JPH0440729B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a non-directional clutch device that can be widely applied to various machines and instruments in which a load is rotated in both forward and reverse directions by manual operation. It is related to.

[Prior Art] As is well known, a handle is attached to the rotating end of a manual rotating body, and the manual rotating body is rotated while the handle is grasped or pinched, thereby applying a required load. There are many machines and devices that can apply rotational force to.

By the way, if the load can rotate by itself or by an external force other than the manual operating force, a clutch device may be interposed in the transmission system from the manual rotating body to the load. If not, this manual rotating body may rotate unexpectedly, which is not only unsightly but also dangerous.

However, as such a clutch device,
A one-way clutch using a so-called ratchet is generally used.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, such a one-way clutch
It is effective only for rotation in one direction, and cannot function satisfactorily when the load rotates in both forward and reverse directions.

In other words, in a clutch device used in such a location, the rotational force from the side of the manual rotating body with the handle is reliably transmitted to the load in either direction, but the torque from the side of the manual rotating body with the handle is reliably transmitted to the load. It is desirable to have a function that prevents the reverse driving force from being transmitted.

Recently, various clutch devices with such functions have been developed, but the conventional ones require a special clutch switching operation, have a complicated structure, and are difficult to obtain reliable operation. There are problems with operability and reliability.

The present invention aims to solve these problems.

[Means for solving the problems] In order to achieve such objects, the present invention has the following features:
The following configuration is adopted.

That is, the non-directional clutch device according to the present invention includes a drive shaft connected to a load, a manual rotating body mounted on the drive shaft so as to freely rotate, and a rotating end of the manual rotating body so as to freely rotate. and a differential transmission mechanism provided between the manual rotating body and the drive shaft, such that the rotation of the handle when the manual rotating body is stopped is transmitted to the drive shaft. It is characterized in that the transmission direction of the differential transmission mechanism is set so that transmission can be performed in the opposite direction.

[Function] With such a configuration, the handle can freely rotate with respect to the manual rotating body when manual operation is not performed. Therefore, even if a reverse driving force acts on the drive shaft from the load side, the manual rotating body will not rotate with substantial driving force. That is, the rotation of the drive shaft is differentially distributed between the manual rotating body and the handle via the differential transmission mechanism. Therefore, as long as the resistance to rotation of the manual rotating body is made larger than the resistance to rotation of the handle,
Even if the drive shaft rotates, the manual rotating body does not rotate,
Only the handle will idle in place.

On the other hand, when the manual rotating body is rotated by grasping or pinching the handle, the drive shaft begins to rotate accordingly. That is, if we consider the case where the manual rotating body is rotated once in the clockwise direction by holding the handle, the situation is as follows. First, the movement is set on the manual rotating body by setting the ratio of the rotation speed of the handle to the rotational speed of the drive shaft when the manual rotating body is stopped to be n:1 (n is a positive value). When observed based on the coordinates, the handle moves counterclockwise by 1
It rotates on its own axis, and the drive shaft rotates 1/n in the clockwise direction.
It will rotate. Converting this to the coordinates set in space as a reference, the handle does not rotate, the manual rotating body rotates once clockwise, and the drive shaft rotates 1+1/n clockwise. become. A similar effect can be obtained even when manual operation is performed in the opposite direction. Therefore, when the manual rotating body is rotated by gripping the handle, the drive shaft rotates correspondingly, and the load is driven.

Here, since the handle is connected to the differential transmission mechanism, a handle holding torque acts on the handle as a reaction force from the drive shaft. Figure 3 shows the number of rotations of the drive shaft and the ratio n when the manual rotating body is rotated once by gripping or pinching the handle as described above.
A solid line A indicates the relationship between the handle and the ratio n, and a broken line B indicates the relationship between the handle holding torque required for such an operation and the ratio n. Further, the value T ₁ corresponds to the torque required to directly grip and rotate the drive shaft.

As is clear from this figure, when the ratio n approaches O, both the solid line A and the broken line B rapidly rise and aim for infinity, and as the ratio n increases, they approach 1 and the value T ₁ , respectively. That is, it can be seen that the relationship between the rotational speed of the drive shaft and the handle holding torque tends to be less influenced by the value of n and settles down to a substantially constant ratio (1:T ₁ in this case). Therefore, such properties are extremely useful in device design. In other words, the relationship between the rotational speed of the drive shaft and the handle holding torque is one of the major factors that determines the operability when manually operating the device, but this relationship is variable and does not depend on the specific value of n. Only in this case, the handle holding torque becomes an appropriate amount relative to the rotational torque of the manual rotating body, and good operability is obtained; however, with other values of n, the handle may slip in the hand or vice versa. If the problem of binding occurs, the structure and dimensions of the actuation transmission mechanism that determine the value of n will be limited thereby. This significantly reduces the degree of freedom in design.

However, in this case, the number of rotations of the drive shaft and the handle holding torque are maintained in a constant relationship over a wide range of n, so the above-mentioned restrictions are not imposed. Therefore, there is an advantage that the device can be designed and applied freely without being restricted by the value of n.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

This bidirectional clutch device includes a drive shaft 2 connected to a load 1, a manual rotating body 3 that is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 2, and a rotary end 3a of the manual rotary body 3 that is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 2. It comprises a handle 4 mounted thereon, and a differential transmission mechanism 5 provided between the handle 4, the manual rotating body 3, and the drive shaft 2.

The drive shaft 2 is vertically supported within the housing 11 via a bearing 21, and has an upper end portion 2a extending through the housing 11 and protruding to the outside. The manual rotating body 3 is attached to the protruding end 2a of the drive shaft 2 so as to freely rotate.

The manual rotating body 3 is a hollow body in which a boss portion 3b is mounted on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 2 so as to freely rotate, and a rotating end 3a is eccentric with respect to the axis of the boss portion 3b.
The handle 4 is provided at the handle 4. Note that an opening 3c is formed in the upper wall of the manual rotating body 3 so that its axis coincides with the boss 3b. A cover (not shown) is attached to the end surface of the opening 3c. Further, an elastic piece 6 is attached to the upper surface of the housing 11 so as to come into elastic contact with the rotating end 3a of the manual rotating body 3. That is, this elastic piece 6
is intended to provide a slight resistance to the rotation of the manual rotary body 3, and the rotary end 3a of the manual rotary body 3 comes into contact with this elastic piece 6 every time the manual rotary body 3 rotates once. There is.

The handle 4 has a circular cross section, and its base end shaft portion 4a is supported on the upper wall portion of the rotating end 3a of the manual rotating body 3 so as to be freely rotatable.

The differential transmission mechanism 5 includes a ring gear 51 integrally formed on the inner periphery of the opening 3c of the manual rotating body 3;
A sun gear 52 located at the axial center of the ring gear 51 and fixed to the drive shaft 2; a plurality of planetary gears 53 meshed with the sun gear 52 and the ring gear 51, respectively;
A retainer 5 is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the retainer 5 and supports each of the planetary gears 53 rotatably on its own axis.
4, a timing pulley 55 integrally provided on the boss portion 54a of the retainer 54, a gear 56 fixed to the base end shaft portion 4a of the handle 4, and a timing pulley 56 supported on the bottom wall 3d of the manual rotating body 3 so as to freely rotate. The gear 5
A gear 58 that meshes with the gear 58, a timing pulley 59 that is integrally provided with the axis aligned with the gear 58 and has an effective diameter smaller than that of the gear 58, and a timing pulley 59 and the timing pulley 55. A timing belt 57 is provided in between. Therefore, the transmission ratio and transmission direction of the differential transmission mechanism 5 are such that when the manual rotating body 3 is stopped, the rotation of the handle 4 is opposite to that of the drive shaft 2 at a ratio of 1:2. It is set so that it can be transmitted to.

With such a configuration, the handle 4 can freely rotate with respect to the manual rotating body 3 when manual operation is not performed. Therefore, even if the load 1 is driven by, for example, the electric motor 12 and a reverse driving force is applied from the load 1 side to the drive shaft 2, the manual operating body 3 will not rotate with substantial driving force. . That is, the rotation of the drive shaft 2 is differentially distributed between the manual operating body 3 and the handle 4 via the differential transmission mechanism 5, but the manual operating body 3 contacts the elastic piece 6 and exerts some rotational resistance. In contrast, the handle 4 is in an unloaded state if the frictional resistance of each part is ignored. Therefore, when the drive shaft 2 rotates, the handle 4 idles, and the manual operating body 3 is moved by the elastic piece 6.
It will be held in a specific position where it comes in contact with.

On the other hand, when gripping the handle 4 and operating the manual rotating body 3 one turn clockwise, when observed based on the coordinates set in space, the handle 4
does not rotate, the manual rotating body 3 rotates once clockwise, and the drive shaft 2 rotates 1+2=3 clockwise. Similarly, when the manual rotating body 3 is operated one rotation counterclockwise by gripping the handle 4, the drive shaft 2 rotates three rotations counterclockwise. Therefore, hold the handle 4 and operate the manual operation body 3.
By rotating in the desired direction, load 1
will be driven in the forward or reverse direction.

In this case, when the transmission ratio n is changed arbitrarily to increase or decrease the rotation speed of the drive shaft 2 relative to the input amount from the manual rotating body 3, the handle holding torque also increases or decreases in response to the change in the rotation speed. It turns out.
That is, it is possible to set the handle holding torque to a practical value from a large range to a relatively small range where the value of n expressed by the number of rotations of the handle/the number of rotations of the drive shaft is large. Therefore, it becomes possible to expand the range of values of n that can be put to practical use,
The degree of freedom in design can be increased.

Note that the shapes of the manual rotating body and the handle, as well as the structure of the differential transmission mechanism are not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, when rotating the manual operating body by holding the handle, the rotational operating force in any direction is reliably transmitted to the load via the drive shaft. However, if the rotation operation is stopped by releasing the handle, even if a reverse driving force is applied to the drive shaft from the load side, the manual rotating body will not be driven by that force. In addition, since there is no part where the power is interrupted or interrupted by the engagement or disengagement of claws or wedge members, the above action can be carried out smoothly.Therefore, problems such as the manual rotating body rotating unexpectedly can be avoided. The effect is that the problem can be effectively resolved. Moreover, this device does not require any special clutch switching operation, and even if the structure, dimensions, etc. of the differential transmission mechanism are selected at will, manual operation can be performed without any discomfort at all.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 1. Further, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the present invention. 1...Load, 2...Drive shaft, 3...Manual rotating body, 4...Handle, 5...Differential transmission mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A drive shaft connected to a load, a manual rotating body mounted on the drive shaft so that it can freely rotate, a handle attached to the rotating end of the manual rotating body so that it can freely rotate, this handle, the manual rotating body, and a differential transmission mechanism provided between the drive shafts, the differential transmission mechanism being configured such that rotation of the handle when the manual rotating body is stopped can be transmitted to the drive shaft in the opposite direction. A non-directional clutch device characterized by setting the transmission direction of a dynamic transmission mechanism.