JPH0429492Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] "Industrial application field" A so-called cathode active material that uses oxygen in the atmosphere or prepared in advance, such as in a cylinder, as a positive electrode active material.
Regarding air batteries.

"Prior Art" Air batteries have a porous body for the positive electrode that allows oxygen to pass therethrough in order to cause oxygen, which is a positive electrode active material, to react with an electrolyte. The positive electrode supports a catalyst such as activated carbon or metal phthalocyanine that activates oxygen in a mixed form or in a layered manner, and also functions as a current collector by being mixed with a conductive substance or pasted with a metal mesh. .

The arrangement of the positive electrode porous body varies depending on the shape of the battery and the like. For example, it may be placed in the center of the battery like a normal manganese dry cell, or it may be placed on the outer periphery like a normal alkaline battery. In the former case, the center hole of the cylindrical body is used as the oxygen intake part, and in the latter case, which is generally referred to as an inside-out type, the outer wall of the cylindrical body is generally used as the oxygen intake part.

``Problem that the invention aims to solve'' One of the important aspects of air batteries is the ability to obtain oxygen. If oxygen can be acquired efficiently and a sufficient amount can be supplied, the voltage drop when a large current is released can be suppressed.

The inside-out type, which can widen the contact area between the positive electrode porous body and air, is advantageous from the above-mentioned viewpoint. However, it is still not enough.

The present invention aims to improve the above-mentioned problems by further increasing the oxygen acquisition property and making it possible to supply more oxygen.

"Means for solving the problem" As a positive electrode porous body, a stacked body of an outer cylinder part and an inner cylinder part having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of this outer cylinder part is used, and the negative electrode active material and electrolyte are combined. is stored in the gap between the outer and inner cylinder parts. That is, the present invention provides an air battery having a positive electrode porous body capable of passing oxygen, which is a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode active material, and an electrolyte, in which the positive electrode porous body has an outer cylindrical portion, The negative electrode active material and the electrolyte are placed in the gap between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part, and the negative electrode active material and the electrolyte are placed in the gap between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part. The gist is an air battery that is characterized by being housed.

"Operation" Both the center hole of the inner cylinder and the outer wall of the outer cylinder serve as oxygen acquisition parts. Therefore, the air battery of the present invention obtains oxygen over a wide area.

"Example" A first example is shown in the attached FIG. 1. Reference number is 1
2 is a positive electrode porous body, 2 is a separator which is formed as a film on the positive electrode porous body 1 or is placed in close contact with the positive electrode porous body 1, and 3 is a negative electrode active material such as zinc which is converted into aqueous solution as needed, and a caustic alkaline aqueous solution or chloride. An electrolyte such as ammonium-zinc chloride mixed aqueous solution, and an anti-corrosion agent as required, gelled with a gelling agent such as carboxymethyl cellulose or sodium polyacrylate, 4 is a cylindrical body or multiple wires. a negative electrode current collector made of a vertical structure or the like; 5 is a porous material, a fibrous material, etc.; a spacer for distributing oxygen throughout the outer wall of the positive electrode porous material; 6 has an opening 6a; 7 is an insulating sealing body such as a resin, 8 is a negative electrode terminal which may be integrally formed with the negative electrode current collector 4, 9 is a positive electrode terminal having an air hole 9a, and 10 is an insulating ring. The overall shape is drawn keeping in mind a cylindrical shape that conforms to standards such as a single unit, but it may also be a polygonal column shape as appropriate for special purposes.

The positive electrode porous body 1, which is made of a sintered metal or a carbonized material obtained by carbonizing and firing a resin mixed with activated carbon, graphite, etc., is usually treated with water repellent treatment such as paraffin on its surface, but as shown in the figure, the center It consists of a bottomed inner cylindrical part 1b having a hole 1a, and an outer cylindrical part 1c connected from the upper end of the inner cylindrical part 1b. Here, the inner cylindrical part 1b and the outer cylindrical part 1c are overlapped, but the outer diameter of the inner cylindrical part 1b is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cylindrical part 1c. In this gap, a gel-like material 3 consisting of the negative electrode active material and electrolyte mentioned above is formed.
is stored. Therefore, oxygen from the outside world enters the center hole 1a through the air hole 9a of the positive electrode terminal 9, and oxygen sufficiently diffused by the spacer 5 is located on the outer wall of the outer cylinder portion 1c. This oxygen passes through the pores in the flesh of the positive electrode porous body 1 and reacts with the electrolyte.

Next, a second embodiment is shown in the attached FIG. 2. The same parts as in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, but this embodiment differs from the previous example in that an air hole communicating with the center hole 1a is provided on the negative electrode terminal 8 side. In this example, since the bottoms of the inner cylinder part 1b and the outer cylinder part 1c of the positive electrode porous body 1 are shared, it is generally advantageous even when using a mold, etc., and it is also possible to use two open cylinders with different diameters at both ends. It is excellent in terms of ease of molding, as it can be molded by integrally fixing a plate to one end of the body. However, when filling gel material 3 such as electrolyte, leakage to the outside,
In particular, it is desirable to be careful not to cause leakage to the center hole 1a.

Next, a third embodiment is shown in the attached FIG. 3. In this example,
A positive electrode current collector material 11 as a separate member is arranged on the outer surface of the positive electrode porous body 1, such as the central hole 1a and the outer wall of the outer cylindrical portion 1c. The positive electrode terminal 9 is a positive electrode current collector material 11
It is connected to the positive electrode porous body 1 via. This example is suitable when the positive electrode porous body 1 is made of a carbonide or the like and it is desired to further improve the conductivity even if a conductive substance such as graphite is mixed therein. In addition, in the figure, a metal net-like material is intentionally drawn as the positive electrode current collector material 11, but it may be a porous material as appropriate.

Further, in this example, air holes 9a and 8a are provided in both the positive electrode terminal 9 and the negative electrode terminal 8. This is true whether the positive electrode current collector 11 is placed in contact with the positive electrode porous body 1 or buried in the flesh of the positive electrode porous body 1 Since the passage of oxygen is slightly inhibited by the holes, the purpose of providing the through holes is to improve the acquisition of oxygen. The same applies to the case where the air hole is provided on the negative electrode terminal 8 side in the first embodiment described above, but the use of a through hole in this way means that when air containing nitrogen, etc. is used as it is, unnecessary nitrogen, etc. Retention of water can be reduced.

Next, FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment. This example is an example showing that the number of stacked cylindrical bodies of the positive electrode porous body 1 made of stacked cylindrical bodies can be set to an appropriate number of 2 or more. That is, in this example, an inner cylinder part 1d is further provided in the center hole 1a of the inner cylinder part 1b in the first embodiment,
A gel material 3 such as an electrolyte is also housed in the center hole 1e of the inner cylinder portion 1d. Although not shown, a plurality of overlapping cylindrical bodies may be used so that the most central portion serves as the air acquisition section. These are particularly suitable for use in special large batteries.
However, the current collection structures on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side generally tend to be complicated. Incidentally, in this example, a plate-shaped positive electrode current collector 11 having a plurality of holes is interposed between the positive electrode porous body 1 and the positive electrode terminal 9.

Other modifications than those described above may be made as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, each of the cylindrical shapes 1b, 1c, and 1d of the positive electrode porous body is preferably cylindrical because the wall thickness is uniform, but it can also be made into a polygonal cylindrical shape as appropriate in relation to the overall shape. The center hole 1a can also be divided into a plurality of holes.

"Effect of the invention" The air battery of the present invention has a positive electrode porous body that is a positive electrode active material that can pass oxygen, a negative electrode active material, and an electrolyte, in which the insulated positive electrode porous body is It consists of a stacked body of a cylindrical part and an inner cylindrical part having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of this outer cylindrical part, and the negative electrode active material and the electrolyte are
Since it is stored in the gap between the outer cylinder part and the inner cylinder part, both the center hole of the inner cylinder part and the outer wall of the outer cylinder part act as oxygen acquisition parts, acquiring oxygen over a wide area. Therefore, the voltage drop during large current discharge can be sufficiently suppressed, and the advantages of air batteries, which are excellent in electric capacity, energy density, etc., can be effectively exhibited.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS.
The figures are longitudinal sectional views showing the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, respectively. 1... Positive electrode porous body, 1a... Center hole, 1b...
...Inner cylinder part, 1c...Outer cylinder part, 2...Separator,
3... Gel-like material, 4... Negative electrode current collector, 5... Spacer, 6... Exterior can, 6a... Opening, 7... Sealing body, 8... Negative electrode terminal, 8a... Air hole, 9 ……
Positive electrode terminal, 9a... Air hole, 10... Insulating ring, 11... Positive electrode current collector.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In an air battery having a positive electrode reservoir porous body through which oxygen, which is a positive electrode active material, can pass, a negative electrode active material, and an electrolyte, the positive electrode porous body 1 has an outer cylindrical portion 1c and an outer cylindrical portion 1c. The negative electrode active material and the electrolyte are stored in the gap formed by overlapping the outer cylinder part 1c and the inner cylinder part 1b. An air battery characterized by: