JPH0424006B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a manufacturing device for soil blocks used for sowing seeds of vegetables and growing seedlings, and particularly relates to a manufacturing device designed to be miniaturized. be.

[Conventional technology]

A well-known soil block machine is equipped with a pressurizing device that supplies adjusted bed soil to approximately a predetermined thickness onto an intermittent moving belt, and compacts the moving bed soil in a row in the transverse direction. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-33972 discloses a device that is equipped with a cutting device that cuts bed soil to a predetermined size and a punch that punches seeding holes in the cut blocks, and that continuously forms soil blocks. Disclosed.

In this conventional soil block machine,
This method has the advantage of being able to produce soil blocks continuously and efficiently, but the equipment becomes larger, and the soil blocks compress and cut the bed soil supplied on a belt in multiple horizontal rows. Since seeding holes are drilled, for example, when a group of manufactured soil blocks is placed in a seedling nursery box, the shape, degree of compaction, moisture content, etc. of the individual soil blocks may be uneven.
There was a problem that caused variations in seed germination and seedling growth.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, the present applicant,
A saucer that accommodates a predetermined amount of adjusted bed soil in a leveled state, and a casing frame that is movable up and down above the tray and has a size that is fitted into the tray. a molded part having a large number of partition cutting blades provided to cut into the soil block; This paper proposes a compact soil block manufacturing device comprising a plunger section equipped with a group of plungers having the functions of compressing bed soil stored in a soil block, forming a seeding hole, and discharging soil blocks.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the above-mentioned small soil block manufacturing equipment, two separate hydraulic cylinders are used to move the casing frame up and down and the plunger part up and down, resulting in a complicated configuration and high cost. The dot was hot.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a casing frame incorporating a molded part having a large number of partition cutting blades provided to cut the bed soil contained in a saucer into soil blocks of a desired size. To,
A group of plungers are fitted into the compartments of each of the partition cutting blades and have the functions of compressing the bed soil stored in the partitions, forming seeding holes, and discharging soil blocks, so that soil can be removed simply by vertical movement of the casing frame. It is characterized by compressing, molding, and ejecting blocks.

[Effect]

With the above configuration, a large number of soil blocks can be formed substantially uniformly at once by simply moving the casing frame in the vertical direction using, for example, one hydraulic cylinder.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a base of the soil block manufacturing apparatus, which has a rectangular planar shape, and a pair of left and right prismatic columns 2, 2 are erected at the center of the base 1 in the width direction. ing. An upper frame 3 is fixed to the top of this support 2. A cylinder base of a hydraulic cylinder 4 is supported downwardly at the center of the upper frame 3 via a bracket 3a. The center part of a central frame 5 is connected to the tip of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and the upper ends of a pair of triangular side frames 6 are fixed to both ends of the central frame 5. A casing frame 8 of the molded part 7 is fixed to the lower part of the molded part 7 .

The casing frame 8 of the molding section 7 has a rectangular planar shape, and the size almost matches the inner edge of the seedling box, which will be described later. The pillars 2 are provided on both sides of the short side of the casing frame 8.
A slidable guide plate 10 is attached by being inserted through guide columns 9, 9, . The inside of the casing frame 8 is divided into four equal parts in the length direction and two equal parts in the width direction, and is partitioned by a large partition frame 11 so that each of the eight compartments forms a square of the same size in plan view. The casing frame 8 also serves as this large partition frame, and the lower end of each large partition frame 11 has a cutting blade 11a having a cutting edge on the inside. Large partition frame 11
As shown in FIG. 2, the inside is further partitioned into squares at equal intervals by small partitions 12, and a double-edged cutting blade 12a is formed at the lower end thereof. A large number of plungers 1 that can be raised and lowered from the upper part of each rectangular parallelepiped space partitioned by the large partition frame 11 and the small partitions 12.
3 is disposed with its upper end fixed to the connect plate 14, and this plunger 13 compresses the bed soil,
It has the functions of forming seed holes and extruding soil blocks.

A spring 15 is inserted between the connect plate 14 and the ceiling plate of the small partition 12, and a stopper 16 is provided above the connect plate 14.

A saucer 17 and a seedling box deck 18 are provided on the base 1 below the molding section 7 so as to be removable. This tray 17 has a rectangular planar shape with a width almost equal to the width of the casing frame 8 and a length slightly longer than the length of the casing frame 8. It is placed in an even shape. In addition, a seedling box 19 that accommodates the soil block SB is placed on the seedling box deck 18, and chains 20 are fixed to both sides of the saucer 17 and the seedling box deck 18, respectively, and mesh with the chains 20. A sprocket wheel 21 is supported on the base 1 side (see FIG. 3).

A predetermined amount of bed soil kneaded by a soil mixer is poured into the tray 17 using a scoop and leveled. When the tray 17 is located below the molding section 7, the seedling box deck 18 is used for molding. On the other hand, when the seedling box deck 18 is located below the molding section 7, the saucer 17 protrudes outside.

Note that the bottom surface of the saucer 17 is preferably covered with an elastic plate such as a rubber plate, and the molded part of the casing frame 8 and the plunger part 13 may be made of a non-metallic material such as synthetic resin or ceramics. It's good. Reference numeral 22 is a hydraulic unit that operates the hydraulic cylinder 4.

In the soil block manufacturing apparatus having such a configuration, first, the receiving tray 17 is positioned outside the molding section 7, and a specified amount of bed soil, which has been mixed and adjusted using a soil mixer (not shown) or the like, is poured in with a shovel or the like, and is leveled. It is moved onto the base 1 below the molding section 7. Next, when the operating lever 22a of the hydraulic unit 22 is operated to extend the hydraulic cylinder 4, the molded part 7 and the casing frame 8 descend along the guide column 9.
Casing frame 8, large partition frame 11, small partition 1
The descent is stopped at the position where the lower end of the tray 17 contacts the bottom surface of the tray 17 (compression stroke in FIG. 2), and the bed soil in the tray 17 is cut into each partition in the casing frame 8 by the cutting blades 11a and 12a. It is compressed and housed in a rectangular parallelepiped space while being guided. At this time, in the large partition frame 11, the cutting blade 11a guides the bed soil into the space within the partition while partitioning it to eliminate insufficient introduction of bed soil in the peripheral area, and in the small partition 12, the partition cutting blade 12a
Cut the bed soil evenly and introduce it into the space and compact it. With this bed soil compressed and housed in the partition space, when the hydraulic cylinder 4 is contracted and the molding part 7 is raised, the bed soil compressed for each partition in the casing frame 8 is moved into the receiving tray 17. It was raised without leaving much soil on the floor and stopped at the neutral position shown in Figure 2. Then, the seedling box 19 is placed on the seedling box deck 18.
When the tray 17 is pulled out from below the molding section 7, the seedling box deck 18 and the seedling box 19 are moved below the molding section 7 due to the rotation of the sprocket wheel 21. In this state, when the hydraulic cylinder 4 is further contracted and the forming part 7 is moved to the ejection stroke position shown in FIG.
The molded part 7 rises while compressing the spring 15 while in contact with the soil blocks in each partition space.
SB is pushed downward by the plunger 13,
The seedlings are housed in a seedling raising device 19. Then, the seedling raising box 19 containing the soil blocks is taken out by moving the seedling raising box deck 18, and the seeds are sown in the seeding hole and stored in the germinator to germinate and grow. Repeat this kind of work.

In the above embodiment, by changing the size of the partition, soil blocks of desired size and number can be manufactured. In addition, conventional soil block machines can also remove moisture contained in bed soil.
The upper limit was about 70%, but in this example, even 80% is possible, which is convenient for seed germination and seedling growth. In addition, if the molded part, plunger 13, etc. are made of synthetic resin, ceramics, etc., they will not rust, the soil will be uniform, and the weight can be reduced.

The chain 20 and sprocket wheel 21 may be replaced with a rack and pinion gear, or the hydraulic cylinder 4 may be replaced with a screw type.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the soil block manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, a large number of soil block groups accommodated in one seedling box, for example, can be molded at once by one lowering and raising operation of the casing frame. It is possible to produce uniformly compacted soil blocks. Also, the seeding hole is reliably formed in a fixed position, giving good results to the sown seeds. It is possible to produce soil blocks even if the moisture content of the bed soil is increased, which has a positive effect on seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, the structure is simplified, the weight can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a partial sectional view of the molding part and an explanatory diagram of the work process,
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the main parts. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Base, 5...Guide column, 3...Upper frame, 4...Hydraulic cylinder, 5...Central frame, 6...
Side frame, 7... Molding part, 8... Casing frame, 9... Guide column, 10... Guide plate,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Large partition frame, 11a... Cutting blade, 12... Small partition, 12a... Cutting blade, 13... Plunger, 14...
Connect plate, 15... Spring, 16... Stopper, 17... Saucer, 18... Seedling growing box deck, 19... Seedling growing box, 20... Chain, 21... Sprocket wheel, 22... Hydraulic unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A casing frame incorporating a molded part having a large number of partition cutting blades provided to cut the bed soil contained in a saucer into soil blocks of a desired size is fitted into the compartment of each partition cutting blade. A group of plungers is installed that has the functions of compressing the bed soil inserted and housed in the partition, forming seeding holes, and discharging the soil block, so that the soil block can be compressed, shaped, and discharged only by vertical movement of the casing frame. A soil block manufacturing device characterized by: