JPH0428113B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a storage device that stores musical score data regarding note strings of a song, and compares the musical score data read from the storage device with key information pressed on a keyboard. The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that controls the reading of musical score data from a storage device.

Conventionally, based on musical score data read from a storage device that stores musical score data, a key press lamp provided on the keyboard section that displays the key to be pressed is controlled to light up, and the key corresponding to the lit lamp is pressed. 2. Description of the Related Art Electronic musical instruments are known in which musical score data is sequentially read out by key operations. In addition, a system that detects a match between musical score data automatically read out from the storage device and key information regarding the played key, and controls the readout speed of the automatic performance section, etc. is a patent application.
55-78784, etc.

In the case of the above-mentioned apparatus, it is necessary to comparatively compare the score data read from the storage device and the key information. In such a comparison operation, conventional devices assume that a single key is pressed, or provide a single selection circuit that extracts only single key information. It was compared with the music score data that was created. However, as mentioned above, conventional devices that compare only single key information have the disadvantage that when a performer performs legato, it is not possible to accurately determine the timing of key presses. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above drawbacks, and the key information regarding the operation keys operated by the performer is temporarily stored in a key code memory having a plurality of time-sharing channels together with other automatic performance data as necessary. By time-divisionally extracting the stored desired key information and comparing it with musical score data read out from the storage device, key press operations are accurately determined and reading from the storage device is controlled. It is something.

The present invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a musical score sheet used for automatic performance of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.A musical score sheet 1 is provided with a magnetic storage section 1b such as a magnetic tape below a normal musical score 1a. Storage part 1b
Musical score data, that is, melody data, obbligado data, and chord data are recorded in the . Melody data consists of pitch data and note length data that correspond to each note, and the pitch data and note length data are paired and recorded as single note data in the order in which the notes occur as the music progresses. There is. Like the melody data, the obbrigado data is made up of pairs of pitch data and note length data and recorded in the order in which they occur as single note data. On the other hand, the chord data is discretely recorded in the melody data in pairs with melody notes corresponding to the change timing.

An example of the musical score data format is shown in FIG. The pitch data for melody and obbligado is a
As shown in ``C ₃ '' as an example, the upper 2 bits are the identification code indicating pitch data, the next 2 bits are the octave code indicating the octave, and the remaining 4 bits are the note code indicating the note name. Pitch is represented by octave chords and note chords. Note length data for melodies and obbligatos is an identification code in which the upper two bits indicate note length data, as shown in b with "〓" as an example.
The remaining 6 bits are note length codes corresponding to each note length. For chord data, the upper two bits are an identification code indicating that it is chord data, as shown in the example of "C _M " (C major), and the next two bits are a chord type indicating the type of chord, such as major or minor. The remaining 4 bits are a root code representing the root of the chord, and the chord type code and root code represent the chord name. All these data are 8
The identification code of the upper two bits is used when reading each musical score data from the musical score data memory 3 (FIG. 3, which will be described later).

FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, and shows a case in which chords, bass, and obbligato are automatically played using the score sheet, and a melody is manually played in accordance with this. explain.

As shown in FIG. 3, the musical score sheet 1 is inserted into the reading device 2, and the musical score data stored in the magnetic storage section 1b of the musical score sheet 1 is read out bit by bit by the magnetic head in the reading device 2. The read musical score data is supplied to the musical score data memory 3, converted into 8-bit parallel data, and stored at a predetermined location in the musical score data memory 3 consisting of a RAM (random access memory). As already explained, the musical score data includes not only pitch data and note length data regarding the melody and obbligato, but also chord data. Note that since the musical score data includes a clock signal, this clock signal is read out by the reading device 2, counted by the address generator 4, and the count output is supplied as an address signal to the musical score data memory 3, which is used to set the storage address of the musical score data. Specify.

5 reads out the musical score data stored in the musical score data memory 3 and generates melody pitch data D ₁₁ , obbligato pitch data D ₁₂ , chord data D ₂ , melody note length data D ₃₁ and obbligato note length data.
This is a data output circuit that outputs _D32 .

Reference numeral 6 denotes an accompanist data forming circuit which inputs the chord data D ₂ and forms and outputs the accompanist's pitch data D ₅ such as the constituent notes of the chord (usually 3 notes) and the bass note.

7 is a readout control circuit that reads melody note length data.
D ₃₁ , obbligato note length data D ₃₂ , and a coincidence signal EQ from a comparator 18 (details will be described later) that detects whether the key to be pressed has been pressed correctly.
is input, and the address generator 4 is controlled to control reading of musical score data. Specifically, the applicant's previous patent application No. 1978-78784,
-82506, it is equipped with a note length counter, a tempo oscillator, a comparator, etc., and automatically progresses the performance, i.e., controls the reading tempo of musical score data or the reading stop, depending on the performer's correct key press timing, etc. This is what we do. On the other hand, the melody note length data D ₃₁ is not used in connection with the key press display described later, and the readout of the melody data in the musical score data is directly performed using the coincidence signal EQ.
Along with this, reading out chord data, etc.
The reading tempo of obbligato data may also be controlled.

Reference numeral 8 indicates a key press indicator comprised of a lamp, etc., which is lit and displayed based on the melody pitch data _D11 output from the data output circuit 5; 9, a keyboard; 1;
0 is a key scanning circuit that encodes the keys pressed when a melody is played using the keyboard 9 and outputs it as a time-division signal; 11 is a melody data from the key scanning circuit 10, that is, key code data D ₄ and accompaniment. Accompaniment tone pitch data D ₅ consisting of chord constituent tone data and bass pitch data from the tone data forming circuit 6
and obbligato pitch data D ₁₂ from the data output circuit 5 are stored in response to instructions from the sound generation allocation circuit 12, and these data are stored in 8 channels (channels 1 to 3) by the clock signal φ ₁ as shown in FIG. is melody pitch data MD,
4 channels are obbligato pitch data OD, 5
This is a key code memory that outputs a time-series signal (see FIG. 2B) of chord constituent sound data CD for channels 7 and bass pitch data BD for channel 8.

12, each data already stored in the key code memory 11 and a new key code memory 11
If the input data is already stored in the key code memory 11, it is determined that the key is being pressed, and there is no need to store it.
If new data that has not been stored in the key code memory 11 arrives, it is determined that a new key has been pressed, and if there is an empty channel, storage is required.If data already stored in the key code memory 11 does not arrive as input data. This is a sound generation allocation circuit which outputs various commands such as clearing the data to the key code memory 11, and performs storage allocation of each data of melody, chord, obbligato, and bass. 13 is a gate through which only melody data MD (channels 1 to 3) among the melody, obbligado, chord, and bass data outputted from the key code memory 11 is passed in response to the timing signal S from the sound generation allocation circuit 12; 14 is described later. A latch circuit ₁₅ latches the melody data that has passed through the gate 13 when the latch terminal L receives the latch signal S 1 .A latch circuit 15 latches the output of the latch circuit 14 , that is, the melody data when the latch terminal L receives the latch signal S ₂ to be described later. It is a latch circuit. Here, how to generate the latch signals _S1 and _S2 will be explained with reference to FIG.

In Fig. 5, A shows the clock signal φ ₁ , and D shows “H” every time corresponding to 8 times of this clock signal φ ₁ .
A timing signal φ _A that repeats "L" and "L" is shown, and E shows an inverted timing signal φ _B having the same period as the timing signal φ _A. 14a is the above clock _φ1
and the timing signal _φA to the clock terminal.
The 9-ary counter 14b input to CK is a differentiation circuit that differentiates the output of the 9-ary counter 14a and outputs a latch signal _S1 , and the latch signal _S1 is as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the latch signal _S2 is generated by differentiating the timing signal _φB by the differentiating circuit 15a, as shown in FIG.

16 is a shift register that sequentially shifts the key-on signal KON included in the key code data using the timing signal _φB and outputs the key-on signal with an 8-bit delay; _I1 is an inverter; _A2 is the output of the latch circuit 15 and the shift register 16 This is an AND gate that performs a logical product with the inverted output of the key-on signal, and these constitute a key press detection circuit (shown surrounded by a broken line) that detects the rise of the key-on signal. 17 is a gate that passes the output of the latch circuit 15 only when the AND condition of AND gate _A2 is satisfied;
Melody data is output to the output of 7 only at the rising edge of key-on. Reference numeral 18 indicates melody pitch data D ₁₁ (melody data output from musical score data) output from the data output circuit 5 and the output of the latch circuit 15 passing through the gate 17, that is, the melody data already stored in the key code memory 11 ( This is a comparison circuit that compares the melody data (outputted by pressing a key) and outputs an EQ signal when both melody data match. Reference numeral 19 denotes a musical tone forming circuit that forms a musical tone signal from the melody data, obbligato data, chord data, and base data stored in the key code memory 11; 20 an amplifier that amplifies the musical tone signal output from the musical tone forming circuit 19;
Reference numeral 1 denotes a speaker that produces sound based on the amplified musical tone signal.

Next, the reading control operation of the musical score data memory will be explained using FIG.

In the figure, CHS indicates one cycle of channel timing. The key code data consisting of melody, obbligato, chord, and bass data to be played is assigned to eight channels as already explained.

The key code data is sequentially and repeatedly read out from the key code memory 11 based on the clock signal φ ₁ shown in FIG.
Melody data MD assigned to 3 channels
(See FIG. 4) passes through the gate circuit 13.
Figure B shows the output of the gate circuit 13. Of the melody data MD, the one assigned to the first channel is MD ₁ , the one assigned to the second channel is MD ₂ , and the one assigned to the third channel is MD 1. is expressed as MD _3. Since the channel timing is driven by the clock φ ₁ , the melody data MD ₁ , MD ₂ , MD ₃ will be repeatedly output in a short period.

Now, the AND conditions of the AND gate _A1 connected to the input side of the counter 14a are the clock _φ1 shown in FIG. 5A and the timing signal _φA shown in FIG.
Therefore, the count of the 9-ary counter 14a becomes as shown in FIG. 5C, and the latch signal _S1 obtained by differentiating the count value by the differentiator 14b becomes as shown in FIG. As a result, the output of the latch circuit 14 becomes as shown in FIG.
On the other hand, the latch circuit 15 is operated by a latch signal _S2 as shown in FIG. 5H, which is obtained by differentiating the rising edge of the timing signal _φB as shown in FIG. 5E, and its output is as shown in FIG. become.

On the other hand, the shift register 16 outputs the key-on signal KON stored in the key code memory 11 with a delay of 8 bits using the timing signal φ _B. If the output of the shift register 16 is "0", it means that no key or key has been pressed during the previous key scanning cycle, and if it is "1", it means that no key has been pressed during the previous key scanning cycle. Indicates that the key is pressed. So, and gate
The AND condition in A ₂ is satisfied if the key-on signal KON in the current key scanning cycle is "1" and the key-on signal in the previous key scanning cycle is satisfied.
This is the case when KON is "0", that is, the output of the shift register 16 is "0"; in other words, this is the case when a new key is pressed. Only at this time is the gate 17 activated, allowing the output of the latch circuit 15 to pass through. In other cases, that is, when the key is being pressed or when the key is stopped being pressed, the AND condition of the AND gate _A2 is not satisfied, and therefore the output of the latch circuit 15 is blocked by the gate 17.

In the comparison circuit 18, the melody pitch data D ₁₁ (melody data read from the musical score sheet) outputted from the data output circuit 5 and the melody data outputted from the latch circuit 15 and passed through the gate 17 (keyboard pressed data) are compared. (melody data output by) are compared, and when the two match, an EQ signal is output. The readout control circuit 7 is controlled by this coincidence signal EQ, and reading of musical score data from the musical score data memory 3 is controlled.

Although the above embodiment is an example in which musical tones are formed using chord data and obbligato pitch data read from the score data memory 3, the present invention may also use score data read from the score data memory only for displaying key presses. Of course.

As explained above, in the present invention, the timing of musical score data stored on a musical score sheet and the timing of key data by key presses on a keyboard are determined by using a time-division multiple channel key code memory.
Since the comparison is carried out in a time-division manner, it is possible to read the musical score data accurately even if a plurality of keys are pressed simultaneously on the keyboard.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an example of a score sheet that stores score data, Figure 2 is an example of the format of score data,
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is an example of the format of output data of the key code memory in the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the reading of musical score data according to the present invention. This is a timing chart explaining control. 1... Score sheet, 1a... Score, 1b... Magnetic storage section, 2... Reading device, 3... Score data memory, 4... Address generator, 5... Data output circuit, 6... Accompanist. Data formation circuit, 7...
... Readout control circuit, 8 ... Key press display, 9 ... Keyboard, 10 ... Key scanning circuit, 11 ... Key code memory, 12 ... Sound generation assignment circuit, 13 ... Gate,
14, 15...Latch circuit, 14a...Ninal counter, 14b, 15a...Differential circuit, 16...Shift register, 17...Gate, 18...Comparison circuit, 19...Tone forming circuit, 20... amplifier, 2
1...Speaker.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 a keyboard, and an allocation means for allocating key codes pressed on the keyboard to a plurality of time-division channels;
a key code holding means having the plurality of time-division channels and capable of storing a plurality of pressed key codes; Newly pressed key detecting means for sending out a key code, musical score data storage means that sequentially stores the key codes of each note constituting a song, the key code read from the musical score data storing means and the newly pressed key detecting means Compare the key codes sent from
An electronic musical instrument characterized by comprising a comparison means for sending out the comparison result, and a readout control means for sequentially reading out key codes from the musical score data storage means in accordance with the comparison result of the comparison means.