JPH0435802A - Automatic tip replacing cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an automatic tip replacing cutting tool which can peform turning work for a long period by installing a tip holder replacing mechanism which pushes out the tip holder on which the tip accommodated in a magazine is installed and positioned on a feeding surface, between a clamping member and an installation seat. CONSTITUTION:As for a cutting tool holder 1, an installation seat 1a for installing a cartridge 2 at the top edge is formed, and the installation seat 1a and a feeding surface 1b are formed by cutting the top edge of the cartridge 2, and a magazine 5 for feeding the cartridge 2 on the feeding surface 1b is installed at the position of the feeding surface 1b. Accordingly, a tip holder 8 having a tip 7 after use is discharged by sending out the cutting tool holder 1 in the magazine 5 in succession on the installation seat, and can be automatically replaced with a tip holder having a new chip.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an automatic tip-changing cutting tool that allows cutting to be performed over a long period of time by changing tips unattended.

[Conventional technology] As a conventional cutting tool, for example, an indexable tip (
(hereinafter abbreviated as a chip), usually
It is known that the chips are replaced manually.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] For this reason, in conventional cutting tools, the tip cannot be changed unattended, and therefore turning operations have to be continued for a long time without changing the tip. The drawback was that it couldn't be done.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic tip-changing tool that can perform turning operations over a long period of time, where turning must be performed while changing tips.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a tip holder to which a tip having a cutting edge is attached, and a mounting seat for mounting the tip holder on the distal end side, and the mounting seat a cutting tool holder having a supply surface continuous to the mounting seat and supplying the tip holder to the mounting seat formed on the base end side of the tool; a clamp member that presses and fixes the tip holder against the mounting seat; A magazine for storing a plurality of holders stacked on the supply surface; and a chip holder exchange mechanism for pushing out one of the chip holders stored in the magazine located on the supply surface between the clamp member and the mounting seat. It is something to be prepared for.

[Operation] In the present invention, when the tip holder on the supply surface is pushed out by the tip holder exchange mechanism with the pressing force exerted by the clamp member on the tip holder released, the tip holder moves between the clamp member and the mounting seat. Move to. As a result, the chip holder in the magazine is installed on the mounting seat.

Further, if an old chip holder already exists on the mounting seat, the old chip holder is pushed away and a new chip holder is installed in its place.

Then, by pressing the newly installed tip holder against the mounting seat with the clamp member, the new tip holder is fixed to the cutting tool holder.

Additionally, when the tip holder exchange mechanism is returned to its original position, all of the tip holders stacked in the magazine move toward the supply surface, and the tip holder with the lowest value is positioned on the supply surface. Become.

As a result of the above, it becomes possible to sequentially install new chips on the mounting seat, and it becomes possible to carry out long-term turning operations unattended while changing chips.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11.

In FIGS. 1 to 4, l is a cutting tool holder, and 2 is a cartridge having a chip, which will be described later, which is automatically attached to the tip of the cutting tool holder l.

A mounting seat 1a for mounting the cartridge 2 is formed at the tip of the tool holder l, and this mounting seat 1a is formed at the tip of the tool holder l.
A supply surface 1b is formed on the base end side of a to be continuous with the mounting seat 1a and for supplying the cartridge 2 to the mounting seat 1a.

The mounting seat 1a and the supply surface tb are formed by cutting out the left side (right side in FIG. 2) of the distal end of the cartridge 2 in an L shape, and have a V-shaped cross section from the base end toward the distal end. A continuous groove is formed.

In addition, two threaded holes are penetrated from the mounting seat 1a downward from the center of the V-shaped groove, and each of these threaded holes has a hole plan that exposes a ball on the mounting seat Ia. Gloss 3 is screwed together.

This ball plunger 3 is moved from the supply surface tb to the mounting seat 1a.
A spring force is applied to the cartridge 2 moving upward through the ball, and a braking force is applied to the cartridge 2 by this spring force.

Further, the tool holder l has a proximal end portion of a clamping device 4 for fixing the cartridge 2 to the mounting seat 1a connected to the right side (left side in FIG. 2) of the mounting seat 1a, and a supply surface 1b. Cartlitz 2 is placed on the supply surface 1b at the position of
A magazine 5 is provided for supplying.

The cartridge 2, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7,
A throw-away tip (hereinafter abbreviated as a tip) 7 is fixed to a tip holder 8 by an L-shaped lever 6.

The tip holder 8 has a seat surface 8a on the top end thereof to which the tip 7 is attached, and a clamp groove 8b having a trapezoidal cross section extending orthogonally in the front-rear direction at the center of the top surface.

Further, the lower surface of the tip holder 8 is formed in a chevron shape with a V-shaped cross section that matches the mounting seat 1a and the supply surface 1b of the tool holder 1.

The chip 7 is placed on the seat surface 8a via the seat 9, and is fixed to the chip holder 8 by the lever 6 by tightening the clamp screw IO.

The clamp device 4, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4,
A clamp member 11 that directly applies a clamping force to the cartridge 2, that is, the chip holder 8 to fix the chip holder 8 to the mounting seat 1a, and a clamping force generator 12 that supplies the clamping force to the clamp member 11. It is.

The clamp member 11 is connected to a first wall 13 on the right side (left side in FIG. 2) of the mounting seat 1a of the tool holder l, and a recess 1.
4 and a second wall 15 formed at the right end, the bin 16 is rotated around the bin 16. The clamp member 11 has a clamp formed at its left end (right end in FIG. 2), which extends in a downwardly curved manner, and whose distal end surface matches the clamp groove 8a of the cartridge 2. A claw 11a is formed.

The clamp member 11 also includes a coil spring 17 provided on the recess 14 located on the tip side of the bottle 16.
The distal end side is biased to be lifted upward with the bottle 16 as the center.

Furthermore, a bolt 18 is screwed onto the lower surface of the clamp member 11 on the proximal side of the bottle 16 .

The bolt 18 has a smooth top surface, and is configured to transmit the clamping force from the clamping force generator 12 to the clamp member 11 via this top surface. Then, due to this clamping force, the clamp member 1! rotates around the bottle 16 so that the tip side moves downward.

As shown in FIG. 4, the clamping force generating device 12 includes a first cylinder hole 19 formed below the recess 14 of the tool holder l with its axis directed in the front-rear direction of the tool holder 1; A camshaft 20 inserted into the first cylinder hole 19 and a second cylinder hole that is formed continuously on the base end side of the first cylinder hole 19 and has a larger diameter than the first cylinder hole 19. 21, and a biasing mechanism 22 that is inserted into the second cylinder hole 21 and biases the camshaft 20 toward the proximal end.

The camshaft 20 is formed by forming an inclined surface 20a on the side surface of a cylindrical member so that the depth gradually increases from the tip side. The clamping force is applied to the top surface of the

The biasing mechanism 22 includes a rod 24 that is coaxially connected to the camshaft 20 by screw connection, and is fitted to the distal end of the rod 24 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and is fitted to the distal end step of the second cylinder hole 21. a first ring 25 provided in contact with 21a;
a second ring 26 fitted to the proximal end side of the rod 24;
A nut 27, 27 that is screwed onto the proximal end of the rod 24 to prevent the second ring 26 from being pulled out and falling toward the proximal end of the rod 24, and the first ring 25 and the second ring 26. It is provided with a plurality of disc springs 28 which are fitted into the springs 24 in a compressed state between the springs 28 and 24.

In addition, a cylindrical adapter 2 is attached to the proximal end surface of the bite holder l.
A first hydraulic clamp 30 is attached via 9.

The first hydraulic clamp 30 is provided with the distal end surface of the piston rod 31 facing the proximal end surface of the marked rod 24, and the rod 2
4 can be moved to the tip side.

Further, reference numerals 32 and 33 indicate sensors for detecting the position of a piston (not shown) of the first hydraulic cylinder 30 and adjusting the protrusion stroke of the piston rod 31.

The magazine 5 is fixed with a bolt to the left side of the supply surface 1b of the tool holder 1, and has a rectangular support 34 extending upward, and a groove 35a shaped to match the left and right sides of this support 34.
(See Figure 3) A magazine body 35 with a U-shaped cross section
It is equipped with the following.

The magazine body 35 is formed with a storage space 35b in which a plurality of cartridges 2 are stacked and stored, and is also provided with a biasing plate 36 that biases the cartridges 2 stored in the storage space 35b downward. In addition, the biasing plate 36
is urged downward by a fill spring 37.

Further, reference numeral 38 is a set screw for fixing the magazine main body 35 to the support column 34.

The tool holder 1 also includes a second hydraulic cylinder (tip holder exchange mechanism) 39 for pushing out the cartridge 2 along the side of the tool holder 1 on the proximal end side of the magazine 5.
is provided.

This second hydraulic cylinder 39 has its piston rod 3
The distal end surface of the cartridge 9a is provided so as to face the proximal end surface of the cartridge 2 stored in the magazine 5 and located on the supply surface lb, and by extending the piston rod 39a, the cartridge 2 on the supply surface lb can be moved. Magazine body 5
It is pushed out from inside toward the mounting seat la.

Further, in FIG. 1, reference numerals 40 and 41 indicate sensors for detecting the position of a piston (not shown) of the second hydraulic cylinder 39 and controlling the protrusion stroke of the piston rod 39a.

Further, the tool holder l is provided with a fall prevention plate 42 on the distal end side of the magazine 5 and above the supply surface tb to prevent the cartridge 2 from falling from the tool holder l.

This drop prevention plate 42 comes into contact with the top surface of the chip holder 8 of the cartridge 2 passing over the supply surface tb, and prevents the cartridge 2 from falling from the supply surface 1b.

Further, the fall prevention plate 42 is fixed to the tool holder 1 with bolts at a position on the proximal end side of the recessed part guard 4 and on the proximal end side of the clamp member 11, and inside thereof, there is a An air circulation hole 42a is formed that has a jet port that jets air toward the diagonal tip side and extends toward the recess 14 side of the cutting tool holder I.

This air circulation hole 42a is connected to an air supply hole 1c formed inside the tool holder l.

In addition, in FIG. 4, reference numeral 43 is a hole cap that closes the front end surface of the first cylinder hole 19 to prevent chips and the like from entering.

In the automatic tip exchange tool configured as described above, when attaching the cartridge 2 to the tool holder l,
With the cartridge 2 housed in the magazine body 35, the magazine body 35 is attached to the support 34. At this time, the groove 35a of the magazine body 35 is aligned with both sides of the support column 34, and the magazine body 35 is slid from above. Thereby, the magazine body 35 containing the cartridge 2 can be easily attached to the support column 34. After that, by tightening the set screw 38 and fixing the magazine body 35 to the support column 34,
The attachment of the cartridge 2 to the tool holder 1 is completed.

In addition, the first hydraulic pull 30 and the second hydraulic cylinder 3
In a free state in which the rod 9 is not operated, the rod 24 is urged toward the proximal end by the spring force of the disc spring 28. Therefore, in the free state, the steel ball 23 moves upward on the inclined surface 20a of the camshaft 20, and the bolt 1
8 is pushed upward, and by this upward pushing force, the clamp member 11 is rotated about the bottle 16 so that its tip is moved downward. Therefore, if mounting seat 1a
If the cartridge 2 is in the proper position, the clamp claw 11a of the clamp member 11 will fit into the clamp groove 8a of the cartridge 2, and the cartridge 2 will be fixed in that position. At this time, the cartridge 2 is accurately positioned by the clamp claw 11a.

When the piston rod 31 of the first hydraulic cylinder 30 is extended, the piston rod 31 causes the rod 24 to move toward the distal end side against the urging force of the disc spring 28 . Then, the camshaft 20 moves toward the tip side, and the steel ball 23 moves downward along the inclined surface 20g. As a result, the force of pushing the bolt l8 upward is released by the steel ball 23, and the coil spring 17 then applies the force to the clamp member!
1 rotates around the bottle 16 so that its tip side is lifted upward. Therefore, if the cartridge 2 is fixed on the mounting seat la, the clamp claw 11a of the clamp member 11 comes off from the clamp groove 8a of the cartridge 2, and the cartridge 2 becomes free. Therefore, when replacing the cartridge 2 on the mounting seat la, the piston rod 31 of the first hydraulic cylinder 30 is extended to keep the cartridge 2 in a free state, that is, in an unclamped state.

In this way, when the piston rod 39a of the second hydraulic cylinder 39 is extended in the unclamped state, the cartridge 2 located inside the magazine body 35 and on the supply surface tb is pushed by the piston rod 39a and attached. Move to seat tb side.

Immediately after leaving the magazine body 35, the cartridge 2 is urged upward by the ball blanket 3, and moves toward the mounting seat la while the top surface of the chip holder 8 is pressed against the fall prevention plate 42. Therefore, even if the tip of the tool holder 1 is attached with the tip facing in a downward direction, for example, the cartridge 2 will not fall freely and will move under the control of the second hydraulic cylinder 39. Become.

Then, move the cartridge 2 to its proper position on the mounting seat la.
moves, the piston rod 31 of the first hydraulic cylinder 30 is retracted, thereby applying the biasing force of the disc spring 28 to the clamp member 1 via the camshaft 20, the steel ball 23, and the bolt 18.
Tell 1.

Then, the clamp groove 8a of the chip holder 8 is pressed downward by the clamp claw 11a of the clamp member 11, and the cartridge 2 is fixed on the mounting seat la.

At this time, if a cartridge 2 already exists on the mounting seat ia, a new cartridge 2 is fixed by pushing out the existing old cartridge.

Therefore, by automatically controlling the first hydraulic cylinder 30 and the second hydraulic flick 39, the cartridge 2 can be automatically replaced.

Furthermore, when replacing the cartridge 2, air is blown out from the outlet of the air flow hole 42a formed in the fall prevention plate 42, thereby blowing away chips, etc. existing on the mounting seat 1a, the supply surface, and the vicinity. As a result, parts such as the mounting seat 1a and the supply surface tb are cleaned.

Furthermore, the piston rod 39 of the second hydraulic cylinder 39
When a is retracted, the entire cartridge 2 in the magazine body 35 is moved downward by the urging plate 36, and the cartridge 2 at the lowest position is placed on the supply surface Ib.

However, when replacing the cartridge 2, it is preferable to move the turret to the home position, and prepare the home position for receiving the used cartridge 2. After replacing the cartridge 2, it is desirable to move the tool rest to the proper position for cutting again.

Therefore, an example of a preferable order for replacing the cartridge 2 is as follows: (1) Set the magazine body 35 containing the cartridge 2 in the tool holder.

(2) Extend the piston rod 31 of the first hydraulic flick 30 to unclamp it.

(2) Extend the piston rod 39a of the second hydraulic flick 39 to feed out the cartridge 2.

(2) Retract the piston rod 39a of the second hydraulic flick 39.

(2) Retract the biston rod 31 of the first hydraulic flick 30 and fix the quadratic 2 by the clutch knob force of the disc spring 28.

■Perform cutting work (for a certain amount of time).

■Move the turret to the specified position (home position).

(2) Extend the biston rod 31 of the first hydraulic flick 30 to unclamp it.

■ Supply compressed air to the air supply hole 1c, and
Air is ejected from the ejection port 2a to clean the supply surface 1b and the like.

[Phase] Second iE [Piston rod 39 of cylinder 39
A is extended to feed a new cartridge 2, thereby dropping the used cartridge 2 into the container located at the home position.

(2) Retract the piston rod 39a of the second hydraulic cylinder 39.

@Retract the piston rod 31 of the first hydraulic cylinder 30 and fix the new cartridge 2 on the mounting seat la using the disc spring 28.

■Perform cutting work (for a certain amount of time).

[Stock] Repeat steps from ■ to [Stock] above.

According to the automatic tip exchange tool configured as described above, the magazine main body 35 is attached to the tool holder L by simply aligning the groove 35a of the magazine main body 35 with the support 34 provided on the tool holder L and sliding it. Therefore, the cartridge 2 can be attached to the cutting tool holder l extremely easily.

Furthermore, the piston rod 39 of the second hydraulic cylinder 39
Since the cartridge 2 can be moved to the mounting seat 1a and replaced by simply expanding and contracting the cartridge 1a, the cartridge 1 can be replaced in an extremely short time.

Furthermore, since the cartridge 2 pushed out from the magazine body 35 can be held on the supply surface 1b or the mounting seat la by the fall prevention plate 42 and the ball plunger 3, for example, the tool holder l can be held at its tip. Even when the cartridge 2 is installed facing downward, it is possible to prevent the cartridge 2 from falling during replacement.

In addition, since the fall prevention plate 42 is formed with an air circulation hole 42a having a spout that blows out diagonally in front of the supply surface tb, it is possible to cleanly remove chips, etc. on and around the supply surface 1b and the mounting seat la. Can be washed. Therefore, problems such as the cartridge 2 being installed diagonally due to the chips, or the chips causing galling when the cartridge 2 slides on the supply surface 1b, etc., causing the cartridge 2 to stop moving, etc. can be prevented.

Furthermore, since the cartridge 2 is fixed on the mounting seat la by the biasing force of the disc spring 28, and is not fixed by hydraulic pressure or other force, the cartridge 2 is fixed on the mounting seat la.
It has the advantage that it can be stably fixed on top.

Furthermore, since the bolt I8 is pushed upward by the steel ball 23 moving along the inclined surface 20a of the camshaft 20, and this push-up blade is utilized, the disc spring 28 is The biasing force caused by this can be amplified and transmitted to the bolt 18. therefore,
This has the effect that the cartridge 2 can be firmly fixed on the mounting seat la.

In addition, by storing cartridges 2 having different types of chips in the magazine 5, programmed operation of a plurality of types of cutting operations becomes possible. Therefore, it can be used as a substitute for a turret lathe, for example, for cutting the outer shape and then grooving.

In the above embodiment, the mounting seat 1a and the supply surface tb were formed to have a V-shaped cross section, and to match this, the lower surface of the tip holder 8 was also formed to have a V-shaped chevron.
As shown in the figure, it may be formed to have a rectangular cross section, or as shown in FIG. You may.

Further, the clamp groove 8a formed in the tip holder 8 may be formed as a spherical recess 51 as shown in FIG. 1O, or as shown in FIG. It may also be formed like grooves 52 and 53. However, the clamp claw 11a also has a spherical recess 51.
Needless to say, it is necessary to form it in a shape that matches the clamp grooves 52 and 53.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, a tip holder to which a tip for cutting a cutting edge is attached, and a mounting seat for mounting the tip holder on the tip side are formed, and the base of the mounting seat is formed. a tool holder having a supply surface continuous to the mounting seat and supplying the tip holder to the mounting seat formed on an end side; a clamp member that presses and fixes the tip holder against the mounting seat; the tip holder; A plurality of magazines are stacked and stored on the supply surface, and a chip holder exchange mechanism is used to push out one of the chip holders stored in the magazine located on the supply surface between the clamp member and the mounting seat. Therefore, by sequentially feeding the tool holders in the magazine onto the mounting seat, the tip holder with a used tip can be ejected and automatically replaced with a tip holder with a new tip.

Therefore, it is possible to carry out long-time turning operations unattended, which would otherwise be possible without changing the tip.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 11 are diagrams showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a side view of an automatic tip exchange tool, FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of the ■ arrow in FIG. 1, and FIG. A plan view of the automatic chip exchange tool, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the TV-TV line in FIG. 3,
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the Cartlitz, Fig. 6 is a view in the direction of the ■ arrow in Fig. 5, Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the - - line in Fig. 5, and Fig. 8 is a view of the mounting seat and supply surface. A cross-sectional view showing another example, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the mounting seat and the supply surface,
0 is a sectional view showing a spherical recess shown as another example of the clamp groove of the chip holder, and FIG. 11 is a plan view showing still another example of the clamp of the chip holder. ! ......Bite holder, 1a...Mounting seat, Ib...Feeding surface, 5...Magazine,
7... Chip (throwaway chip), 8.
...Chip holder, 11...Clamp member,
3I...First hydraulic cylinder, 39...
- Second hydraulic cylinder (tip holder exchange mechanism).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A tip holder to which a tip having a cutting edge is attached, and a mounting seat for mounting the tip holder on the distal end side, and the tip is attached to the proximal end side of the mounting seat and continues to the mounting seat. a tool holder having a supply surface for supplying the holder to the mounting seat; a clamp member that presses and fixes the tip holder against the mounting seat; a magazine that stores a plurality of the chip holders stacked on the supply surface; An automatic tip exchange tool comprising: a tip holder exchange mechanism that pushes out one of the tip holders housed in the magazine located on the supply surface between the clamp member and the mounting seat.