JPH0440068B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vertical crushing device that can be applied to bowl mills and the like.

A conventional vertical crushing device of this type is usually constructed as shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is the casing of a vertical crusher installed on the foundation;
Reference numeral 2 denotes a material supply pipe to be crushed, which is arranged at the center of the top wall of the casing 1 so that its axis coincides with the center of the casing 1, and 3 is a pedestal (not shown) installed at the center of the bottom of the casing 1. (b) is a mortar-shaped saucer (baul) rotatably supported on the top and rotationally driven by a drive source (not shown); Placed.

4 is rotatably attached to the tip of the support shaft 5 so as to be pressed against the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the mortar-shaped saucer 3 by a pressing means described later and rotate as the mortar-shaped saucer 3 rotates. The base of the support shaft 5 is connected via a support shaft 9 to a support member 11 which is fixed at a proper position outside the side wall of the casing 1 as shown in the figure. It is supported so as to be able to swing up and down at the center, and a lever 10 is connected to the base as shown in the figure.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a pressing means for pressing the crushing roller 4 against the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the mortar-shaped saucer 3;
is pressed against the upper surface of the outer periphery of the mortar-shaped saucer 3, and a compression spring is generally used as the pressing means when the crushing capacity of the crushing device is small, but when the crushing capacity is large. As the pressure increases, it is necessary to increase the pressing force of the roller 4 against the mortar-shaped saucer 3, so a hydraulic device is usually used. Note that a plurality of sets (usually 2 to 4 sets) of the rollers 4 and the members attached thereto are arranged at regular intervals along the circumferential direction of the casing 1.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a hot gas introduction pipe disposed on the side wall of the casing 1 slightly below the mortar-shaped saucer 3, and the hot gas introduction pipe 6 is connected to a hot air source or a hot gas source (not shown), The hot air or hot gas introduced into the casing from the isothermal gas introduction pipe 6 is
The air flows upward through the gap between the outer circumferential end surface of the mortar-shaped saucer 3 and the inner circumferential surface of the side wall of the casing 1 as an upward air current.

7 is a coarse powder separator disposed in the casing 1 as shown in the figure, and 8 is a fine powder outlet pipe, which is introduced into the casing 1 via the pulverized material feeder 13 through the pulverized material supply pipe 2. The material to be crushed is supplied near the center of the upper surface of the rotating mortar-shaped tray 3, and the material to be crushed is pushed out of the mortar-shaped tray 3 by the centrifugal force of the rotating mortar-shaped tray 3. It moves to the upper surface of the peripheral edge, is compressed and crushed by the crushing roller 4 that is pressed against the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge by the pressing means 12, and is then thrown out from the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge toward the outer circumference of the mortar-shaped saucer 3. .

The pulverized material thus compressed and pulverized and discharged toward the outer circumference of the mortar-shaped saucer 3 is transferred to the hot gas introduction pipe 6.
Riding the updraft of hot air or hot gas from
It rises while being dried by hot air or hot gas and enters the upper coarse powder separator 7, where it is separated into fine powder and coarse powder, and the fine powder is discharged to the outside together with air or gas from the fine powder outlet pipe 8. The coarse powder falls onto the mortar-shaped saucer 3 below and is crushed together with the crushed material newly supplied from the crushed material supply pipe 2. By repeating the above operations, the material to be crushed is crushed into a desired fine powder.

Now, in the conventional vertical crusher described above, its crushing capacity is small, and the crushing roller 4
There is no particular problem if a compression spring is used as the pressing means for the crushing roller 4, but if the crushing capacity is large and a hydraulic device is used as the pressing means for the crushing roller 4, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic device is usually A method of setting a constant value regardless of the load factor of the device, that is, a value required for the maximum load of the crushing device, or a method of setting oil pressure according to the thickness of the layer of the material to be crushed between the crushing roller 4 and the mortar-shaped receiver 3. One of the methods of controlling this has been adopted.

However, according to the former method, when the crushing device is partially loaded, a pressure contact force that is more than necessary acts on the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the crushing roller 4 and the mortar-shaped receiver 3, and the material to be crushed tends to be excessively pulverized. Not only is it
There was a drawback that the power consumption of the crushing device did not decrease commensurately with the decrease in load, making it uneconomical.

On the other hand, in the latter method, although the above-mentioned drawbacks have been improved, when the supply amount of the material to be crushed changes rapidly, the amount of material to be crushed between the crushing roller 4 and the mortar-shaped receiver 3 is affected. Since the thickness of the material layer fluctuates and there is a time delay before the oil pressure is changed, the crushing device had the disadvantage of poor load response.

The present invention was proposed to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and includes a mortar-shaped tray rotating around a vertical drive shaft, and a plurality of crushing rollers that cooperate with the mortar-shaped tray to crush the object to be crushed. and a hydraulic cylinder for pressing the roller, a material supply pipe for supplying the material to be crushed onto the receiving tray by a feeder, and a pressing means for pressing the roller against the receiving tray. The material to be crushed feeder is rotationally controlled by a variable speed motor for driving the material to be crushed, and the variable speed motor is controlled by a rotation speed control device,
The rotation speed control device is electrically connected to an electronic hydraulic control device, and the electronic hydraulic control device is composed of a function generator, a differentiator, a limiter, and a comparator, and also has a function generator and a differentiator. A hydraulic transmitter is electrically connected to the rotation speed control device, and a hydraulic transmitter is disposed between a confluence of the outputs of the function generator and the limiter and a comparator, and the comparator is connected to the rotation speed control device through a signal transmitter. It is electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve, and a control signal for the supply amount of the material to be crushed outputted by the rotation speed control device becomes an input signal to the electrohydraulic control device, and the function generator and the differentiator are connected to the electromagnetic valve. The function generator outputs a command to maintain the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder constituting the pressing means for the roller at a predetermined level based on a preset function, and the differentiator outputs a command to maintain the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder constituting the pressing means for the roller at a predetermined level based on a preset function. A signal corresponding to the rate of change of the rotational speed control device is output, and by making this signal serve as an input signal to the limiter, the pressing force of the pressing means can be controlled based on the supply amount of the material to be crushed and the rate of change thereof. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vertical crushing device that improves load response.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 2 to 4 show embodiments of the present invention.
First, in Fig. 2, 1 is a casing of the crushing device, 2 is a supply pipe for the material to be crushed, 3 is a mortar-shaped saucer, 4 is a crushing roller, 5 is its support shaft, 6 is a hot gas introduction pipe, and 7 is a rough A powder separator, 8 is a fine powder outlet pipe, 9 is a support shaft at the base of the support shaft 5 of the roller 4, 10 is a lever, 11 is a support member, 13 is a material feeder to be crushed, 1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a variable speed motor for driving the same, and the structure, function, and mutual relationship of each of these members are substantially the same as those in the conventional device shown in FIG. 1, and are designated by the same reference numerals.

A is attached to the support member 11 as shown in the figure,
This is a pressing mechanism for pressing the crushing roller 4 against the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the mortar-shaped saucer 3, and the pressing mechanism A is constructed as shown in FIG. 3. In FIG. 3, 20 is a hydraulic cylinder, 21 is a piston, and 22 is a piston rod, and these cylinder 20, piston 21, and piston rod 22 form a hydraulic system.

23 is a variable speed motor 14 for driving the material feeder to be crushed.
24 and 25 are control signals of the control device 23 and are respectively connected to the variable speed motor 14.
and an electric wire transmitting to the electronic hydraulic control device 26, 2
7 is a hydraulic pipe, 28 is a hydraulic transmitter, 29
is an electric wire connecting the hydraulic transmitter 28 and the electronic hydraulic control device 26, 30 is an electric wire connecting the electronic hydraulic control device 26 and the signal transmitter 31, and V is activated by an electric signal from the signal transmitter 31. An electromagnetic four-way valve, 32 is a pipe for supplying pressure oil from a hydraulic pump (not shown) to the hydraulic pipe 27 via the electromagnetic four-way valve V, and 33 is a tank (see figure) connected from the electromagnetic four-way valve V to the suction port of the hydraulic pump. oil return piping to (not shown),
Reference numeral 34 indicates an accumulator attached to the pressure oil pipe 27 as shown in the figure.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the main components of the electronic hydraulic control device 26 in a block diagram.
As shown in the figure, the electronic hydraulic control device 26 is composed of a function generator 35, a differentiator 36, a limiter 37, a comparator 38, etc.
5 and a differentiator 36 are connected to the motor rotation speed control device 23 via an electric wire 25, and to the hydraulic transmitter 2 via an electric wire 29 between a confluence of the outputs of the function generator 35 and the millimeter 37 and a comparator 38.
8, and the comparator 38 is also the signal transmitter 3
1 to the electromagnetic four-way valves V, forming an electronic hydraulic control circuit.

And a variable speed motor 14 for driving the material feeder to be crushed.
The control signal for the supply amount of the material to be crushed output from the rotation speed control device 23 becomes an input signal to the electronic hydraulic control device 26 via the electric wire 25, and
5 and into the differentiator 36.

Further, the function generator 35 controls the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 20 based on a preset function in response to the output signal of the motor rotation speed control device 23 corresponding to the required supply amount of the material to be crushed. A command is output to maintain it at a predetermined level. On the other hand, the differentiator 36 outputs a signal corresponding to the amount of differentiation of the output signal of the rotational speed control device 23, that is, the rate of change, and this signal becomes an input signal to the limiter 37. The limiter 37 sets an upper limit and a lower limit for the input signal and outputs the set value.

The sum of the respective output signals of the function generator 35 and the limiter 37 is compared with the signal from the hydraulic transmitter 28, and if there is a difference between them by more than a certain limit, the sum is passed through the comparator 38 and a command to increase or decrease the hydraulic pressure is sent to the signal from the hydraulic transmitter 28. The signal is sent to the signal transmitter 31, and the signal transmitter 3
1 operates the electromagnetic four-way valve V on the hydraulic piping 7, thereby appropriately controlling the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 20.

As described above, the present invention is characterized by inputting the feedback signal (speed transmitter SX) of the rotation speed of the variable speed motor 14 for driving the material feeder to the function generator 35, and transmitting the output and the hydraulic transmitter. The actual measured value of the oil pressure generated by 28 is sent to the comparator 38.
The difference is that the signal transmitter 31 issues commands for charge and discharge to the electromagnetic valve V in the hydraulic load device, thereby controlling the pressing force of the crushing roller 4.

Next, the action will be explained. First, when the operation of this device is started, the material to be crushed introduced into the casing 1 from the material supply pipe 2 is crushed between the crushing roller 4 and the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the mortar-shaped saucer 3. after,
It rises inside the casing 1 while being dried by the hot gas from the hot gas introduction pipe 6, and is separated into coarse powder and fine powder by the coarse powder separator 7. The fine powder is discharged to the outside from the fine powder outlet pipe 8, and the coarse powder is The powder falls onto the mortar-shaped tray 3 and is re-pulverized together with the new material to be ground from the material supply pipe 2, as in the conventional apparatus.

When the supply amount of the material to be crushed is constant, the output signal of the material feeder drive motor control device 23 is a constant value, so the output signal of the differentiator 36 is 0, and therefore the output signal in the hydraulic cylinder 20 is A command signal is issued by a function generator 35 to maintain the oil pressure based on a preset function.

This command signal is compared with the signal from the hydraulic transmitter 28, and if there is a difference between them that exceeds a certain limit, a command to increase or decrease the hydraulic pressure is sent to the signal transmitter 31 via the comparator 38.
An electromagnetic four-way valve V installed in the hydraulic piping 7 according to the command of 1.
is operated to control the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 20. Therefore, the piston rod 2 of the hydraulic cylinder 20
The pressing force of the crushing roller 4 against the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the mortar-shaped tray 3 by the crushing roller 2 is controlled to a value corresponding to the supply amount of the material to be crushed.

On the other hand, when the supply amount of the material to be crushed changes rapidly, an output signal corresponding to the rate of change in the supply amount is generated from the differentiator 36, and after being added to the output signal of the function generator 35, the output signal is sent to the hydraulic transmitter. It is compared with the signal from 28 and the following control is performed.

As a result, when the supply amount of the material to be crushed increases, the oil pressure is controlled to be higher than the preset pressure, and when the same supply amount decreases, the oil pressure is controlled to be lower than the preset pressure.

The apparatus of the present invention is configured as explained in detail above, and when the amount of the material to be crushed is constant, the pressing force of the crushing roller against the tray by the hydraulic cylinder is proportional to the amount of the material to be crushed. When the feed rate of the material to be crushed changes rapidly, the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is higher than the preset pressure, and when the feed rate further decreases, the oil pressure is higher than the preset pressure. Controlled below pressure. As described above, when the load on the crushing device increases, the pressure of the crushing roller against the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the mortar-shaped tray is controlled to be high, so the crushing capacity improves and the amount of product at the outlet of the crushing device increases immediately. Therefore, it is possible to respond to requests for load increases in an extremely short time.

Furthermore, when the load on the crusher is reduced, the pressing force is controlled to be low, so the crushing capacity is reduced and the amount of product at the outlet of the crusher is immediately reduced, so that a request for load reduction can be responded to in an extremely short time. Incidentally, in the present invention, the same effect can be expected even if the signal of the supply amount of the material to be crushed is used instead of the output signal of the control device 23.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an example of a conventional vertical crushing device, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a vertical crushing device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the hydraulic system shown in FIG. The system diagram, FIG. 4, is an electrical circuit diagram in FIG. 3. Explanation of the main parts of the diagram, 2...Pipe for supplying the material to be crushed,
3... Mortar-shaped saucer, 4... Grinding roller, A...
Pressing mechanism (pressing means), 20... Hydraulic cylinder (hydraulic device), 21... Piston, 22... Piston rod, 23... Crushed material feeder drive motor control device, 28... Hydraulic transmitter, 35...
Function generator, 36...differentiator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A mortar-shaped tray rotating around a vertical drive shaft, a plurality of crushing rollers that cooperate with this to crush the material to be crushed, a hydraulic cylinder that presses the rollers, and a container to be crushed on the tray. In a vertical crushing device having an object supply pipe for supplying objects by a feeder, and a pressing means for pressing the roller against a receiving tray,
The rotation of the material feeder to be crushed is controlled by a variable speed motor for driving the material to be crushed, the variable speed motor is controlled by a rotation speed control device, and the rotation speed control device is an electronic hydraulic control device. The electronic hydraulic control device is composed of a function generator, a differentiator, a limiter, and a comparator, and the function generator and the differentiator are electrically connected to the rotation speed control device. and a hydraulic transmitter is disposed between the confluence of the outputs of the function generator and the limiter and the comparator, and the comparator is electrically connected to the solenoid valve via the signal transmitter, and the A control signal for the feed rate of the material to be crushed outputted by the numerical control device becomes an input signal to the electronic hydraulic control device and enters the function generator and the differentiator, and the function generator controls the pressing means for the roller. The differentiator outputs a command to maintain the oil pressure in a hydraulic cylinder constituting a predetermined level at a predetermined level based on a preset function, and the differentiator outputs a signal corresponding to the rate of change of the rotation speed control device. A vertical crushing apparatus characterized in that the pressing force of the pressing means is controlled based on the supply amount of the material to be crushed and the rate of change thereof by making this signal serve as an input signal to a limiter.