JPH0424206B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a veneer lace that turns a thin sheet-like veneer veneer using a cutter while rotating raw wood, and in particular makes it possible to increase the yield of high-quality veneer and to cut veneer from low-grade raw wood. It concerns veneer lace.

Recently, plywood manufacturing factories have begun to use low-quality raw wood due to the deterioration of the raw wood situation, etc., and veneer lace, which can cut as many high-quality veneers as possible from these low-grade raw materials with high efficiency and obtain an even higher raw material yield, has started to be used. Highly desired.

In response to these demands, a peripheral drive type veneer lace was developed. This race has achieved some success by applying a rotational force from the outer periphery of the log by pressing a drive roller with a large number of piercing blades on the outer periphery of the log to be cut.

However, a race driven around the outer circumference of a log using a piercing body has disadvantages such as scratches on the log that naturally occur during transfer of rotational force and the effect of promoting cracking of the veneer that is cut away from the log.

For example, the veneer lace disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 103300/1983 is a general peripheral drive type.
As shown in the figure, a plane stand 1 equipped with a cutter 2 and a guide member 4 having a single-plate guide surface 3 on the back of the cutter 2 are shown.
is fixedly installed on the planer stand, and includes a pressure bar body 5 disposed above the planer stand, a pressure bar 6 that presses the outer circumferential surface of the log near the tip of the cutter 2, and a serrated rotor that pierces the outer circumferential surface of the log 11 and rotates. The body 8 is provided on the pressure bar body.

The serrated rotary body 8 is provided with sharp protrusions 9 on the entire outer circumference, and a plurality of rotary shafts 10 are mounted at regular intervals on a rotary shaft 10 arranged parallel to the cutter 2. Further, a pressure bar 6 is disposed between the sawtooth rotating bodies, and pressurizes the outer peripheral surface of the log 11 rotating in the direction of arrow A, and further presses the planer stand and the pressure bar by a predetermined veneer thickness for one rotation of the log. The body moves forward as one toward the center of the log, and the veneer is cut and produced from between the cutter 2 and the pressure bar 6.

This type of veneer lace is based on the fact that a serrated rotating body pierces the raw wood slightly above the veneer cutting blade and rotates it. Needless to say, piercing with a sharp object requires a fairly strong pressing force, even if the piercing object is sharp. Further, as the tip of the piercing body wears, the pressure force inevitably increases.

On the other hand, the basic structure of veneer lace is that veneer cutting is carried out by gripping and rotating the left and right butt ends of the raw wood with a spindle, so the piercing pressure is applied to the gripped raw wood by bending its longitudinal middle part like a fixed beam. ,
Normal veneer cutting will not be possible.

Furthermore, after the piercing body 9 pierces the raw wood, the cutting progresses to the veneer in the pierced state, leaving deep puncture wounds in the veneer, which develop into cracks and lacerations starting from the scratches, which are then used in the next process. This will have an adverse effect on the veneer processing.

Logs are dotted with hard parts such as branches and knots, and South Sea wood often has pieces of broken iron rings hidden during mooring. When turning veneer lace, the cutter gets partially damaged each time it encounters these foreign objects, and the lace operator has to sharpen the cutter by hand as an emergency measure to produce high-quality veneer.

Against this background, peripheral drive races have multiple rows of sharp serrated rotating bodies constantly rotating at high speed in front of the cutting edge, and it is impossible to hide this from the function of the peripheral drive race. Even if they are equipped with various interlocks, they are exposed to extremely dangerous conditions all the time.

Furthermore, since the serrated rotary body pierces and rotates long and large-diameter logs, the tip of the serration must be sharp. The sharper it becomes, the faster the wear and tear becomes, and the more it becomes a part, the more it wears out. In actual machines, it is usually replaced with a new one in about 10 days.
If you take into consideration the labor of replacing them and the running costs of them as consumables, the maintenance costs will be enormous.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned defects and provides a veneer lace that can safely and inexpensively produce veneers at a high yield from a wide range of raw materials, from low-quality logs to hardwoods, and replaces the conventional fixed nose bar and rotating roller. The strengths of each bar are utilized while complementing each other's deficiencies.

The present invention is equipped with a planer stand equipped with a veneer cutting blade and capable of moving forward and backward into the raw wood, a pressure bar mounted parallel to the blade, a pressure bar body that moves forward and backward together with the planer stand, and an outer periphery faster than the outer peripheral speed of the raw wood to be cut. The present invention is characterized in that a roller disk with a flat outer circumferential surface that is rotationally driven at a high speed is disposed on a pressure bar body, and is equipped with a pressure buffer mechanism that is capable of increasing and decreasing the pressing force of the roller disk against the raw wood.

Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a side view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a front view.
In the figure, the log 11 is rotated in the direction of arrow A with its left and right end surfaces held. Pressure bar body 5
The planer stands 1 are arranged vertically in pairs and are configured to be able to move forward and backward toward the raw wood, and are designed to move forward by a predetermined thickness of the veneer to be cut per rotation of the raw wood.

As shown in FIG. 2, the plane stand 1 has a substantially triangular cross section, and the blade 2 is held tightly by a blade holder 2' with the cutting edge facing upward. A base 4 is attached to the blade attachment surface of the planer stand, and the top thereof is formed with an arcuate or inclined guide surface 3 that serves as a passage for the veneer P cut from raw wood. Reference numeral 4' denotes an auxiliary cap which is locked adjacent to the lower side of the cap 4, and has a similar guide surface 3' at its top.

The auxiliary cap 4' may be constructed integrally with the cap 4, but since the auxiliary cap is subject to a lot of wear and tear, it is advisable to configure this portion to be detachable. The guide surfaces 3, 3' may be formed into an arc approximating the outer circumferential surface of a roller disk, which will be described later, starting slightly below the cutting edge of the cutter 2, or may gradually approach near the outer circumferential surface of the lower part of the vertical center line of the disk. Formed on an inclined surface etc. Further, the ferrules 4 and 4' can be constructed as a single piece spanning the entire width of the planer head (corresponding to the entire length of the log to be cut), or can be constructed as a plurality of separate pieces.

A pressure bar body 5 is disposed above the planer stand 1 and is configured to be movable toward and away from the log 11 together with the planer stand. An inclined surface 5'' is formed on the log side of the pressure bar body, and a plurality of narrow inclined pressure bars 6 are arranged on the inclined surface. Bars 6
In addition to a plurality of split types, there are also examples in which the whole or a plurality of pieces are constructed as one piece and used by cutting out appropriate parts, but in all cases, they are arranged over the entire width of the pressure bar body.

A height adjustment mechanism 6' (partially not shown) is engaged with the inclined surface 5'' at an intermediate position in the direction of inclination, and an adjustment screw 6'' is inserted and screwed into the height adjustment mechanism 6'. Furthermore, the lower tip of the adjustment screw is connected and locked to the pressure bar 6, and as the screw 6'' is adjusted by rotation, the bar 6 rises to set the position at which the lower tip presses the log 11. Fixed. Pressing the raw wood using a die pressure bar (nose bar) prevents tip cracking when cutting the veneer, and also has the effect of regulating the thickness of the veneer correctly and improving the peeling texture.

A veneer veneer is cut out from between the blade tip of the cutting tool 2 and the lower tip of the pressure bar 6 (log pressurizing part), and this part is called the blade mouth.

A rotary shaft 10 is pivotally supported near the cutting edge of the pressure bar body 5 in parallel with the cutter, while a plurality of thin disc-shaped roller discs 8 with flat outer peripheral surfaces are rotatably mounted on the rotary shaft in a skewer shape. It is located. The disk is equipped with pressure bar 6 which is arranged in a divided state.
are arranged between each other and are arranged over the entire width of the pressure bar body (corresponding to the full length of the log 11), and the arrows are transmitted through a transmission mechanism as appropriate by, for example, a variable speed electric motor (not shown) disposed on the top surface of the pressure bar body. It is driven in the log rotation direction indicated by B.

The outer circumferential speed of the roller disk is normally driven within a range of 2 to 20% faster than the outer circumferential speed of the raw wood, but if the pressing force of the roller disk is increased by the pressure buffer mechanism 30 described later, it can be adjusted to a range of 1 to 25%. There are logs that do. Also, the total width of the pressure bar 6 in the log axis direction (width in contact with the log).
It is optimal to set the ratio of the total width of the roller disk 8 (raw wood pressure width) to around 10:1, and there is no practical problem up to about 7:3. For general logs, the ratio is 10:0.5 to 3.0.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the planer stand, showing details of the pressure buffer mechanism 30 of the roller disk. 21
is a bearing that supports the rotating shaft 10, and is appropriately supported at a plurality of positions on the left and right in the axial direction by needle roller bearings, etc., and is held integrally by a connecting portion 21'. Further, the connecting portion is placed on a sliding surface 21'' to which a wear-resistant clad plate is adhered, and is configured to be slidable in the direction of arrow C.

Reference numeral 23 denotes a connecting shaft that is locked to the rear end of the connecting portion 21' and extends rearward (to the right in FIG. 4).
, and are arranged so as to be movable back and forth in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the rotating shaft 10 by a mounting flange 27' via a bush 28. The mounting flange 27' is fixed to the vertical internal mounting surface 12 of the inner pocket of the hollow pressure bar body through a suitable adhesive plate, and accurately holds the connecting shaft.

An end of the connecting shaft 23 extending rearward is locked to a coupling 31, and the other end of the coupling fits the tip of a piston rod 32 protruding from the fluid cylinder 33 to communicate the two. On the other hand, the fluid cylinder 33 is mounted and fixed on a bracket 34, and the bracket is tightly secured to the back mounting surface 13 of the pressure bar body, so that the connecting shaft 23 and the fluid cylinder are precisely arranged on the same axis.

The fluid cylinder 33 uses a pressure adjustment switching mechanism capable of providing at least two or more types of pressurizing force, which incorporates a plurality of relief valves, reducing valves, and electromagnetic switching valves (not shown) in the circuit, and is capable of providing at least two types of pressurizing force. Various fluid pressures can be supplied to the cylinder at will, for example, by operating a push button switch. Note that a hydraulic system is usually employed as the fluid pressure. The pressurized buffer mechanism 30 is constituted by the above fluid cylinder and pressure adjustment switching mechanism.

Therefore, when the cylinder 33 is pressurized, the piston 36 moves in the direction of arrow F, and the coupling 31, the connecting shaft 23, the connecting portion 21' bearing 21,
and the roller disc 8 via the intermediate shaft 10
Move the cylinder forward in the direction of arrow C to pressurize the log 11, or move the fluid cylinder in the direction of arrow E if pressure is not required.
The roller disk is moved backward in the direction to separate it from the log.

In FIG. 4, the front face portion 5' of the pressure bar body 5 has a substantially triangular cross section and is detachably constructed to cover and protect the cut raw wood side of the front loading bearing, connecting portion, etc. Reference numeral 14 indicates a mounting bolt hole in the front portion 5'.

To explain the embodiment of the present invention with the above configuration, the plurality of roller disks 8 are rotated by the log 1
While being driven at a peripheral speed faster than the outer peripheral speed of 1, it is constantly rotating in contact with the log with an appropriate pressure due to the pressure buffer mechanism, and the horizontal pressing force and contact rotation at a peripheral speed faster than the log are superimposed. The resultant force acts as a pressing action on the log diagonally downward toward the cutting edge, resulting in good results in cutting the veneer.

When cutting a veneer from logs, there are defects in log bending where the log escapes from the cutting edge due to cutting resistance, and also due to the nature of the log and the cutting angle, etc., the blade tends to bite into the log, and conversely, the log escapes from the cutting edge. It was considered inevitable that the fixed pressure bar would be pulled more than necessary and the frictional resistance of the fixed pressure bar would increase.

As in this embodiment, the resistance of the fixed pressure bar 6 is reduced by pressurizing and rotating the outer peripheral surface of the log with a plurality of roller discs 8 at a position slightly above the log pressing position of the fixed pressure bar 6 in the rotation direction of the log. It is possible to prevent it from increasing.

Furthermore, the state of cutting a veneer from raw wood with cracks is shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D. In other words, the starting end M of the crack R in the raw wood 11 escapes from the blade 2 due to the resistance during cutting and comes off, and the N part cannot withstand the instantaneous cutting load due to high-speed rotation, so it escapes and is not cut. The phenomenon becomes more pronounced as the sharpness of the knife decreases, and as a result, the part is left behind and gradually develops into a lump-like shape (other parts are stripped away by the knife and gradually become smaller in diameter). A collision with a pressure bar or a knife causes the log to be crushed as shown in D.

In this embodiment, as described above, the roller disk 8 contacts the outer circumferential surface of the log slightly above the pressing point of the pressure bar 6 in the rotational direction of the log while maintaining a buffering effect with an appropriate pressing force and at a faster speed than the outer circumference of the log. As it rotates, it works to forcefully push the cracked parts M and N into the cutting edge, and completes the cutting of the veneer from these parts, thereby preventing damage to the wood during cutting of the veneer due to dry cracks, etc. It is also possible to eliminate it.

In addition, when cutting a wood veneer with a serrated bar on logs that have weak parts, the soft parts may break apart and become fibrillated, blocking the cutting edge and making subsequent cutting impossible. In the present invention, the pressure applied to the raw wood by the pressure buffer mechanism can be set in advance in accordance with the properties of the raw wood, such as the hardness, softness, specific gravity, or cracking state of the raw wood. It is possible to obtain a veneer of.

Furthermore, when cutting high-quality logs, the fluid cylinder of the pressurized buffer mechanism can be moved back with a single touch to separate the roller disc from the log, making it possible to easily perform the same veneer cutting as with conventional general-purpose laces.

The effects of the present invention as described above are listed below: (1) Since no puncture body is used, high-quality veneers without puncture marks can be cut with a high yield.

(2) It becomes possible to cut low-quality logs with partial defects such as cracks and rot, increasing the yield of veneer.

(3) The clogging of the cutting edge of the veneer race during operation is eliminated, improving work efficiency.

(4) Safe work can be ensured as there are no dangerous piercing objects.

(5) There are only a few replacement parts, so there is no need to replace them.
Maintenance free.

(6) Roller disks can continue to operate even after considerable wear, and there are only a few consumable parts, which can significantly reduce running costs.

(7) If necessary, the roller disc can be moved back and used as a conventional lace, so it can be used as a multi-purpose veneer lace and can be expected to have low equipment costs.

As detailed above, the veneer lace according to the present invention contributes to the industry by improving productivity.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view of the veneer lace with protrusions. Second
The figure is a side view of one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a front view.
FIG. 4 is a detailed side cross-sectional view of the pressure buffer mechanism, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the cutting state of a cracked log. 1... Planer stand, 2... Cutler, 5... Pressure bar body, 8... Roller disk, 11...
Log, 30...pressure buffer mechanism, 33...fluid cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cutter for cutting veneers from logs, a plurality of fixed pressure bars, and a blade whose outer periphery is capable of contacting both the logs to be turned and the turned veneers in the gaps between the fixed pressure bars. a plurality of disc-shaped roller disks with flat outer circumferential surfaces arranged at positions, a drive mechanism that rotates the roller disks at an outer circumferential speed higher than the outer circumferential speed of the raw wood, and a pressure force adjustment that brings the roller disks into contact with the raw wood. A veneer lace characterized by being equipped with a pressurized shock absorbing mechanism. 2. The veneer lace according to claim 1, wherein the pressure buffer mechanism that brings the roller disk into contact with the raw wood includes a pressure switching mechanism that increases or decreases the pressure depending on the properties of the raw wood to be cut. 3. The veneer lace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure buffer mechanism that brings the roller disk into contact with the log is constituted by a fluid cylinder. 4. The veneer lace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressure buffer mechanism applies pressure to the roller disk in a horizontal direction or a substantially horizontal direction. 5. The veneer lace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the drive mechanism for rotating the roller disk is configured to be variable speed. 6. Any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the roller disk drive mechanism is configured such that the outer circumferential speed of the roller disk can be increased within a range of 1 to 25% from the log outer circumferential speed. or the veneer lace described in item 1. 7. Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the ratio of the contact area between each fixed pressure bar and the log to the contact area between the roller disk and the log is approximately 10:0.5 to 3.0. The veneer lace according to any one of item 6.