JPH0432705B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Claim 1: A method for separating components by simultaneously applying centrifugal action and ultrasonic action to a liquid mixture, the method comprising: continuously pressurizing the liquid mixture into a radial channel in a processing tank; The liquid mixture is rotated at high speed around its radial center axis, and ultrasonic waves are generated on the radial center axis, and centrifugal force and ultrasound are applied to the press-fitted liquid mixture to promote separation of the contained components and purify it. 1. A method for separating mixed components in a liquid mixture, characterized in that the liquid is collected at the center of the centrifugal force and/or the relatively pasty product is collected at a position outside the radial flow path.

2. A device for separating mixed components by simultaneously applying centrifugal action and ultrasonic action to a liquid mixture, comprising a stationary processing tank having an inlet for the liquid mixture and an outlet for each separated component. , a centrifuge body having radial channels is rotatably provided in the treatment tank, the body has a central cavity for discharging the purified liquid along its axis of rotation; An apparatus for separating mixed components in a liquid mixture, characterized in that the cavity communicates with the radial flow path, and an ultrasonic generator is arranged in the central cavity.

3. The centrifugal device is in the form of a thick disk fixed coaxially to the central drive shaft 20, which communicates with the treatment tank on the outside and with the central cavity 24 on the inside. some radial grooves 2
3 inside, and the drive shaft has a hollow part 20
a, and this hollow part is formed so as to penetrate through the lid wall of the treatment tank and reach the outlet 14 for the purified liquid. Separation device as described in Section.

4 The centrifugal device includes a main body 11 having at least one inlet duct 113a for the liquid mixture therein.
7, this body has a central cavity 124 for the discharge of the liquid purified from the peripheral area in the treatment tank 111.
It has a plurality of stages of radial passages 117b provided at intervals in the vertical direction to communicate with the radial passageway 117b, and a plurality of stages of annular passageway 113c for communicating the inlet duct 113a to an intermediate position of the radial passageway 117b. 3. Separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the central cavity 124 also communicates with an outlet duct 114 for purified liquid.

5. The main body 117 has a plurality of fins, and the radial passage 117b extends from the outer peripheral end of the fin to the central cavity 124. Separation device.

6. Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the radial passages 117b are arranged at angles apart from each other about the axis of the centrifugal device.
Separation device according to any of paragraphs.

7. Separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of inlet ducts 113a are provided in parallel to each other surrounding the central cavity (124 in FIG. 3).

8 The processing tank (11 in Figure 1, 11 in Figure 3)
At the bottom of 1) is a discharge port (first
16 in the figure, 116 in Fig. 3) are provided,
Claim 3, characterized in that the discharge port is connected to a screw conveyor type take-out device.
4. Separation device according to any one of paragraphs 1 and 4.

9. Claim 8, characterized in that a part of the discharge passage for the pasty product, for example the outlet of the take-out device, is provided with an operable sealing mechanism or other similar sealing mechanism. Separation device as described.

10 Inlet 13 for the centrifugal device and the liquid mixture
A deflection device 28 is disposed between the flow deflection device 28 and the guide wall 29 inside the processing tank, and this deflection device directs the liquid mixture to the outer end of the flow path in the radial direction of the centrifugal device. 4. The separation device according to claim 2, further comprising a passageway for directing the flow.

11. The separation device according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein an injection pump is provided on the upstream side of the treatment tank and connected to the inlet of the liquid mixture. .

12 The treatment tank has coagulant injection mechanisms 36, 37.
12. The separation device according to any one of claims 2, 3, and 8 to 11, wherein:

13. The separation device according to claim 4, wherein the main body 117 constituting the centrifugal device is formed of a single member.

14. Claim 4, characterized in that the main body 117 constituting the centrifugal device is composed of a plurality of independent centrifugal units stacked on top of each other.
Separation device as described in section.

15 Around the longitudinal side walls of the treatment tank there is provided a magnetic device which generates a magnetic field which determines the internal stress of the liquid mixture to be treated, whereby under the action of ultrasound there is a 5. The separation device according to claim 4, wherein mixed components are separated.

16 A micro-generator (magnetron) is provided around the longitudinal cylindrical wall of the treatment tank to generate heat in the molecules of the liquid mixture to be treated, increasing the density difference between the components in the liquid mixture. 5. Separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that the required separation of the liquid mixture is carried out by:

Description This invention relates to a method for separating mixed components in a liquid mixture, and is intended to solve many problems related to purification, concentration, pollution, etc. The present invention also relates to the separation device.

In industry, mixtures of different components are discharged. And in many cases, the mixture is wastewater containing solid particles, sludge, fibers, etc. Traditional purification equipment is expensive and sometimes difficult for small businesses to install, leading to an increase in the amount of untreated wastewater being discharged into rivers and oceans.

It is known that mixed components having different specific gravities contained in a liquid mixture (for example, skim milk) can be separated by centrifugation. However, if high separation accuracy is required, it is necessary to increase the rotational speed of the centrifugal separator. However, there is a limit to the rotation speed due to limitations in mechanical operation, increased power consumption, and the like.

Additionally, a composite separation device using centrifugal force and ultrasonic vibration is also known. In such a device,
You can see the impurities moving outward.
However, the application of this method to liquid mixtures has not yet been successful. Also, this method unexpectedly forms an emulsion in the mixture.

According to this invention, a liquid mixture consisting of different components can be separated very efficiently. This is due to the unexpected effect of a novel combination of centrifugal action and ultrasonication.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for separating mixed components in a liquid mixture. The feature of this method is that centrifugal action and ultrasonic action are applied simultaneously to the liquid mixture, and the purified liquid is collected at the center of the centrifugal action, and the paste-like product is collected at the outside of the centrifugal action. .

The invention also relates to a device for separating liquid mixtures. This device has a processing tank for the liquid mixture, an outlet for discharging the purified liquid, and a centrifugal device for applying a centrifugal action to the liquid mixture, and a centrifugal device located at the center of the centrifugal action. Equipped with an ultrasonic generator.

In this way, by combining two types of processing actions in a single processing tank, the following effects can be achieved.

No emulsion is formed due to centrifugal action,
Ultrasonic treatment restores the efficiency of mechanical cleaning to good values, at least in the liquid medium.

By using ultrasound in combination, the centrifugal speed does not need to be extremely high, and can be maintained within an appropriate range. In order to obtain separation efficiency equivalent to that of the present invention using only centrifugal action when separating liquid mixtures, the centrifugal speed must be increased 4 to 5 times the centrifugal speed of the present invention. . Compared to the power consumption required to obtain the centrifugal speed 4 to 5 times higher, the power required to generate ultrasonic waves is insignificant. Furthermore, the difference in cost between the high-speed centrifugal device and the device of the present invention is also important, and the present invention is advantageous in this respect as well. High-speed centrifugal equipment requires special bearings and roller bearings, and not only the equipment itself but also its foundation must be strong.

Two embodiments of the separation apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, which will help to better understand the content and advantages of the present invention. Note that this example does not limit the content of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a separation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a separation device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 3.

Referring to FIG. 1, the separation device according to the invention comprises a treatment layer 11 fixed to a frame 12, an inlet duct 13 for taking in the treatment mixture at the upper part of the treatment tank, and a discharge duct 15 for the purification liquid. It has a discharge port 14 and a discharge port 16 provided at the lower part of the processing tank 11 for a relatively pasty separation product. The inner end of the inlet duct 13 leading to the treatment tank serves as an inlet 13a for the liquid mixture to be treated. Processing tank 1
1 has a centrifugal device 17 and an ultrasonic generator 18 inside it.
and has. Both devices are arranged on the processing liquid path toward the discharge port 14. Specifically, the centrifugal device is a thick-walled disk fixed concentrically to a central drive shaft 20, and the shaft is connected to a ball bearing 2.
1 and 22 and is rotatable, and the processing tank 1
1, it is positioned at an appropriate height in the axial direction. From the center of the disk, which forms part of the hollow portion 20a of the drive shaft and acts as the centrifugal device 17, to the discharge port 14, a discharge conduit for the purifying liquid is formed. There are a plurality of fan-shaped grooves 23 in the radial direction within the disk, the outer ends of which are open to the processing tank and communicated with a central cavity 24 (FIG. 2). Drive shaft 20 that acts as a discharge pipe
The hollow portion 20a is located above the centrifugal device, and its lower end reaches the central cavity 24. The ultrasonic generator 18 is located within this central cavity 24,
It is held in place by a pole 25 that extends axially within the hollow portion 20a and has an electric wire that supplies high frequency current to the generator. Drive shaft 2
0 is driven by a motor (not shown) via a pulley 26 and belt 27 mechanism. A shield-like deflection device 28 is disposed between the centrifugal device and the liquid mixture inlet 13a. On the other hand, since the processing tank 11 is provided with a moderately curved guide wall 29, a flow path for the mixed liquid is formed toward the radial groove 23. The liquid mixture to be treated is injected via the inlet 13a by a pump 30 which feeds the liquid mixture into the duct 13. The relatively pasty product outlet 16 is connected to a removal device 31 which is provided with a screw conveyor, which is driven and controlled by an electric motor 32 . Operable sealing mechanism 33 (movable valve,
An adjustable restrictor, etc.) is provided at one location of the pasty product discharge passage. In this embodiment, a sealing mechanism 33 is provided at the outlet of the extraction device 31. This mechanism serves to maintain a predetermined pressure in the processing tank, especially in order to fill the processing tank at the beginning of the separation operation.

Next, the operation will be described. The liquid mixture to be treated is pumped under appropriate pressure into the treatment tank 11 by the operation of the pump 30 until the treatment tank is fully filled. Next, the centrifugal device 17 is rotated and the ultrasonic generator 18 is activated. By adjusting the feed amount of the pump and the position of the sealing mechanism 33, the processing liquid is simultaneously subjected to centrifugal action and ultrasonic action when passing through the radial grooves 23 and the central cavity 24 in the centrifugal device 17, and is thus removed from the hollow part 20a.
, and a controlled flow rate of the processing liquid is obtained at the outlet 14. The lower the flow rate is adjusted, the more the processing liquid that comes out is purified.
At this time, a relatively pasty product or residue accumulates at the bottom of the processing tank 11. This is discharged using the extraction device 31.

FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment, the construction of which significantly increases the performance of the apparatus, not only in terms of throughput but also in terms of the quality of the processing liquid, without significantly increasing the dimensions. Is possible.

Referring to FIG. 3, the illustrated separation device includes:
It has a substantially cylindrical processing tank 111 formed by a bottom part 112a that is placed on the floor with appropriate legs, a cylindrical side wall 112b, and a flat cover part 112c. Inside the processing tank 111, an axially symmetrical centrifugal device 117 is installed coaxially with the processing tank 111, and the main body of the centrifugal device is provided with a plurality of tapered fins 117a. be. A cylindrical internal cavity 124 extends coaxially to the centrifugal device 117. In addition, the empty space 124 and the processing tank 1
A plurality of radial horizontal passages 117b provided between the centrifugal device main body 117 are usually arranged in a star shape divided into six parts, and are stacked one on top of the other in the centrifuge main body 117. . Each horizontal passage 11
The outer end of 7b opens at the radially outer end of each fin. The number of fins is the same as the number of star passages, which in this example is seven.

Further, the centrifugal device main body 117 is provided with six cylindrical ducts 113a that extend almost the entire length in the axial direction inside the base of the fin and are regularly arranged around the main body. This duct 113a communicates with the radial passages 117b via an annular duct 113c, as shown in FIG. 4, and distributes the liquid mixture to be treated to the radial passages 117b of each stage of the separator. The six vertical ducts 113a thus communicate at their lower ends with a central inlet duct 113b, which in turn opens into a duct 113 introducing the heterogeneous liquid mixture to be treated. The duct 113 is connected to an outlet of a pump (not shown).

The central cylindrical cavity 124 of the centrifugal device 117 is
At its upper end it is connected to an outlet duct 114 coaxial therewith, which in turn leads to a discharge duct 115 for the purified liquid. moreover,
A discharge port 116 is provided on the lower wall of the processing tank 111 to discharge a paste-like product. This outlet 116, like the outlet 16 of FIG. 1, can be open to a screw conveyor type removal device and an operable sealing mechanism.

The lower inflow duct 113b and the upper extension of the central cavity 124 are formed by tubular support shafts 120a and 12, respectively.
0b, and the centrifugal device main body 117 is positioned. The support shafts 120a and 120b are rotatable by coaxial ball bearings 121 and 122, respectively, and the centrifugal device 117 is fixed to the support 112a at the bottom of the separation device by a suitable frame via a pulley 126 and a belt 127. The electric motor 128 rotates around the axis of the device. Note that a rod-shaped ultrasonic generator is disposed in the central cavity 124 of the centrifugal device, and is connected to a power source at the top.

The operation of this separation device is as follows. The liquid mixture of different components to be treated is pumped into the treatment tank through a central centrifugal device under appropriate pressure by the pumps mentioned above. To properly fill the treatment tank, the seven-stage centrifuge is rotated and the central ultrasonic generator 118 is activated. The pressurized liquid is dispersed into radial channels within the centrifuge main body 117 via a vertical duct 113a and a horizontal annular duct 113c. Here, the liquid mixture is subjected to both centrifugal action and ultrasonic action to obtain high quality separation at an appropriate rotation speed.

This combination of two actions allows the purified liquid to flow through the radial passages 11 of each stage.
flowing into the central cavity 124 via the inner part of 7b;
The pressure maintained in the tank causes the fluid to flow through the outlet duct 114 and into the duct 115. On the other hand, the paste-like product obtained through the outer part of the passage 117b due to centrifugal force accumulates in the lower part of the processing tank 111, and is taken out from there through the discharge port 116.

The characteristics of the separation method and separation device of this invention are basically that centrifugal action and ultrasonic action are applied to the liquid mixture to be treated in the same processing tank, but the structure of the device and the Even though the two same functions are utilized, there are considerable differences from conventional separation devices. Therefore, the features of this invention that are common to the above two embodiments are as follows.
The treatment tank is substantially sealed except for the outlet for the purified liquid, and the liquid mixture is continuously pumped into the tank under reduced pressure by a liquid feed pump. The processing tank has a cylindrical shape with a vertical axis fixed to a frame, and a centrifugal device main body is provided coaxially within the tank so as to be able to rotate at high speed. The centrifugal device main body has an internal cavity in its center that communicates with the outlet of the liquid, and an ultrasonic generator is disposed in the center of this internal cavity in a manner that it hangs down from above. The centrifugal device main body has a nearly horizontal channel extending radially from this internal cavity and opening at the outer peripheral edge of the main body, and this radial horizontal channel has an appropriate number of stages stacked vertically depending on the scale of the separation device. It is formed in a curved manner. Therefore, depending on the number of stages, the centrifuge main body is formed into a circular single plate shape or a cylindrical shape with a plurality of stacked fins. If the rotation of the centrifugal device is sufficient depending on the state of the liquid mixture to be processed, the liquid mixture forced into the tank by the pump will be radially horizontal against the centrifugal force generated by the centrifugal device. It enters the flow path through the opening in the outer peripheral edge. When the rotation of the centrifugal device is relatively high, the liquid mixture to be treated is forced into the inlet duct at the lower center of the centrifugal device and enters a portion relatively close to the center of the radial horizontal flow path. In any case, the liquid mixture that has entered the horizontal channel is subjected to centrifugal force by the contained component particles, and heavier or larger particles are separated from relatively lighter or smaller particles and are discharged to the side wall of the processing tank, and are sequentially released to the bottom of the tank. gather at On the other hand, the liquid that reaches the central internal space while trying to flow toward the outlet due to continuous pressure injection into the tank is subjected to ultrasonic vibrations from an ultrasonic generator, resulting in high pressure fluctuations. By this, the particles in the liquid are more strongly dispersed and their separation from the pure liquid component is promoted. Particles that are strongly subjected to centrifugal force are ejected to the side wall of the processing tank, and particles of the same quality aggregate together. The ultrasonic waves generated in the internal cavity are also transmitted into the radial horizontal channel and exert a separating effect on the flowing liquid there as well. The purified liquid separated by centrifugal action and ultrasonic action rises through the cavity in the center of the centrifugal device, is taken out from the upper outlet duct, and a paste-like product collects at the bottom along the side wall of the processing tank. is taken out from the bottom via a sealing mechanism whose opening degree can be adjusted.

Note that the separation device of this invention does not have a filtration membrane,
The mixture is not separated by filtration.

The separation device according to the invention solves the following industrial problems. In other words, purification of cloudy water from paper mills. Only the fibrous material (pasty residue) can be removed from the treated water before discharging it into the river.

Processing of animal blood before it is disposed of at a slaughterhouse.
The fluid consisting of tissue components is removed and the residue is collected as a pasty condensate. Current methods process this type of blood in evaporators, which are expensive to install and consume a lot of power.

In general, the apparatus of the present invention provides a solution to all wastewater treatment problems at low cost and small scale equipment. Ideal for use in pre-treatment of large-scale pollution control equipment, enabling cost reduction.

Another notable application is the treatment with flocculants. With the device shown in FIG. 1, the action of the flocculant is considerably increased and accelerated. Therefore, the amount of flocculant required can be significantly reduced. When using the apparatus according to the present invention with a flocculant injection mechanism, a flocculant tank 35 and a small pump 36 are provided.
It is necessary to provide an injection duct 37 connected to the duct 13 as an accessory.

Since the separation apparatus shown in FIG. 3 has a centrifugation apparatus in the form of a stack of multiple independent centrifugation units, it is possible not only to significantly increase the capacity of the apparatus without significantly increasing the overall size, but also to obtain benefits. It is also possible to improve the quality of the processing liquid used. The separation device according to the invention can be used industrially in all the applications envisaged for this type of separation device.

In particular, the separation device according to the invention can be used when processing products such as milk, blood, preserved foods, beverages, etc. without incurring denaturation due to the addition of flocculants. In addition, to enhance the effect,
In addition to the centrifugal device and ultrasonic generator described above, magnetic devices such as permanent magnets, electromagnets 130 (FIGS. 3 and 4) can be provided, for example on the longitudinal cylindrical wall of the treatment tank. The magnetic field generated by this magnetic device has the effect of determining the internal stress of the product to be treated, so that the ultrasonic action is effective and the separation of the mixed components is promoted.

When handling liquids including components in solutions, under the same conditions, a microwave generator (magnetron) can be attached to the outer periphery of the separation device in order to obtain a complete separation effect. In this case, heat is generated in the liquid being treated so that the increased density difference of the liquid facilitates the required separation of the liquid.

The scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and changes may be made to the form of the embodiments and the number of components of the apparatus without departing from the spirit of the invention.