JPH0432014B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0432014B2
JPH0432014B2 JP24634886A JP24634886A JPH0432014B2 JP H0432014 B2 JPH0432014 B2 JP H0432014B2 JP 24634886 A JP24634886 A JP 24634886A JP 24634886 A JP24634886 A JP 24634886A JP H0432014 B2 JPH0432014 B2 JP H0432014B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
moisture
humidity
sensitive
glassy
materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP24634886A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
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JPS63100040A (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP24634886A priority Critical patent/JPS63100040A/en
Publication of JPS63100040A publication Critical patent/JPS63100040A/en
Publication of JPH0432014B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0432014B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、湿度センサ用感湿性材料に関する。 〔従来技術〕 マイクロコンピユータの普及とともに、自動管
理システムの進展に伴い、湿度制御を必要とする
産業分野は食品工業、化学工業、医薬関係など数
多くなり、湿度調節器の検出端としての感湿素子
は欠くことのできない重要なものになつている。
特に、装置の小型化や記録の高密度化が進むに従
つて、薄膜化の可能な高性能感湿材料の出現が強
く要望されている。 これまでの湿度センサ用素子を材料的にみる
と、有機高分子系とセラミツクス系のものに大別
できるが、いずれの場合も多くは湿度の変化に応
じてその電気抵抗が大幅に変化することを利用し
たものである。有機高分子系感湿材料は成形加工
性に優れているが、熱的に不安定であるために使
用温度が大幅に制限され、耐久性にも劣るという
欠点がある。一方、セラミツクス系感湿材料で
は、その多くは多孔質焼結体という形で使用さ
れ、細孔による水分子の吸脱着現象を利用してい
るが、水分子の吸脱着の活性点となる、細孔の大
きさや、分布状態の不均一性は避けられず、その
ために湿度センサとしての信頼性は要求性能に対
してまだまだ低く、また、薄膜状にしてセンサ素
子の小型化する焼結加工などの製造技術上の困難
さが解消されていない。セラミツクス系材料は耐
熱性、耐久性など耐環境性に極めて優れているの
で、湿度センサの動作原理を細孔によらない新た
な発想による高性能な感湿性セラミツク薄膜材料
の開発が強く要望されている。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 セラミツクスは粉体を高温度で焼き固めた焼結
体とともに、粉体を溶融して冷却固化したガラス
を古来より利用している。ガラス材料は微組織的
にみても極めて均一であり、成形加工性にも優れ
ており、リボン状の薄膜材料を容易に得ることは
可能である。感湿性を示すガラス質セラミツク材
料を開発することができれば、信頼性や再現性に
優れた湿度センサを作ることが期待でき、また、
センサ素子の小型化も容易であり、製造コストの
面においても有利である。しかし、通常のガラス
作製法ではガラスとなる組成範囲は一般に狭いも
のである。セラミツクスの溶融物の冷却固化速度
を格段に大きくすることはガラス化組成範囲を拡
大することができる。そこで感湿性ガラス質材料
を探索するにあたり、少なくとも103℃/秒以上
の冷却速度を持つ超急冷装置(例えば、K.
Nassau他著、Journal of American Ceramic
Society、1979年、第62巻、74頁、T.Sekiya他
著、Materials Research Bulletine、1984年、第
19巻、885頁および鳥居保良他著、日本の科学と
技術、1983年、第24巻、52頁参照)を用いること
は有効な手段である。 本発明は、上記の如き問題点を鑑みてなされた
ものであり、ガラス膜の表面における水分子吸脱
着現象を電気抵抗の変化として検知し、雰囲気中
の湿度を正確に測定する湿度センサ用素材を提供
することを目的とする。 〔問題点を解決しようとする手段〕 本発明は上記目的を達するために、鋭意研究し
た結果、V2O5成分として10〜70モル%、Nb2O5
成分として10〜75モル%、Li2O成分として10〜
50モル%、ZnO成分として0〜60モル%を組成範
囲としてガラス質の感湿性材料を構成するもので
ある。 なお、上記のガラス質材料は、例えば、各酸化
物の混合物を加熱溶融した後、103℃/秒以上の
冷却速度で薄膜状に超急冷することにより得られ
る。超急冷手段の一例として、溶解物を16m/秒
程度の高周速度で回転する金属製ロール表面に噴
射する方法があげられる。 〔発明の作用〕 上記構成によれば、上記組成範囲内で従来ガラ
ス状化合物になるとは思われなかつたものが、ガ
ラス質化合物の単一相となり、表面活性の極めて
高いものが得られる。ガラス質材料の表面活性は
水分子の吸着点となつて、著しい感湿性を示し、
感湿素子として応用が可能である。また、本発明
による感湿材料はガラス質のものであるので、薄
膜体など加工性に優れているので、感湿素子の小
型化が容易であり、製造コストを格段に下げるこ
とができる。 〔実施例〕 以下に実施例及び参考例をあげて説明する。 原料として、五酸化バナジウム(V2O5)、五酸
化ニオブ(Nb2O5)、Li2CO3(炭酸リチウム)及
び酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を使用し、これを第1表に示
した配合比となるように秤量し、均一に混合した
後450〜600℃で仮焼し、再粉砕混合した。次い
で、粉砕混合物を白金製容器(直径0.3mmの試粉
吹出し用ノズルを備えている)に入れて、SiC電
気炉で加熱溶融させた後、直径100mm、幅50mmの
急冷用金属製回転ロール表面上に圧縮空気により
吹き出し、ガラス質薄膜材料を得た。ロールの回
転数は3000rpmで行なつた。 得られた試料は、厚さ20〜50μm、幅7〜12
mm、長さ10〜30mmのガラス状薄膜体であつた。X
線回折パターンはハローのみで、結晶相を示す回
折線は殆んど身当らなかつた。また、示差熱天秤
により結晶化を示す発熱ピークが観察され、各試
料がガラス構造を有することを確認した。 次に、上記で得られた各ガラス質薄膜体をガラ
ス基板上に固定し、膜表面に銀ペーストを塗布
し、間隔0.5mmのすだれ状電極を形成させた。 かくして得られた感湿素子を恒温恒湿槽に入れ
温度35℃における湿度の変化に対する電気抵抗の
変化を10KHzの交流ブリツジによつて測定した。
その結果を第1表に示す。 第1表に示す結果から明らかな如く、本発明に
よつて得られた感湿材料を使用する感湿素子は、
相対湿度の変化に応じてその電気抵抗値は大きく
変化するので、雰囲気中の湿度変化を正確に検出
する。 なお、参考例1及び2に示すようにLi2Oを含
有しないガラス質薄膜体は感湿性を示しても非常
に小さく、ガラス中でのLi2Oは水分子を吸着す
る感湿点として作用するものと思われる。 〔発明の効果〕 本発明によれば、以下の如き効果が表される。 (1) 使用するガラス質化合物の水分に対する表面
活性は高く、信頼性の高い高感度の感湿素子が
得られる。 (2) 感湿素子製造のための加工、特に薄膜体が容
易に得られ、小型で安価な感湿素子が得られ
る。 (3) 感湿点は表面であるので、多孔質セラミツク
感湿素子と異なり、速乾性に優れている。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a moisture-sensitive material for a humidity sensor. [Prior art] With the spread of microcomputers and the development of automatic management systems, there are many industrial fields that require humidity control, such as the food industry, chemical industry, and pharmaceuticals, and humidity sensing elements as the detection end of humidity controllers are becoming more popular. has become indispensable and important.
In particular, as devices become smaller and recording becomes more dense, there is a strong demand for high-performance moisture-sensitive materials that can be made into thin films. In terms of materials, conventional humidity sensor elements can be broadly classified into organic polymer-based and ceramic-based ones, but in most cases, the electrical resistance changes significantly in response to changes in humidity. This is what was used. Although organic polymeric moisture-sensitive materials have excellent moldability, they have the drawbacks of being thermally unstable, greatly limiting the temperature at which they can be used, and having poor durability. On the other hand, most ceramic moisture-sensitive materials are used in the form of porous sintered bodies, and utilize the phenomenon of adsorption and desorption of water molecules through pores. Non-uniformity in pore size and distribution cannot be avoided, and as a result, its reliability as a humidity sensor is still low compared to the required performance.Also, sintering processes are required to make the sensor element smaller by making it into a thin film. Difficulties in manufacturing technology have not been resolved. Ceramic materials have excellent environmental resistance such as heat resistance and durability, so there is a strong demand for the development of high-performance moisture-sensitive ceramic thin film materials based on a new concept that does not rely on pores for the operating principle of humidity sensors. There is. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Ceramics have traditionally used sintered bodies made by baking powder at high temperatures, as well as glass made by melting powder and cooling it to solidify it. Glass materials are extremely uniform in terms of microstructure and have excellent moldability, making it possible to easily obtain ribbon-shaped thin film materials. If we can develop a vitreous ceramic material that exhibits moisture sensitivity, we can expect to create humidity sensors with excellent reliability and reproducibility.
It is also easy to downsize the sensor element, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing costs. However, in ordinary glass manufacturing methods, the composition range of glass is generally narrow. By significantly increasing the cooling solidification rate of a ceramic melt, the range of vitrification compositions can be expanded. Therefore, when searching for moisture-sensitive glassy materials, an ultra-quenching device with a cooling rate of at least 10 3 °C/sec (for example, K.
Nassau et al., Journal of American Ceramic
Society, 1979, Vol. 62, p. 74, T. Sekiya et al., Materials Research Bulletin, 1984, No.
19, p. 885 and Yasushi Torii et al., Japanese Science and Technology, 1983, vol. 24, p. 52) is an effective method. The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a material for a humidity sensor that detects the adsorption/desorption phenomenon of water molecules on the surface of a glass membrane as a change in electrical resistance, and accurately measures the humidity in the atmosphere. The purpose is to provide [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, as a result of intensive research, contains 10 to 70 mol% of V 2 O 5 components, Nb 2 O 5
10-75 mol% as a component, 10-75 mol% as a Li2O component
The composition range is 50 mol% and 0 to 60 mol% as a ZnO component to constitute a glassy moisture-sensitive material. The above-mentioned glassy material can be obtained, for example, by heating and melting a mixture of each oxide and then ultra-quenching it into a thin film at a cooling rate of 10 3 ° C./second or more. An example of an ultra-quenching method is a method in which the melt is injected onto the surface of a metal roll rotating at a high circumferential speed of about 16 m/sec. [Function of the Invention] According to the above structure, a substance that was not thought to become a glassy compound within the above composition range becomes a single phase of a glassy compound, and a product with extremely high surface activity can be obtained. The surface activity of glassy materials acts as an adsorption point for water molecules and exhibits remarkable moisture sensitivity.
It can be applied as a moisture-sensitive element. In addition, since the moisture-sensitive material according to the present invention is glassy, it has excellent workability as a thin film, so it is easy to miniaturize the moisture-sensitive element, and the manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced. [Example] Examples and reference examples will be given and explained below. Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ), niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), Li 2 CO 3 (lithium carbonate), and zinc oxide (ZnO) were used as raw materials, and these were mixed as shown in Table 1. After weighing and mixing uniformly, the mixture was calcined at 450 to 600°C, and repulverized and mixed. Next, the pulverized mixture was placed in a platinum container (equipped with a nozzle for blowing out sample powder with a diameter of 0.3 mm), heated and melted in a SiC electric furnace, and then placed on the surface of a metal rotating roll for rapid cooling with a diameter of 100 mm and a width of 50 mm. Compressed air was blown onto the top to obtain a glassy thin film material. The rotation speed of the roll was 3000 rpm. The obtained sample has a thickness of 20 to 50 μm and a width of 7 to 12
It was a glass-like thin film body with a length of 10 to 30 mm. X
The line diffraction pattern consisted of only halos and almost no diffraction lines indicating crystalline phases. Furthermore, an exothermic peak indicating crystallization was observed using a differential thermal balance, confirming that each sample had a glass structure. Next, each of the glassy thin film bodies obtained above was fixed on a glass substrate, and silver paste was applied to the film surface to form interdigital electrodes with an interval of 0.5 mm. The thus obtained humidity sensing element was placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber, and changes in electrical resistance with respect to changes in humidity at a temperature of 35° C. were measured using an AC bridge at 10 KHz.
The results are shown in Table 1. As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, the moisture-sensitive element using the moisture-sensitive material obtained by the present invention is
Since its electrical resistance value changes greatly according to changes in relative humidity, changes in humidity in the atmosphere can be accurately detected. Furthermore, as shown in Reference Examples 1 and 2, even if a glassy thin film that does not contain Li 2 O exhibits moisture sensitivity, it is very small, and Li 2 O in the glass acts as a moisture-sensitive point that adsorbs water molecules. It seems that it will. [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the following effects are exhibited. (1) The glassy compound used has high surface activity against moisture, and a highly reliable and highly sensitive moisture sensitive element can be obtained. (2) Processing for manufacturing a humidity sensing element, especially a thin film body, can be easily obtained, and a small and inexpensive humidity sensing element can be obtained. (3) Since the moisture-sensing point is on the surface, unlike porous ceramic moisture-sensing elements, it has excellent quick drying properties. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 化学組成として、V2O5成分を10〜70モル%、
Nb2O5成分を10〜75モル%、Li2O成分10〜50モ
ル%、ZnO成分を0〜60モル%とし、この組成範
囲で得られるガラス質化合物を特徴とした感湿性
材料。
1 Chemical composition: 10 to 70 mol% of V 2 O 5 components,
A moisture-sensitive material characterized by a vitreous compound having a composition range of 10 to 75 mol% Nb 2 O 5 , 10 to 50 mol % Li 2 O, and 0 to 60 mol % ZnO.
JP24634886A 1986-10-16 1986-10-16 Moisture sensitive vitreous material Granted JPS63100040A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP24634886A JPS63100040A (en) 1986-10-16 1986-10-16 Moisture sensitive vitreous material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP24634886A JPS63100040A (en) 1986-10-16 1986-10-16 Moisture sensitive vitreous material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63100040A JPS63100040A (en) 1988-05-02
JPH0432014B2 true JPH0432014B2 (en) 1992-05-28

Family

ID=17147220

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP24634886A Granted JPS63100040A (en) 1986-10-16 1986-10-16 Moisture sensitive vitreous material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63100040A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63100040A (en) 1988-05-02

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