JPH0436079B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a free parallel ruler in which when the straight edge is free from non-rotating members on an inclined drawing board, the straight edge moves along the drawing surface in the falling direction. This invention relates to a balance device for a ruler that prevents sudden rotation and maintains a stable stationary state.

The main object of the present invention will be explained with reference to the explanatory diagrams shown in FIGS. 17 and 18.

A spring 78 attached to the non-rotating body side of the head is attached to the rotating body 60 to which the straightedge 52 is connected.
In a configuration in which a tensile force of 8 is applied to the eccentric portion of the rotating body 60, when the straight edge 52 is at approximately +90 degrees, the tensile force of the spring 78 is zero, and the rotational torque about the double axis 20 of the rotating body 60 is Set to zero.
In the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 17b, the straight edge 52
Assume that when the rotating body is rotated such that the angle becomes zero degrees, a tensile load of a spring of, for example, 5 kg acts on the rotating body 60. At this time, the rotational torque of the rotating body 60 due to the spring 78 becomes maximum. Furthermore, when the rotating body 60 is rotated in the direction of rotation of the hour hand until the ruler 52 is at -90 degrees (see Fig. 17C), the spring force becomes 10 kg,
The rotational torque of the rotating body 60 becomes zero. In this case, a load of 10 kg acts between the rotating body 60 and the multiple shaft 20 due to the spring force. As a result, the rotating body 6
The pressure load on the double shaft 20 of 0 becomes large, which adversely affects the durability of the head and the angular accuracy of the ruler 52. However, as shown in FIGS. 17d to 17f, the second rotating body 62 is rotatably supported by a shaft 64 on the non-rotating body side, and the rotating body 62 and the rotating body 60 are
In a configuration in which the teeth provided on the outer periphery of each are engaged and a spring 78 is attached to the eccentric part of the second rotating body 62, when the ruler 52 is at +90 degrees, the spring force is zero and the torque of the rotating body 62 is zero. When the ruler 52 is at zero degrees, the spring force is 5 kg,
The torque of the rotating body 62 becomes maximum. When the rotating body 62 is rotated until the ruler 52 reaches -90 degrees as shown in FIG. 17f, the spring force becomes 10 kg, but the rotational torque of the rotating body 62 is zero. In this case, since only the torque of the rotating body acts on the rotating body 60, the rotating body 60
The pressure load acting between the shaft 20 and the double shaft 20 is zero. As is clear from the above explanation, if the rotating body to which the ruler is connected is engaged with the second rotating body provided on the non-rotating body side of the head, and a spring force is applied to the second rotating body. , the pressure load between the rotating body and the multiple shafts can be reduced.

The main object of the present invention is to rotatably support a second rotating body on the non-rotating member side of the head, and to apply a spring to the second rotating body to balance a ruler provided on the non-rotating member. At the same time, the second rotating body is engaged with the rotating body of the head, so that the rotating body of the head can smoothly rotate about multiple axes.

Next, another object of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

When the drawing board is tilted vertically,
Rotational torque is generated in the rotating body 60 in the direction of the hour hand about the multiple shaft 20 due to the total weight of the rotating body 60 and the ruler 52 etc. connected thereto. This rotational torque is at its maximum when the ruler is at zero degrees. By canceling this rotational torque, the rotating body 60
When balancing, if the center of gravity G point on the rotating body 60 side is supported, the load between the multiple shaft 20 and the rotating body 60 becomes zero. However, as a practical matter, supporting the center of gravity on the rotating body 60 side is difficult due to the design.
Have difficulty. Therefore, by supporting a position near the center of gravity on the outer periphery of the rotating body 60, for example, point H, the pressure load between the rotating body 60 and the double shaft 20 can be reduced. In addition, as shown in FIG. 18C, when supporting point J on the outer periphery of the rotating body 60, which is farthest from the center of gravity A large load will be applied to the

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the pressure load between the rotating body and the multiple shaft by setting the engagement point between the second rotating body and the rotating body near the center of gravity of the rotating body. It is a matter of coercion.

The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a drawing board, which is supported by a support frame of a drafting table which can be tilted freely so as to be fixed at a desired angle of inclination. 4 is a horizontal rail arranged on the upper side of the drawing board 2, and a horizontal cursor 6 is movably attached to this rail. The upper end of the vertical rail 8 is connected to the horizontal cursor 6. The lower end of the vertical rail 8 is movably placed on the drawing board 2 via a tail roller. 12 is a vertical cursor movably attached to the vertical rail 8, and a supporting substrate 18 of the head 16 is attached to this via a known double hinge mechanism 14.
are connected. A tubular double shaft 20 is fixed to the tube portion of the support substrate 18 with a nut.
Reference numeral 22 denotes a tubular main shaft, the outer peripheral surface of which is rotatably fitted into the inner peripheral surface of the multi-shaft 20, and a mounting plate 24 is fixed to the upper part of the main shaft 22 with a nut. A grip handle 26 is fixed to the mounting plate 24. Reference numeral 28 denotes an index lever, one end of which is coupled with a play to the upper end of a conical rod 30 disposed within the main shaft 22. 32 is a stationary plate fixed to the support substrate 18; 34 is a protractor rotatably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the flange of the multi-shaft 20; (omitted) to the fixed platen 32. 36 is the protractor board 3
4, and index recesses 38 are bored at predetermined intervals on the outer periphery of the index ring. 40 is a board fixed to the flange of the main shaft 22, and a ruler mounting plate 4 is attached to this board.
2 is installed. A swing arm 44 has one end rotatably supported on the substrate 40 by a shaft 46, and a claw portion 44a of this swing arm is fitted into one of the index recesses 38. The conical rod 30
One end of a transmission member 48 is connected to the lower end of the transmission member 48, and a shaft body 50 fixed to the other end of the transmission member 48 is fitted into a long groove formed transparently in the swing arm 44. The transmission member 48 is biased toward the left in FIG. 2 by a spring member 52. The index lever 28, the conical rod 30, the index ring 36, the swing arm 44, and the transmission member 48 move the base plate 40 to the protractor 3.
4 constitutes means for fixing and unfixing.
Straight rulers 52 and 54 are removably fixed to the ruler mounting plate 42. 56 is a bottom cover fixed to the substrate 40, and 58 is an upper cover attached to the cover 56. The above support board 18, fixed plate 32, protractor plate 34, index ring 3
6. The multiple shafts 20 each constitute a non-rotating member of the head. Reference numeral 60 denotes a rotating body made of a tube fixed to the mounting plate 24, and teeth 60a are fixedly provided at the lower part of the rotating body 60. The rotation center of the teeth 60a and the rotation center of the main shaft 22 coincide.
Reference numeral 62 denotes a second rotating body made of a gear rotatably supported by a shaft 64 on the support substrate 18, and the rotating body 62 meshes with the teeth 60a. Reference numeral 66 denotes a guide groove formed in the main body of the gear 62 to be elongated in the radial direction of the main body, and a bridge member 68 is disposed in the guide groove so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction of the guide groove 66. A screw shaft 70 is rotatably supported by the main body of the rotating body 62, and a screw hole of the bridge member 68 is screwed into the screw shaft 70. The screw shaft 70
A molding 72 is fixed to one end of. Reference numeral 74 is a cylinder whose one end opening is fixed to the support substrate 18, and a disk member 76 is slidably disposed inside the cylinder. A coil spring 78 is compressed and disposed within the cylinder 74, and one end of the coil spring is in elastic contact with the plate member 76. Reference numeral 80 denotes a rope guide consisting of a rope pulley that is rotatably supported by the support substrate 18, and a flexible and bendable wire rope 82 is hung around this. One end of the rope 82 is connected to the board member 76. A metal terminal 84 is fixed to the other end of the rope 82, and the terminal 84 is connected to the protrusion of the bridge member 68. The initial zero position of the spring 78 is set so that when the terminal 84 is located at the rope restriction end E of the rope guide 80, the tension on the rope 82 by the spring 78 is exactly zero, and the spring 78 is , the substrate 4
0, a spring constant corresponding to the weight of the ruler mounting plate 42, straight rulers 52, 54, etc. is adopted.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

First, the drawing board 2 is set at a desired inclination angle in the upright direction with respect to the floor surface. Handle 26 of head 16
When the handle 26 is pressed in an arbitrary direction parallel to the surface of the drawing board 2 by grasping it with a hand, the head 16 can be moved in parallel to a desired location on the drawing board 2. When the index lever 28 is manually moved to the left with the head 16 stationary at an arbitrary position on the drawing board 2, the conical rod 30 uses its enlarged portion 30a as a fulcrum, and the counter-hour hand in FIG. The transmission member 48 swings in the rotational direction and moves to the right. This causes the swinging arm 44 to move to the third position around the shaft 46.
As shown in the figure, the hour hand swings in the direction of rotation, the claw portion 44a of the ruler moves away from the recessed portion 38 of the index ring, and the ruler mounting plate 42 becomes freely rotatable about the multiple shaft 20. That is, the ruler mounting plate 42
Fixation to the non-rotating member is released. In this state, due to the weight of the substrate 40, the ruler mounting plate 42, the straightedges 52, 54, etc., a rotational torque T' about the main shaft 22 is applied to the rotating body 60, that is, the rotating body interlocking with the ruler mounting plate 42. Occur. This rotational torque T' and the rotational torque T acting on the second rotating body 62 due to the elasticity of the spring 78 have the same magnitude and are opposite in direction. Therefore, even if the straightedges 52 and 54 are in a free rotation state, they remain stationary on the drawing board 2 and do not rotate suddenly due to their own weight. When the straight edge 52 is rotated by approximately +90 degrees until it is upwardly parallel to the vertical rail 8, the rotational torque due to the weight of the straight edges 52, 54, etc. of the rotating body 60 becomes zero. At this time, the terminal 84 is closest to the rope guide 80 and the spring 78
The so-called rotation radius R, which is a rotational torque generating element of the second rotating body 62, is set to zero. When the straightedge 52 is rotated by approximately -90 degrees, the rotational torque due to the weight of the straightedges 52 and 54 on the rotating body 60 becomes zero. At this time, the terminal 84 is farthest away from the rope guide 80, the rope 82 is located on the line of the rotation center axis 64 of the second rotating body 62, and the tensile force of the spring 78 is maximum. However, this tensile force is supported by the shaft 64 on the non-rotating member side and does not act on the rotating body 60.

Next, the operation for adjusting the rotation radius R will be explained.

When the molding 72 is rotated, the screw shaft 70 is rotated. As a result, the bridge member 68 moves along the guide groove 66, and the rope terminal 84 moves in the radial direction on the rotating body 62 in conjunction with the bridge member 68.
The rope terminal 84 is moved relative to the center of rotation of the rotating body 62. The distance of the rope connection point C changes. When the inclination angle of the drawing board is changed, the value of the load W applied to the board 40 due to the weight of the straightedge, etc. is as follows:
It changes along with this change. Therefore, when the inclination angle of the drawing board 2 is changed, by adjusting the rotation of the molding 72, the tension of the spring 78 is reduced in response to the rotational torque T' generated on the rotating body 62 by the load W. It is possible to match the magnitude of the rotational torque T generated in the rotating body 62 due to the load.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

100 is a bracket, the vertical part 10 of this
The lower end of 0a is connected to the support substrate 104 by screws 102.
Fixed. Vertical part 1 of bracket 100
Vertical rope pulleys 10 are installed at the upper and lower ends of 00a.
6 and 108 are rotatably supported. The upper end of the vertical portion 100a is connected to the rope pulley 106.
A rope guide 110 consisting of a horizontal rope pulley is rotatably supported adjacent to the rope guide 110 . 11
Reference numeral 6 denotes a screw rod that is rotatably and slidably inserted into a horizontal hole 114 provided in the side wall of the handle 112 (rotating body) in the radial direction, and a molding 118 is fixed to one end of this rod. . One surface of the molding 118 rotatably abuts a counterbore 120 formed in the handle 112. 1
Reference numeral 22 denotes a second rotary body consisting of a frame body, and the threaded rod 116 is rotatably fitted into holes formed through a pair of side walls of this body. With this configuration, only the rotational torque of the rotating body 122 is transmitted to the handle 112 (rotating body) via the threaded rod 116. A disc-shaped protrusion 124 protruding from the bottom wall of the rotating body 122
is rotatably fitted into a hole 126 provided in the horizontal portion of the bracket 100. Said hole 126
The center thereof coincides with the rotation center of the handle 112. The upper end of the rotating body 122 is in contact with the lower surface of the cap 112a of the handle 112. Reference numeral 128 designates a piece member that is screwed into the screw rod 116, and a shaft body 130 is fixed to the lower end of this piece member, and a terminal 134 of a wire rope 132 is fitted into the shaft body 130. The screw rod 116 is configured to not move in the axial direction of the screw rod 116 with respect to the rotating body 122 by a stopper ring. The lower end of the shaft body 130 is slidably in contact with the upper surface of the horizontal portion of the rotating body 122, and the lower end of the shaft member 130
One side and the top surface are in slidable contact with the side surface of the vertical portion of the rotating body 122 and the bottom surface of the cap 112a of the handle 112, respectively. 140 is a coil spring whose one end is screwed to the support substrate 104, and the other end of which is connected to one end of a flexible wire rope 132. The wire rope 132 is hung around the pulleys 108, 106 and the rope guide 110, and the terminal 134 is connected to the other end. The internal structure of the head is the same as that shown in FIG. 2, so a description thereof will be omitted. In the above configuration, when the center point of the hole of the terminal 134 is moved to the rope regulating end E of the rope guide, the spring 14
It is set so that the tension at zero is zero.
Also, move the handle 112 of the head to the seventh position on the inclined drawing board.
In the figure, the horizontal straightedge 52 rotates in the counterclockwise rotation direction until it becomes approximately parallel to the vertical rail 8 (see FIG. 1), and the weight of the straightedges 52 and 54 occurs on the handle 112. When the rotational torque T' is zero, the terminal 134 is closest to the rope guide 106, and the handle 11 is moved by the spring 140.
The rotation radius R as the second rotational torque generating element is set to be zero. The rotational torque T' generated on the base plate 40 in the direction of rotation of the hour hand in FIG.
The signal is transmitted to the handle 112 (rotating body) via. On the other hand, the tensile force of the spring 140 is applied via the rope 132, the bridge member 128, and the threaded rod 116.
A rotational torque T is transmitted to the handle 112 and generated in the handle 112 in the counterclockwise direction of rotation of the hour hand in FIG. 7 due to the tensile force of the spring 140. When the drawing board is fixed at a predetermined inclination angle, the magnitudes of the rotational torques T and T' are set to be the same, and when the straight edge is free, it rests on the inclined drawing board and is perfectly balanced. do. When the inclination angle of the drawing board is changed, the magnitude of the rotational torque T' changes.
In this case, the molding 118 is rotated to move the bridge member 128 in the radial direction of the handle 112 along the threaded rod 116 so that the magnitude of the rotational torque T' matches the magnitude of the rotational torque T. . Rotate the rotating body 112 until the horizontal straightedge 52 reaches approximately -90 degrees, and then rotate the second rotating body 122 of the spring 140.
When the tensile force is at its maximum, this tensile force is supported by the bracket 100, and the rotating body 112 is not affected by the tensile force of the spring 140. As shown in FIG. 8, one end 15 of the bending spring 150 is set so that the elasticity is zero when both ends 150a and 150b are overlapped.
0a is rotatably attached to the support substrate 18, and the other end 1
50b may be rotatably attached to the bridge member 68. Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the cylindrical body 152 is rotatably mounted on the support substrate 18.
The tip of the rod 158 supported by the coil spring 156 is rotatably connected to the bridge member 68, and the tensile force of the rod 158 causes the second
The rotating body 62 may be biased in the counterclockwise direction of rotation of the hour hand in the figure. In that configuration, rod 1
The initial elasticity of the spring 156 is set so that when the tip of the coil spring 158 is moved to the center of rotation of the cylinder 152, the elastic force of the coil spring 156 becomes zero. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the second
A pulley portion for a timing belt may be formed on each of the rotating bodies 160 and 162, and the pulley portions may be connected by an endless timing belt 164. Note that an ordinary belt may be used instead of the timing belt. The second rotating body 160 is rotatably mounted on a support substrate 166 with a shaft 168.
The rotating body 162 is fixed to a cylindrical body 172 fixed to a mounting plate 170 by screws. A screw shaft 174 rotatably supported by the rotating body 160
The bridge member 176 is screwed into the screw shaft 174, and when the screw shaft 174 is rotated, the bridge member 176 moves along the screw shaft 174. A protrusion 178 is rotatably fitted into the bridge member 176.
A metal fitting terminal 180a of the rope 180 is fitted into the hole. 182 is a bracket fixed to the support substrate 166 with a screw, one end of the coil spring 184 is engaged with the screw, and the coil spring 1
One end of a wire rope 180 is connected to the other end of 84. The other end of the wire rope 180 is connected to the bridge member 176 via the metal terminal 180a. 186 is a rope guide consisting of a pulley rotatably provided on the support substrate 166; 188;
is a belt guide pulley rotatably provided on the bracket 182. Note that the structure of the other heads is almost the same as the structure shown in FIG. 2, so a description thereof will be omitted.

In the above configuration, the rotational torque generated in the rotating body 162 in the counterclockwise rotating direction of the hour hand in FIG. 14 due to the weight of the straightedge, etc.
4 to the second rotating body 160, and this rotational torque cancels out the rotational torque due to the tensile force of the spring 184. The maximum tensile force of the spring 184 is supported by the support shaft 168 of the second rotating body 160 and is not transmitted to the rotating body 162. The torque generated in the second rotating body 160 can be adjusted by rotating the screw shaft 174 and moving the bridge member 176 in the radial direction of the rotating body 160. 14 to 16 disclose an embodiment in which the engagement point between the second rotating body and the rotating body is set near the center of gravity of the rotating body. In FIGS. 14 and 15, 122a is an arm protruding from the second rotating body 122, and one side of the tip of the arm 122a is in a state where the horizontal straightedge 52 is parallel to the horizontal rail 4. A recess 19 is formed in the handle 112 (rotating body) at a location on the right side of FIG. 14, that is, near the center of gravity on the rotating body side.
It abuts and engages with a surface 190a parallel to the horizontal rail 4 of 0. The contact portion between the surface 190a and one side of the arm 122a forms an engagement point between the two rotating bodies 112, 122. A hole 114 formed in the handle 112 has a larger diameter than the hole in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and a gap is formed between the hole 114 and the screw shaft 116. The other structure is the same as the structure shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, reference numeral 192 is a belt pulley rotatably attached to the bracket 182, and the belt pulley 192 allows the horizontal straight edge 52 to be held approximately horizontally with respect to the horizontal rail 4 at the 16th position of the rotating body 162. In the figure, the timing belt 16 is located on the right side, near the center of gravity on the rotating body 162 side.
4 and one engaging end K of the rotating body 162 is positioned. The engaging end K is connected to both rotating bodies 162, 160.
constitutes the engagement point of the The other structure is the same as that of the head shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.

In addition, the cylindrical body 74, the coil spring 78, the rope 82, the spring 140, and the rope 132
The bending spring 150, the cylindrical body 152, the coil spring 156, and the rod 158 are connected to the second rotating body 6.
2, 122, and 160 constitute biasing means for applying a rotational torque for balance.

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the effect of achieving the object stated at the beginning.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view, Fig. 2 is a sectional view, Fig. 3 is a plan view, Fig. 4 is a sectional view, Fig. 5 is a sectional view, Fig. 6 is a sectional view, Fig. 7 is a plan view, and Fig. 7 is a plan view. 8 is a plan view, 9 is a plan view, 10 is an explanatory view, 11 is an explanatory view, 12 is a sectional view, 13 is a plan view, 14 is a plan view, and 15 16 is a plan view, FIG. 17 is an explanatory view, and FIG. 18 is an explanatory view. 2...Drawing board, 4...Horizontal rail, 6...Horizontal cursor, 8
...Vertical rail, 10...Tail roller, 12...Vertical cursor, 14...Hinge mechanism, 16...Head, 18...Support board, 20...Multi-shaft, 22...Main shaft, 24...Mounting plate, 26...Grip handle, 28...Index Tx lever, 30... Conical rod, 2... Fixed plate, 34... Protractor plate, 36... Index ring, 40... Board, 4
2... Ruler mounting plate, 52, 54... Ruler, 60... Tube body, 78... Spring, 80... Rope guide, 8
2...Wire rope.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A head that can be moved to any position on a drawing board while maintaining a predetermined orientation, a main shaft that is rotatably inserted into the non-rotating member side of the head, and the main shaft. A universally balanced ruler comprising a ruler mounting plate attached to the ruler, a first rotating body that rotates in conjunction with the ruler mounting plate, and a straightedge attached to the ruler mounting plate, wherein the head is non-rotatable. A second rotary body is rotatably supported on the member side, the second rotary body and the first rotary body are engaged with each other so as to synchronize with each other in the rotation direction, and one end of the biasing means is engaged. The biasing means is connected to the non-rotating member side of the head, and the other end of the biasing means is placed at an eccentric position of the second rotary member, and the biasing means is connected to the second rotary member at an eccentric position of the second rotary member.
A balancing device for a ruler, characterized in that the rotating body is connected so that a rotational torque is generated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation due to the weight of the straightedge, etc. of the rotating body. 2. A head that can be moved to any position on the drawing board while maintaining a predetermined orientation, a main shaft that is rotatably inserted into the non-rotating member side of the head, and a ruler attached to the main shaft. A universally balanced ruler comprising a plate, a first rotating body that rotates in conjunction with the ruler mounting plate, and a straight ruler attached to the ruler mounting plate, wherein a second rotary member is provided on the non-rotating member side of the head. A rotary body is rotatably supported, the second rotary body and the first rotary body are engaged with each other so as to synchronize with each other in the rotational direction, and one end of the biasing means is connected to a non-rotating member of the head. the other end of the biasing means is connected to the second rotating body at an eccentric position of the second rotating body, and the other end of the biasing means is connected to the second rotating body at an eccentric position of the second rotating body.
The first rotating body is connected so that a rotational torque is generated in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation due to the weight of the straightedge, etc., and the angular state in which the rotational torque due to the weight of the straightedge, etc. of the first rotating body is maximum. A ruler balancing device, characterized in that an engagement point between the second rotating body and the first rotating body is set near a center of gravity on the side of the first rotating body.