JPH04372398A - Punching method and device using detonation hydraulic pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a punching method using detonation hydraulic pressure that can easily obtain high impact hydraulic pressure, and an apparatus therefor.

0002

[Prior Art] Punching is performed by applying hydraulic pressure to the other surface of a workpiece, such as a plate material, whose one surface is supported by a punching die, which is instantaneous but under extremely high pressure. Preferably, the material is punched out. Conventionally, several methods are known for machining using such hydraulic pressure.

[0003] For example, first of all, an impact liquid pressure generating device was proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-157725, which generates impact liquid pressure in the liquid by driving a bullet into the liquid such as water for pressurization. Therefore, it is possible to apply pressure by such a device to a workpiece such as a plate material and press the workpiece into a punching die to perform a punching process.

[0004] Secondly, a device is known that generates impact water pressure by burning explosives underwater, and the pressure from such a device presses a plate material as a workpiece against a punching die to perform punching. It is also possible to do this. This device can be used primarily for machining large parts.

Thirdly, a piston accelerated by gas pressure or the like collides with the surface of a pressurizing liquid contained in a container to generate an impact liquid pressure.
There is also known an apparatus in which a workpiece is pressed against a punching die using the hydraulic pressure for punching. This device can also be applied to punching operations, and the device can be used to process relatively small parts.

[0006]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned methods of punching using impact hydraulic pressure using the first to third devices have common or individual problems as follows. . 1. The whole or part of the inner wall of the container is directly exposed to high temperature and high pressure fields. 2. Using dangerous and expensive explosives. 3. To make a loud noise. 4. Due to the danger involved, there are restrictions on where it can be installed. 5. It is difficult to significantly change the ultimate pressure. 6. Not suitable for repeated operation over short periods of time. 7. Requires large-scale equipment. 8. Moving parts such as pistons must be replaced. 9. 10.Due to the long duration of pressure, damage to the punching die is significant.10. Solid matter remaining in the hydraulic chamber. 11. The structure of the device is complex, making maintenance and inspection difficult. 12. Only one impact water pressure can be obtained in one shot.

That is, in the first method described above, 1
~6,8,9~12, 1~7,9,10 in the second method
, 12, and in the third method 1, 4 to 9, 11, 12
It has the following disadvantages.

The present invention solves the problems of the conventional methods described above, and provides a method and apparatus for punching using detonation hydraulic pressure that is safe, can be repeatedly operated in a short time, and can be processed at high speed. The purpose is to

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, the above-mentioned objects are firstly achieved with regard to a punching method using detonation hydraulic pressure.
The detonation wave generated by igniting the flammable mixture is converged as it progresses, and the high pressure obtained at the convergence part is transmitted to the liquid and converted to liquid pressure, and the liquid pressure is used to control the workpiece through the membrane or directly. This is accomplished by pressing the member into a punching die and punching it out.

[0010] The apparatus for carrying out the above method includes a combustion chamber whose cross-sectional area becomes smaller from one end to the other, an ignition chamber which receives fuel supply and is provided with an ignition plug, and an ignition a plurality of guiding paths having equal path lengths that branch out from the combustion chamber and communicate with one end of the combustion chamber; a hydraulic pressure chamber connected to an opening at the other end that is the smallest cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber; This is achieved by comprising a processing chamber that communicates with the processing chamber, and a punching die that supports a workpiece that is subjected to hydraulic pressure through a membrane or directly accommodated in the processing chamber.

[0011]

[Operation] In the present invention, punching is performed in the following manner. ■ First, the combustion chamber, guideway, and ignition chamber, which are in communication with each other, are filled with a combustible gas mixture at a nearly stoichiometric ratio. ■ Next, ignite it in the ignition chamber. ■ When ignited, the flame travels through the combustion chamber through a guide path due to detonation. At this time, since each guide path has the same path length, the flames of each guide path reach one end of the combustion chamber at the same time. (2) In the combustion chamber, the flame propagates toward the other end, but since the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber decreases toward the other end, the flame pressure increases and reaches its maximum value at the other end. A hydraulic chamber is connected to the opening at the other end, and the liquid level faces the opening, so the pressure is transmitted to the liquid within the hydraulic chamber. (2) The pressure of the liquid in the hydraulic chamber presses the workpiece on the punching die against the die through the membrane or directly, thereby performing the punching process.

0012

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion chamber, which has a conical shape facing downward, and has a cross-sectional area that is maximum at the upper end 1A and minimum at the lower end 1B, forming a converging section.

The inner wall of the upper end 1A of the combustion chamber 1 is curved slightly upward, and a plurality of hole-shaped guide passages 2 communicate therewith. The plurality of guide paths 2 are converged upward into a disc-shaped dispersion chamber 3. An ignition chamber 4 extending upward is connected to the dispersion chamber 3 in communication. An ignition plug 5 operated by an ignition device 6 is provided in the upper part of the ignition chamber 4, and is connected to a fuel supply source 9 and an oxidizer supply source 10 via flowmeters 7 and 8, respectively. . Note that 11 is a pressure gauge for checking the pressure inside the ignition chamber 4.

The lower end 1B of the combustion chamber 1 is open, a hydraulic pressure chamber 12 is connected thereto, and a processing device 13 using hydraulic pressure is provided directly below the lower end 1B. A liquid such as water as a pressure medium is concentrated in the hydraulic pressure chamber 12, and the liquid level is at the lower end 1B of the combustion chamber 1 as shown in the figure.
The intervening surface may face directly or may be formed of a strong and easily deformable membrane. A pipe 14 for air venting is connected to the hydraulic pressure chamber 12 via a valve, and a liquid supply device 15 such as water for hydraulic pressure is connected via the valve.

The processing device 13 accommodates therein a punching die 16 which has a punching blade on its upper surface and is replaceable. In the illustrated example, the mold 16 is formed with an annular blade portion made of concentric circles. If necessary, the processing device 13 can also hold the peripheral edge of a plate material or the like P as a workpiece to be processed between the flanges of the two, for example, between the hydraulic pressure chamber 12 and the hydraulic pressure chamber 12. A vacuum pump device 17 is connected to the processing device 13 for passing through the mold 16 and communicating with the upper space thereof to evacuate the space. The vacuum pump device 17 is also connected to the ignition chamber 4 described above.

In the apparatus of this embodiment, the generation of high hydraulic pressure and the punching process using this are performed as follows. (1) First, the plate material P to be punched is set on the punching die 16. (2) Next, the ignition chamber 4, dispersion chamber 3, guide path 2, and combustion chamber 1 are brought to a predetermined degree of vacuum by the vacuum pump device 17. At the same time, the space between the punching die 16 and the plate material P is also suctioned to a predetermined degree of vacuum. ■ After that,
The hydraulic chamber 12 is filled with a liquid such as water, and the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide path 2, and the combustion chamber 1 are filled with combustible gas at a nearly stoichiometric mixing ratio. Filled by agent source 10. (2) After completing such settings, the ignition plug 5 is activated by the ignition device 6. In the ignition chamber 4, ignition causes a detonation, and the flame spreads to the dispersion chamber 3 and the taxiway 2.
It is propagated to the upper end portion 1A of the combustion chamber 1 through. At this time, since the distances of the plurality of guideways 2 are set to be equal, the flames of the plurality of guideways 2 reach the upper end portion 1A at the same time. ■ In the combustion chamber 1, the flame moves from the upper end 1A to the lower end 1B.
However, since the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 1 gradually decreases downward, its pressure increases and the lower end 1B
The pressure will be extremely high. - Since the surface of the liquid in the hydraulic pressure chamber 12 faces the opening of the lower end 1B of the combustion chamber 1, the high pressure is propagated from the liquid surface into the liquid.
Punching die 1 of a device for processing plate material P through a membrane body or directly
6 is pressed with equal pressure and punching is performed using the blade portion. (2) Thereafter, by taking out the processed product and repeating the steps (1) to (3) above, processing can be carried out one after another.

FIG. 2 specifically explains the detonation hydraulic pressure in this embodiment using numerical values. The figure shows the results of pressure measurement near the liquid level facing the other end 1B of the combustion chamber 1. When the gas pressure at the center of the combustion chamber was 370,000 atm, the liquid pressure was generated for about 15 μsec. During that time, primary and secondary waves were obtained. The primary wave is 3200kgf/cm2
, the secondary wave was 3500 kgf/cm2. In addition,
This pressure can be easily adjusted by adjusting the gas pressure (amount) and mixture ratio filled into the combustion chamber.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on FIG. In the figures, parts common to those of the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the combustion chamber 1' is formed in a horizontal shape that expands in the radial direction. The combustion chamber 1' has a cross-sectional area that decreases toward the center due to the upper wall surface of a portion of a substantially spherical surface that swells downward. On the upper wall surface, an appropriate number of grooves 1'C are formed radially toward the center,
A combustion chamber 1' communicates with a hydraulic chamber 12 at the center.

The apparatus of this embodiment is convenient in cases where the size of the apparatus cannot be increased. The operation is the same as in the previous embodiment, and the flame flows from the guide path 2 to the combustion chamber 1.
After reaching the peripheral part 1'A, which is one end of ', it advances toward the center part 1'B, which is the other end. During its progression, the pressure becomes extremely high as the cross-sectional area decreases. Then, the high pressure is propagated to the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 12, and the processing device 13 presses the plate material P against the punching die 16 to perform punching using the blade portion thereof.

[0022]

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above,
With this method, compared to conventional methods, it is possible to perform impact hydraulic punching with a steep start-up and excellent characteristics at a lower cost and more easily. Since it depends on pressure, it has excellent pressure controllability, and has the effect of easily setting optimal conditions according to the dimensions of the workpiece.

Furthermore, since the device of the present invention does not use gunpowder unlike the conventional bullet-driving type and explosive type, the device is not subject to any restrictions on settings, and it is capable of continuously generating impact hydraulic pressure. This has the effect that it can be used in mass production systems.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a hydraulic pressure waveform in the device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the device of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Combustion chamber 1’　Combustion chamber 1A One end (upper end) 1’A　One end (periphery) 1B Other end (lower end) 1’B Other end (center) 2 Taxiway 4 Ignition chamber 5. Spark plug 12 Hydraulic pressure chamber 13 Processing room (processing equipment) 16 Punching mold P Processed part

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim 1: A detonation wave generated by igniting a flammable air-fuel mixture is converged as it progresses, and the high pressure obtained at the convergence part is transmitted to the liquid and converted into liquid pressure, and the membrane body is moved by the liquid pressure. A punching method using detonation hydraulic pressure, in which the workpiece is pressed through or directly against a punching die. 2. A combustion chamber whose cross-sectional area decreases from one end to the other; an ignition chamber that receives fuel and is provided with an ignition plug; and one end of the combustion chamber that branches off from the ignition chamber and extends. A hydraulic chamber connected to an opening at the other end of the combustion chamber having a minimum cross-sectional area, and a processing chamber communicating with the hydraulic pressure chamber. A punching device using detonation hydraulic pressure, in which a punching die that supports a workpiece that receives hydraulic pressure through a membrane or directly is housed in a processing chamber.