JPH0442355B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention utilizes a mixed culture of microorganisms and, if necessary, maintains the mixture in glauconite or other crushed materials to promote the ripening of compost, improve soil, The present invention provides a method for producing materials that enhance the effectiveness of fertilizers, render residual agricultural chemicals harmless, and suppress pathogenic microorganisms.

In recent years, due in part to the heavy use of chemical fertilizers, adverse effects such as deterioration of the soil environment and frequent occurrence of diseases have become serious problems. It has the effect of promoting the use of compost, improving soil, and suppressing disease-causing microorganisms.

The method for producing materials of the present invention is to inoculate root-knot bacteria, azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, and sulfur bacteria into a sterilized medium containing sucrose or maltose in an aqueous solution of plant ash, culture them at around 25°C for an appropriate period of time, and separately prepare nitrifying bacteria, fibrinolytic bacteria, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, yeast,
A culture of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas is made, and this culture is mixed with the above-mentioned root-knot bacteria, Azotobacter or photosynthetic bacteria, and sulfur bacteria culture to make a product. If necessary, this mixture is mixed with glauconite, Oya stone. The mixture is mixed with sucrose or mannite added to one or more crushed materials selected from vermiculite, shellfish fossils, peat moss, dried livestock dung, gypsum, malt, rice sugar, bone meal, smoky charcoal, and plant ash, and mixed at an appropriate temperature. It is characterized by being held for an appropriate period of time.

Examples of microorganisms used in the present invention are as follows.

Root-knot fungi; Rhizobium Japonicum, Rhizobium
meliloti, Rhizobium trifolii,
Rhizobium leguminosarum,
Rhizobium phaseobi, Rhizobium
lupini. Azotobacter; Azotobacter indicum,
Azotobacter vinlandi, Azotobacter
chroococcum Photosynthetic bacteria; Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus,
Clostridium Butyricum,
Clostridium pasteurianum,
Clostridium aceticum. Sulfur bacteria; Thiobacillus thioparus,
Thiobacillus thiooxidans,
Thiobacillus denitrificans. Nitrifying bacteria; Nitrosomonas europaea,
Nitrosomonas oligocarbogenes,
Nitrobaoter winogradskyi,
Nitrobacter agilis. Fibrinolytic bacteria; Cellulomonas Flavigena. Actinobacteria; Streptomyces griseus. Filamentous fungi; Aspergillus Oryzae, Penicillium
patulum, Mucor mucedo, Yeast; Sacharomyces ellipsoideus. Bacillus subtilis; Pseudomonas
viscosissima, Pseudomonas
alboflava, Pseudomonas
fluorescens var, Pseudomonas
ruhlandii. Others; Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus
circulans, Bacillus cereus,
Bacillus posteurii, Bacillus
freudenreichii, Bacillus
megaterium, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Trichoderma album,
Rhizopus acidus Next, an example of implementing the present invention will be described.

Example 1 5.6 g of wood ash is boiled and filtered for 5 minutes in 1 liter of distilled water. Pour this liquid into a sterilized container, add 15g of maltose or sucrose, and boil again for 5 to 10 minutes until dissolved. After lowering the temperature of the liquid to lukewarm temperature, the prepared root-knot bacteria (Rhizobium) is inoculated while washing with cooled distilled water, and Azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, and sulfur bacteria are inoculated.

Cover the inoculum to prevent contamination and keep it at a temperature of around 25°C for 2 to 5 days.

Conventionally, when culturing root knot bacteria alone, sufficient growth was not achieved and good results could not be obtained.

However, it was discovered that by inoculating root-knot bacteria in combination with Azotobacter, photosynthetic bacteria, and sulfur bacteria as in this method, they can proliferate sufficiently, have a strong nitrogen-fixing effect, and can be stored for long periods of time. did.

The growth rate is also increased by adding about 5.6 g of ammonia phosphate.

Proliferate in 2 to 5 days and obtain a cloudy culture solution. This culture maintains its strong effect even when diluted to about 40 ml.

Apart from this, Nitrobacter bacteria
Cellulomonas Flavigena, Streptomyces
griseus, Aspergillus oryzae,
Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Sacharomyces
ellipsoideus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas
A culture was obtained by co-cultivating with S. viscosissima, and a product was obtained by mixing with the above culture.

By culturing Nitrobacter bacteria in combination with the above-mentioned microorganisms, much better growth results can be obtained than when culturing them alone. Furthermore, it is even more effective to culture in combination with microorganisms that produce organic acids such as lactic acid and butyric acid.

Example 2 Glauconite and shellfish fossils obtained by finely crushing the culture obtained in Example 1 35% Finely decomposed and neutralized peat moss with a moisture content of 25% Dried animal manure 35% Finely crushed gypsum 10% Malt (or Rice bran) 5%, bone meal 5%, charcoal (or plant ash) 5%, sucrose and mannite 1% each were mixed and kept at a temperature of 25°C and humidity of 15% for about 30 days to obtain a product.

The glauconite and other materials used in Example 2 must be finely pulverized, and the peat moss and livestock manure must be steam sterilized at 100°C or higher or dried by fire in order to kill weed seeds and harmful bacteria. It is desirable to strain or ferment at a high temperature of 70℃ or higher for one week or more.

By the method of Example 2, the product of the present invention can maintain its activity for a long period of time and can obtain a shape suitable for transportation and sale.

When compost is produced by inoculating the product of the present invention, 1
By mixing 10g of this product into a ton of compost, the rottenness of the compost will be promoted, reducing the amount by one-third to five times compared to conventional methods.
Ripening takes place in a short period of time, about 1/2 the time. The action of Cellulomonas bacteria, Pseudomonas bacteria, etc. in this product promotes the decomposition of cellulose, and also causes the growth of thermophilic bacteria and Bacillus subtilis.

Therefore, the product of the present invention has an outstanding effect on the fermentation treatment of livestock manure, food sludge, city garbage, industrial waste, etc.

The product of the present invention can be used by inoculating compost materials and fertilizers, as well as by spraying or irrigating the soil.
Reinforce root-knot bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, and other effective microorganisms in the soil, which have decreased significantly due to heavy use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, increase humus and create a soil aggregate structure, improving soil water retention, air permeability, and water permeability. against drought,
Strengthens cold resistance and improves fertilizing effect.

In addition, the product of the present invention can be used to treat Pseudomonas
ruhlandii, etc., promote the decomposition of harmful substances such as residual pesticides, making them non-toxic, and can revitalize acidic and hardened soil.

Furthermore, the product of the present invention can be used by spraying on the seeds of plants, or on the branches, stems, and leaves of plants.

Use of the product of the present invention is effective in suppressing the proliferation of harmful microorganisms in plants, and in suppressing white silk disease, sclerotium disease, clubroot disease, crest disease, flannel disease, and mosaic disease.

In particular, mosaic disease appears nationwide and is an important disease of tomatoes, but also occurs on tobacco, cucumbers, potatoes, melons, green peppers, eggplants, etc. However, since it is a disease caused by a virus,
It is extremely difficult to control it, and there were no appropriate countermeasures. The product of the present invention has made this solution possible for the first time.

The modes of transmission of tomato mosaic disease include contact transmission during cultivation management such as transplanting and budding, seed transmission through seeds collected from diseased plants, and soil transmission through residual strains of diseased plants in the soil. It is most commonly transmitted and can be considered a type of soil disease.

However, according to the results of a tomato fertilizer efficacy test at the Tokyo Metropolitan Agricultural Experiment Station, 6 out of 74 plants infected with mosaic disease appeared in the control plot (chemical products), but 1 out of 74 in the inventive product plot, which was conducted at the same time. Only the plants were found to be affected. In this test, seed transmission and contact transmission were not considered, and mosaic disease virus was detected.
Bacillus bacteria in this product are parasitic to other microorganisms such as olpidium bacteria and nematodes.
It is thought that the virus parasitic fungi were suppressed by Trichoderma, Streptomyces, Rhizopus, and other microorganisms, resulting in no illness.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Inoculate root-knot bacteria and Azotobacter or photosynthetic bacteria and sulfur bacteria into a sterilized medium by adding sucrose or maltose to an aqueous plant ash solution and culture at around 25°C for an appropriate period of time. Create a culture of filamentous fungi, yeast, thermophilic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas bacteria, and mix this culture with the above-mentioned root-knot bacteria, Azotobacter or photosynthetic bacteria, and sulfur bacteria cultures to make a product, and as necessary, This mixture is mixed with sucrose or mannitrate into one or more crushed materials selected from glauconite, Oya stone, vermiculite, fossil shells, peat moss, dried livestock dung, gypsum, malt, rice sugar, bone meal, smoky charcoal, and plant ash. It is characterized by mixing it with the added ingredients and keeping it at an appropriate temperature for an appropriate period of time. A method for producing materials that accelerate the ripening of compost, improve soil, increase the effectiveness of fertilizers, detoxify residual agricultural chemicals, and suppress disease-causing microorganisms.