JPH04329340A - Activity measuring method for plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure activity by transmitting the image of a measured plant photographed at a remote location to a control room in real time. CONSTITUTION:A plant is photographed with two CCD cameras 1. The R-image data of the reflected light with the wavelength near 670nm are obtained by one CCD camera 1, and the IR-image data of the reflected light with the wavelength near 850nm are obtained by another CCD camera 1. The illuminance data are measured by an illuminance meter 2. The image data and illuminance data are transmitted by parabola antennas 7, 8 and inputted to a computer 11. The computer 11 calculates the spectral reflection factor ratio IR/R, and an image is processed and displayed on a monitor television 15.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring the activity of plants.

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, there have been methods for measuring the activity of plants using infrared color photography, multispectral scanners, and the like. The above method using infrared color photography is
Not only is it not possible to check the photographic results on the spot, but when attempting to determine the spectral ratio, it is necessary to use a digital color analyzer, which requires a great deal of effort and time. In addition, when using a multispectral scanner, not only does it take a lot of time to take images, but it also requires two
It was difficult to satisfy the simultaneity of wavelength data. Therefore, in the conventional method described above, images measured at a vegetation site such as a farm field or golf course are observed in near real-time at a remote location such as an office or laboratory.
It was not possible to measure the activity of the plants.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to measure in real time at a remote location and provide it easily and inexpensively. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the activity of plants.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] The method for measuring plant activity of the present invention involves photographing the reflectance R and IR of two specific wavelength bands of reflected light from a plant to be measured using a CCD camera. The method is characterized in that each spectral image data is obtained, and the spectral reflectance ratio IR/R is calculated from these data to measure the activity level of the plant to be measured. The spectral reflectance R is preferably a reflectance in a wavelength band of 600 to 700 nm, and the spectral reflectance IR is preferably a reflectance in a wavelength band of 700 to 900 nm. The spectral image data of each of the reflectances IR and R is obtained separately by two CCD cameras, or by one CCD camera.
Another feature is that it is obtained while undergoing spectral processing using a CD camera. Simultaneously with photographing the spectral reflectance, the illuminance at the location of the plant to be measured is measured. It is also characterized in that the spectral image data is wirelessly transmitted to the location of the arithmetic processing means. It is also possible to process the calculated value of the spectral reflectance ratio IR/R as a color image and check or monitor it on a monitor television.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a CCD camera, and two cameras are provided. These CCD cameras 1
A bandpass filter (not shown) is attached to each lens 1a. One of the bandpass filters has the highest sensitivity at a wavelength of 670 nm (7
5.5%) and passes light in the band of 600 to 750 nm (referred to as R filter), and the other bandpass filter is 850 nm as shown in Figure 3.
It exhibits the highest sensitivity (77%) at a wavelength of 820 nm.
It is a filter (referred to as an IR filter) that passes light in a band of ~890 nm. Note that the bandpass filter may be placed in front of a CCD element (not shown) of the camera. 2 is an illumination meter.

The data signal of the image taken by the CCD camera 1 is switched by a frame switcher 3 and sent to a data transmitting device 4. Note that 5 is a solar cell, and the electric power generated thereby is temporarily stored in a battery 6 and then supplied as a power source to the CCD camera 1, the illumination meter 2, the data transmitting device 4, and the like. 7
is a transmitting parabolic antenna, which transmits the image data signal and illuminance data signal using, for example, millimeter waves.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a receiving parabolic antenna, which receives each data signal transmitted by the transmitting parabolic antenna 7 by wireless communication. Among the received data signals, the image data signal is sent to the computer 1 via the connection box 9 and the video deck 10.
1 is input. An illuminance data signal is also input to the computer 11. Incidentally, a scan signal is sent from the computer 11 to the simple radio device 12, and the above-mentioned receiving parabolic antenna 8 is connected to the transmitting parabolic antenna 7 to receive the signal.
Maneuver and point in the direction of. Therefore, image data can be received in real time by sequentially and selectively pointing toward the transmitting parabolic antennas 7 installed at a plurality of remote observation points. 13 is a monitor television for R images, and 14 is a monitor television for IR images.

Next, a method for measuring plant activity using the above-mentioned system will be explained. According to measurements by the inventors, the reflectance of highly active plants to natural light is as shown in Figure 4.
It was found that the product had a characteristic curve as shown in . That is, the reflectance exhibits a characteristic in which the reflectance once decreases in a wavelength band around 670 nm, and then rapidly increases up to a wavelength band around 850 nm. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 5, the reflectance of plants with low activity is somewhat higher than that of plants with high activity in the wavelength band around 670 nm, but it is not so high in the wavelength band of 850 nm. . These differences in reflectance characteristics can be determined by calculating and comparing the ratio, that is, the spectral reflectance ratio IR/R, where the reflectance near 670 nm is R and the reflectance near 850 nm is IR. become noticeable. More specifically, the spectral reflectance ratio IR/R of plants with high activity is a very large value because the denominator R is small and the numerator IR is extremely large. On the other hand, the spectral reflectance IR/R of plants with low activity is
Since the denominator R is somewhat large and the numerator IR is relatively small, the value is small.

Since an R filter is attached to one side of the CCD camera 1, an image (referred to as an R image) consisting of reflected light in the vicinity of 670 nm is obtained, and an image consisting of reflected light in the vicinity of 850 nm is obtained from the other CCD camera 1 having an IR filter. An image (referred to as an IR image) consisting of the reflected light is obtained. The R image data and IR image data captured in parallel by these two CCD cameras 1 are switched by a frame switcher 3 and are sequentially transmitted over the air, taken into a video deck 10, and input into a computer 11.

The computer 11 calculates the spectral reflectance ratio IR based on the R image data and the IR image data.
/R is arithmetic processed, and an image based on the numerical value of the spectral reflectance ratio is drawn on the IR/R image monitor television 15. In this case, the spectral reflectance ratio, that is, the degree of activity of the plant, can be visually captured by performing color image processing by associating a specific color tone with a certain numerical range of the spectral reflectance ratio. Note that by displaying a normal color image simultaneously with this image-processed image, it is possible to check the position of the spectral reflectance ratio image, etc.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between illuminance and spectral reflectance ratio IR/R. As illuminance increases, IR/R increases in proportion to both cases where the activation force is large and small.
It turns out that the value decreases to some extent, which can be used to correct IR/R depending on illuminance.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment configured so that one CCD camera 1 can simultaneously capture an R image and an IR image. In this embodiment, a part of the reflected light from the plant to be measured that has passed through the camera lens 1a is reflected by the dichroic mirror 16 and received by the color image CCD element 17. dichroic mirror 1
The reflected light that has passed through 6 is separated by a prism 18, and the light with a wavelength of around 670 nm passes through a band pass filter 19 and is imaged as an R image by a CCD element 20.
On the other hand, light having a wavelength of around 850 nm passes through the bandpass filter 21 and is imaged by the CCD element 22 as an IR image. According to the camera of this embodiment, in addition to the above R image and IR image, a normal color image is also captured, so the image of the spectral reflectance ratio IR/R processed as described above is It is also possible to check using a color image.

[0013] The method of the present invention, for example, monitors the condition of the grass on a golf course green using a CCD camera, transmits this information to a remote control room, determines the activity level of the grass in real time, and calculates the activity level. By spraying fertilizers and pesticides and watering the lawn in low-growth areas as appropriate, you can revitalize the lawn and keep it green at all times. In the above embodiment, the data is transmitted by a wireless device, but it may also be transmitted by wire.

[0014]

[Effects of the Invention] 1) The activity level of plants can be measured almost in real time. 2) C that is widely used in general
By attaching a bandpass filter to the CD camera, measurement can be performed easily and inexpensively. 3) The activity level of plants in remote areas can be constantly monitored. 4) Data can be transmitted from the vegetation to the image processing administration building several kilometers away using simple radio.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for implementing the method for measuring plant activity of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the characteristics of the R filter.

FIG. 3 is a graph diagram showing the characteristics of an IR filter.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing characteristics of natural light reflectance of highly active plants.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing characteristics of natural light reflectance of plants with low activity.

FIG. 6 is a graph diagram showing the relationship between illuminance and spectral reflectance ratio during photographing.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a spectral imaging mechanism using one CCD camera.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 CCD camera 1a Lens 2 Illuminance meter 3 Frame switcher 4 Data transmitter 5 Solar cell 6 Battery 7 Transmitting parabolic antenna 8 Receiving parabolic antenna 9 Connection box 10 Video deck 11 Computer 12 Simple wireless device 13 R image monitor TV 14 IR image monitor television 15 IR/R image monitor television 16 Dichroic mirror 17 CCD element 18 Prism 19 Band pass filter 20 CCD element 21 Band pass filter 22 CCD element

Claims (7)

[Claims] Claim 1: Among the reflected light from the plant to be measured, the reflectance R and IR of the reflected light in two specific wavelength bands are calculated by CC.
Photographed with a D camera to obtain each spectral image data,
A method for measuring the activity of a plant, which comprises calculating the spectral reflectance ratio IR/R from these data to measure the activity of the plant to be measured. Claim 2: The spectral reflectance R is 600 to 700n.
m wavelength band, and the above spectral reflectance IR is 7
2. The method for measuring plant activity according to claim 1, wherein the reflectance is measured in a wavelength band of 00 to 900 nm. 3. The method for measuring plant activity according to claim 1, wherein the spectral image data of each of the reflectances IR and R is obtained separately using two CCD cameras. 4. The method for measuring plant activity according to claim 1, wherein the spectral image data of each of the reflectances IR and R is obtained while being subjected to spectral processing using one CCD camera. 5. The method for measuring plant activity according to claim 1, wherein illuminance at a location of the plant to be measured is measured at the same time as photographing the spectral reflectance. 6. The method for measuring plant activity according to claim 1, wherein the spectral image data is transmitted wirelessly to the location of the arithmetic processing means. 7. Claims 1 to 6, wherein the calculated value of the spectral reflectance ratio IR/R is subjected to color image processing.
The method for measuring the activity of plants described in .