rollers to steplessly change the speed of the rotation of the input member according to the tilting angle and transmit it to the output member. Regarding machines.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art As a type of continuously variable transmission that can steplessly change the speed of the engine and transmit it to the output shaft, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-47063, an input disk that rotates integrally with the input disk; an output disk that is loosely fitted to the input shaft facing the input disk; and an output disk that rotates in contact with both disks between the output disk and the input disk; A toroidal device having a plurality of tiltably arranged rollers, and configured to tilt these rollers, steplessly change the speed of the rotation of the input disk according to the tilt angle, and output the rotation to the output disk. A continuously variable transmission is known, in which the rotation of an input disk that rotates integrally with the input shaft is changed at a desired gear ratio by tilting each of the above-mentioned rollers through individually provided tilting means. and output to the output disk.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the toroidal type continuously variable transmission described above, the tilting means for tilting the plurality of rollers in order to change the rotation of the input disk at a desired gear ratio is configured to As a result, the entire continuously variable transmission of this type becomes large in size and its structure becomes complicated.

[0004] Furthermore, since each of the rollers is tilted by an individual tilting means, there is a risk that the tilting angles of each roller may differ. In addition, if there is a deviation in the tilt angle of each roller, it will be difficult to change the rotation of the input disk at the desired gear ratio and transmit it to the output disk, and the transmission efficiency will be significantly reduced. This will result in a decline.

[0005] The present invention addresses the above-mentioned situation.
A plurality of rollers are provided between an input member and an output member which are disposed facing each other on the same axis, and which rotate in contact with both members at positions offset from their axes and are tiltable. In a friction type continuously variable transmission that tilts the input member and continuously changes the speed of the rotation of the input member according to the tilt angle and transmits the rotation to the output member, the mechanism for tilting each of the rollers is simplified, and It is an object of the present invention to improve the controllability of the tilting operation by making it possible to tilt each roller easily and accurately.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by the following structure.

First, the invention according to the first claim of the present application (hereinafter referred to as the first invention) comprises: an output member disposed coaxially facing an input member and connected to an output shaft; It rotates between the input member and the input member in contact with both members at a position offset from their axes, and is tiltable, so that the rotation of the input member is transmitted to the output member at a stepless speed according to the tilting angle. In a friction type continuously variable transmission having a plurality of rollers, the tilting center of the roller is offset from the rotation plane on the rotation center line of the roller, and the input member and the output member are in contact with the roller on their axes. The present invention is characterized in that it is movable in this state, and is provided with a moving means for moving both members in the axial direction.

Further, the invention according to the second claim of the present application (hereinafter referred to as the second invention) is a friction type continuously variable transmission having the same structure as the first invention, in which the moving means is the input member. The roller pressing hydraulic chamber is configured of a hydraulic cylinder provided integrally with the output member and a hydraulic cylinder provided integrally with the output member, and each hydraulic cylinder is provided with a hydraulic pressure chamber for applying hydraulic pressure in a direction in which the input/output member is pressed against the roller. It is characterized in that it is also provided with a moving hydraulic chamber that moves the input/output member in the axial direction by applying hydraulic pressure in a direction opposite to the direction in which the hydraulic pressure is applied by the hydraulic chamber.

[0009]

[Operation] According to the first invention, the tilting centers of the plurality of rollers are offset from the rotation plane on the rotation center line of the rollers, and the input member and the output member are in contact with each roller on their axes. Since the input/output member is moved in a predetermined direction on the axis by the moving means, each roller is tilted about the offset tilting center. As a result, the rotation of the input member is changed in speed at a gear ratio according to the tilt angle of each roller and is output to the output member. Therefore, there is no need to provide a tilting means for each roller as in the past, and all the rollers can be tilted in the same direction and at the same angle by simply moving the input/output member in the axial direction using the drive means. , the mechanism for tilting each roller is simplified, and as a result, the entire continuously variable transmission becomes more compact.

Furthermore, since all the rollers are tilted simultaneously in the same direction and at the same angle, control for tilting each roller can be performed extremely easily, and deviations in the tilting angles between the rollers can be prevented. This makes it possible to accurately change the rotation speed of the input member at a desired speed ratio without reducing transmission efficiency.

According to the second invention, the moving means for moving the input/output member and tilting each roller includes a hydraulic cylinder provided integrally with the input member and a hydraulic cylinder provided integrally with the output member. Since it is composed of a cylinder and a cylinder, it is possible to tilt all the rollers at the same time in the same direction and at the same angle by simply configuring two hydraulic circuits for the plurality of rollers, similar to the first invention above. In addition, there is no need to provide a tilting means for each roller, and the mechanism for tilting each roller is simplified.As a result, the entire continuously variable transmission is made more compact, and each roller It is extremely easy to control the tilting of the input member, and also prevents deviations in the tilting angle between the rollers.This allows the rotation of the input member to be accurately changed at the desired gear ratio without reducing transmission efficiency. becomes possible.

In particular, according to the second invention, by adjusting the hydraulic pressure supplied to the roller pressing hydraulic chamber provided in each hydraulic cylinder as a moving means, the pressing force of the input/output member against the roller can be adjusted appropriately. This allows the durability of the input/output member or each roller to be improved.

Furthermore, each of the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinders is provided with a roller pressing hydraulic chamber and a moving hydraulic chamber that generate hydraulic pressure in opposite directions, so that as the input/output member rotates, these hydraulic chambers Centrifugal oil pressure is generated in opposite directions, and this centrifugal oil pressure cancels out, preventing changes in the pressing force of these two members against the roller due to changes in the rotation of the input and output members. .

[0014]

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a vehicle 1 according to this embodiment includes a torque converter 3 connected to an output shaft 2a of an engine 2, a planetary gear mechanism 4 to which the output of the torque converter 3 is transmitted, and a planetary gear mechanism 4 connected to an output shaft 2a of an engine 2. Planetary gear mechanism 4
The toroidal continuously variable transmission has a toroidal continuously variable transmission 5 to which the output of the continuously variable transmission 5 is transmitted, and a differential mechanism 7 connected to an output shaft 6 to which the output of the continuously variable transmission 5 is transmitted. The rotation of the engine 2, which has been changed in speed by the speed changer 5, is input to the differential mechanism via the output shaft 6, and thereby the left and right axles 8, 8 are rotationally driven.

The torque converter 3 includes a pump 3b integrated with a casing 3a connected to the output shaft 2a of the engine 2, and a turbine 3 disposed opposite to the pump 3b.
The rotation of a turbine shaft 3e, which rotates integrally with the turbine 3c, is input to the planetary gear mechanism 4, which rotates integrally with the turbine shaft 3e. a carrier 4a, a plurality of pinion gears 4b rotatably supported by the carrier 4a, and each pinion gear 4.
a ring gear 4c that meshes with the pinion gear b; a sun gear 4d that also meshes with each of the pinion gears 4b;
A first clutch 4e for fixing or freely rotating c.
and a second clutch 4f for fixing the carrier 4a to the ring gear 4c or allowing the carrier 4a to freely rotate with respect to the ring gear 4c. When the first clutch 4e is engaged and the ring gear 4c is fixed, the sun gear 4d is in a reverse rotation state with respect to the rotation of the engine 2, and the first clutch 4e is released and the second clutch 4f is engaged. In this case, the sun gear is rotated in the same direction as the rotation of the 4d engine 2.

Next, to explain in more detail the structure of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission 5, as shown in FIGS. a shaft 9; an input disk 10 that rotates integrally with the input shaft 9 and is movable in the axial direction; The output disk 11 is movable in the direction, and the output disk 11 and the input disk 10 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the input shaft 9 with the peripheral surfaces of the disks 10 and 11 in rolling contact with each other. A plurality of rollers 12 are provided and are rotatable and tiltable.
...12. The tilting center 12a of each roller 12 is offset in the direction of the rotation center line 12b of the roller 12, and a hydraulic cylinder 13 is provided integrally with the input disk 10, and an output disk A hydraulic cylinder 14 is provided integrally with the input/output disks 10, 11 and each hydraulic cylinder 13,
Hydraulic chambers 15 and 16 are formed between the two and 14, respectively. As a result, each roller 1
2 is not tilted in any direction and when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 15, the input disk 10 moves toward the output disk 11 on the input shaft 9, and as a result,
Each roller 12 is tilted as shown by the solid line, and in this state, the rotation of the input disk 10 is decelerated and output to the output disk 11, and as shown in FIG. If supplied, the output disk 11
moves toward the input disk 10 on the input shaft 9, and as a result, each roller 12 moves in the opposite direction to the above, increasing the rotation speed of the input disk 10 and outputting it to the output disk 11. There is. The rotation of the output disk 11 is controlled by an output gear 1 provided integrally with a hydraulic cylinder 14.
4a to an input gear 6a that is integrated with the output shaft 6, and is transmitted to an input gear 7b that is integrated with the casing 7a of the differential mechanism 7 via a gear 6b that is provided at the end of the output shaft 6. It is designed to be rotated.

According to the above configuration, the tilting centers 12a of the plurality of rollers 12 are offset in the direction of the rotation center line 12b of the rollers 12, and the input disk 10 and the output disk 11 are Since it is moved by hydraulic cylinders 13 and 14 while in contact with each roller 12 on the shaft 9, each roller can be moved by moving the input/output disks 10 and 11 in a predetermined direction on the input shaft 9. 12 is offset tilting center 12a
As a result, the rotation of the input disk 10 is changed in speed at a gear ratio according to the tilt angle of each roller 12 and output to the output disk 11. Therefore, there is no need to provide a tilting means for each roller 12 as in the conventional case, and each hydraulic cylinder 13,
14, by simply moving the input/output disks 10, 11 in the axial direction, all the rollers 12 are tilted in the same direction and at the same angle, simplifying the mechanism for tilting each roller 12. Accordingly, the entire continuously variable transmission 5 is made more compact.

Furthermore, since all the rollers 12 are tilted in the same direction and at the same angle, control for tilting each roller 12 can be performed extremely easily, and deviations in the tilting angles between the rollers 12 can be prevented. This makes it possible to accurately change the rotation speed of the input member at a desired speed ratio without reducing transmission efficiency.

4 to 6 show an embodiment of the second invention, and a vehicle 21 according to this embodiment includes a torque converter 2 connected to an output shaft 22a of an engine 22.
3, a planetary gear mechanism 24 to which the output of this torque converter 23 is transmitted, and this planetary gear mechanism 24
The toroidal continuously variable transmission has a toroidal continuously variable transmission 25 to which the output of the continuously variable transmission 25 is transmitted, and a differential mechanism 27 connected to an output shaft 26 to which the output of the continuously variable transmission 25 is transmitted. The rotation of the engine 22 whose speed has been changed by 25 is input to the differential mechanism 27 via the output shaft 26, whereby the left and right axles 28, 28 are rotationally driven.

The torque converter 23 is connected to the engine 2.
The rotation of a turbine shaft 23e, which rotates integrally with the turbine 23c, includes a pump 23b integrated with a casing 23a connected to the output shaft 22a of No. 2, a turbine 23c disposed opposite to the pump 23b, and a stator 23d. is input to the planetary gear mechanism 24, which includes a carrier 24a that rotates integrally with the turbine shaft 23e,
A plurality of pinion gears 24b rotatably supported by the carrier 24a, a ring gear 24c meshing with each pinion gear 24b, a sun gear 24d meshing with each of the pinion gears 24b, and a ring gear 24c for fixing or rotating the ring gear 24c. A carrier 24a is fixed to the first clutch 24e and the ring gear 24c,
Alternatively, it includes a second clutch 24f for making the carrier 24a rotatable with respect to the ring gear 24c. When the first clutch 24e is engaged and the ring gear 24c is fixed, the sun gear 24d is in a reverse rotation state with respect to the rotation of the engine 22, and the first clutch 24e is released and the second clutch 24f is engaged. In this case, the sun gear 24d is rotated in the same direction as the rotation of the engine 22.

Next, to explain in more detail the structure of the toroidal continuously variable transmission 25, as shown in FIGS. a shaft 29; an input disk 30 that rotates integrally with the input shaft 29 and is movable in the axial direction; An output disk 31 that is movable in the direction, and both disks 30 between the output disk 31 and the input disk 30,
It has a plurality of rollers 32 . . . 32 which are disposed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the input shaft 29 with the peripheral surface portions in rolling contact with the input shaft 31 and are rotatable and tiltable. The tilt center 32a of each roller 32 is aligned with the rotation center line 3 of the roller 32.
2b, a hydraulic cylinder 33 is provided integrally with the input disk 30, and a hydraulic cylinder 33 is provided integrally with the output disk 31.
4, the hydraulic cylinder 33 has a roller pressing hydraulic chamber 35a that applies a pressing force to the roller 32 via the input disk 30, and a moving hydraulic chamber 35b that moves the input disk 30 in the axial direction. The hydraulic cylinder 34 includes a roller pressing hydraulic chamber 36a that applies a pressing force to the roller 32 via the output disk 31, and a moving hydraulic chamber 36b that moves the output disk 31 in the axial direction. is attached. As a result, as shown by the chain lines in FIG. 31 side, and as a result, each roller 32 is tilted as shown by the solid line. In this state, the rotation of the input disk 30 is decelerated and the output disk 31
Also, as shown in FIG. 6, when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 35b, the output disc 31 is connected to the input shaft 29
The rollers 32 are tilted in the opposite direction to the above, and the input disk 3
0 rotation is accelerated and output to the output disk 31. The rotation of the output disk 31 is transmitted to an input gear 26a that is integrated with the output shaft 26 via an output gear 34a that is integrated with the hydraulic cylinder 34, and a gear 26b that is provided at the end of the output shaft 26. An input gear 27b integrally provided in the casing 27a of the differential mechanism 27 is rotated through the casing 27a of the differential mechanism 27.

According to the above configuration, the moving means for tilting each roller 32 is composed of the hydraulic cylinder 33 provided integrally with the input disk 30 and the hydraulic cylinder 34 provided integrally with the output disk 31. Therefore, by simply configuring two hydraulic circuits for a plurality of rollers 32, it is possible to tilt all the rollers 32 in the same direction and at the same angle at the same time, and as in the first invention, each roller There is no need to provide a tilting means for each roller 3.
The mechanism for tilting each roller 32 is simplified, and as a result, the entire continuously variable transmission 25 is made more compact, and the control for tilting each roller 32 is extremely easily performed. Moreover, deviations in the tilt angles between the rollers 32 are prevented, thereby making it possible to accurately change the rotation speed of the input disk 30 at a desired speed ratio without reducing transmission efficiency.

In particular, according to the second invention, the pressing force of the input/output disks 30, 31 against the roller 32 can be appropriately adjusted by adjusting the hydraulic pressure supplied to each of the hydraulic chambers 35a, 36a. This makes it possible to
The durability of the input/output disks 30, 31 or each roller 32 is improved.

Furthermore, each of the hydraulic cylinders 33 and 34 includes:
Hydraulic chamber 35a for roller pressing that generates hydraulic pressure in the opposite direction
, 36a and the movable hydraulic chambers 35b, 36b are provided together, so that as the input/output disks 30, 31 rotate, these hydraulic chambers 35a, 35b to 36a,
Centrifugal oil pressure in opposite directions is generated in 6b, and this centrifugal oil pressure is canceled out, so that the input/output disks 30, 31
This prevents changes in the pressing force of these disks 30, 31 against the roller 32 due to rotational changes.

[0026]

According to the first invention, by moving the input/output member in a predetermined direction on the axis by the moving means, each roller is tilted about the offset tilting center. The rotation of the input member is changed in speed at a gear ratio according to the tilt angle of each roller and is output to the output member. Therefore, unlike in the past, there is no need to provide a tilting means for each roller, and all the rollers can be tilted in the same direction and at the same angle by simply moving the input/output member in the axial direction using the moving means. Become,
The mechanism for tilting each roller is simplified, and accordingly, the entire continuously variable transmission can be configured more compactly.

Furthermore, since all the rollers are tilted in the same direction and at the same angle at the same time, it is possible to control the tilting of each roller very easily, and deviations in the tilting angles between the rollers are prevented. This makes it possible to change the rotation of the input member accurately at a desired gear ratio without reducing transmission efficiency.

According to the second invention, the moving means for moving the input/output member and tilting each roller includes a hydraulic cylinder provided integrally with the input member and a hydraulic cylinder provided integrally with the output member. Since it is composed of a cylinder and a cylinder, it is possible to tilt all the rollers at the same time in the same direction and at the same angle by simply configuring two hydraulic circuits for the plurality of rollers, similar to the first invention above. In addition, there is no need to provide a tilting means for each roller, and the mechanism for tilting each roller is simplified, and as a result, the entire continuously variable transmission can be configured more compactly. Controlling the tilting of each roller can be performed extremely easily, and deviations in the tilting angle between the rollers are prevented. This allows the input member to be moved at the desired gear ratio accurately without reducing transmission efficiency. It becomes possible to change the rotation speed.

In particular, according to the second invention, by adjusting the hydraulic pressure supplied to the roller pressing hydraulic chamber provided in each hydraulic cylinder as a moving means, the pressing force of the input/output member against the roller can be adjusted appropriately. This allows the durability of the input/output member or each roller to be improved.

Furthermore, each of the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinders is provided with a roller pressing hydraulic chamber and a moving hydraulic chamber that generate hydraulic pressure in opposite directions, so that as the input/output member rotates, these hydraulic chambers Centrifugal oil pressures are generated in opposite directions, and these centrifugal oil pressures cancel each other out, making it possible to prevent changes in the pressing force of these members against the roller due to changes in rotation of the input/output members.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle equipped with a friction type continuously variable transmission according to a first invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating the configuration and operation of the continuously variable transmission.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating the configuration and operation of the continuously variable transmission.

[Fig. 4] Overall schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle equipped with a friction type continuously variable transmission according to the second invention

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating the configuration and operation of the continuously variable transmission.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating the configuration and operation of the continuously variable transmission.

[Explanation of symbols]

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An output member disposed coaxially with and facing the input member and connected to an output shaft, and an output member that is in contact with both members at a position offset from their axes between the output member and the input member. A friction-type continuously variable transmission comprising a plurality of rollers that rotate and are tiltable to steplessly change the speed of rotation of an input member and transmit the rotation to an output member according to a tilting angle, The tilting center is offset from the rotation plane on the rotation center line of the roller, and the input member and the output member are movable on their axes in contact with the roller, and the input member and the output member are movable in the axial direction. A friction type continuously variable transmission characterized by being provided with a moving means for moving. 2. An output member disposed coaxially facing the input member and connected to the output shaft, and an output member that is in contact with both members at a position offset from their axes between the output member and the input member. A friction-type continuously variable transmission comprising a plurality of rollers that rotate and are tiltable to steplessly change the speed of rotation of an input member and transmit the rotation to an output member according to a tilting angle, The tilting center is offset from the rotation plane on the rotation center line of the roller, and the input member and the output member are movable on their axes in contact with the roller, and the input member and the output member are movable in the axial direction. A moving means for moving is provided, and the moving means includes a hydraulic cylinder provided integrally with the input member and a hydraulic cylinder provided integrally with the output member, and each hydraulic cylinder is provided with an input/output member. A roller pressing hydraulic chamber that applies hydraulic pressure in the direction of pressing the roller, and a moving hydraulic chamber that applies hydraulic pressure in the opposite direction to the direction in which the hydraulic pressure is applied by the hydraulic chamber to move the input/output member in the axial direction. Friction type continuously variable transmission characterized by: