JPH0442588Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to an improvement of a vibration isolator having damping performance in the vertical and horizontal directions.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vibration isolating device having a structure shown in FIG. 3, for example, is known as a vibration isolating device in which damping performance is added to an elastic support such as an air spring.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates the equipment to be vibration-isolated, 2 indicates the foundation, and 3 indicates the vibration isolator, and the vibration isolator 3 has a structure in which a damping mechanism 5 is provided inside a bellows-shaped air spring 4. .

The damping mechanism 5 includes a cylinder portion 6 whose upper end is open on the bottom plate 4a of the air spring 4, and a rod 7 fixed to the top plate 4b of the air spring 4 between the inner peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the cylinder portion 6 as appropriate. Insert it keeping the gap between
A cylinder part 6 houses a viscous fluid 8 such as silicone oil, and when the air spring 4 is displaced due to vibration of the equipment 1 to be vibration-isolated, the resistance of the viscous fluid 8 in both the vertical and horizontal directions. It is now possible to obtain damping performance based on force.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

In the damping mechanism using the resistance force of viscous fluid as described above, the damping force in the vertical direction is inversely proportional to the cube of the gap between the rod and the cylinder part, so
The smaller the gap, the greater the damping force that can be obtained, but if the gap is made smaller, the rod will come into contact with the cylinder part with a small amount of displacement, which will limit the amount of horizontal displacement of the air spring. In order to secure the necessary damping force in the vertical direction without being restricted, the length of insertion of the rod into the cylinder (the length of immersion in the viscous fluid) must be increased, making the entire device very long. Become a thing,
There is a problem that it cannot be used in places where installation space is limited.

This invention solves the above problems and can secure the desired damping force in the vertical direction without being constrained by the amount of horizontal displacement, and also in the horizontal direction, without being constrained by the amount of vertical or horizontal displacement. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vibration isolator equipped with a damping mechanism that can secure a desired damping force without being affected by vibration.

[Means for solving problems]

The vibration isolating device of this invention has a structure in which a damping mechanism is provided inside an elastic support body having a space such as an air spring, a hollow vibration isolating rubber, or a metal coil spring.

The damping mechanism includes a container having an open top end and a vertically opposing horizontal surface formed on the inner surface, and a movable member having a horizontally formed top and bottom surface and a hollow portion vertically opened at least at the top end. and a rod, the container is fixed to one of the upper and lower pressure receiving plates inside the elastic support, and the movable member is inserted between the opposing inner surfaces of the container for a certain period of time via guide members. The rod is installed in the hollow part of the movable member so that it can move freely in the horizontal direction while maintaining The container is inserted through a guide member so as to be movable in the vertical direction while maintaining a constant distance, and the viscous fluid is contained in the container and the hollow portion of the moving member.

[Effect]

In the vibration isolator of this invention, when vertical displacement occurs in the elastic support due to vertical vibration of the equipment or equipment installation surface, the rod of the damping mechanism and the movable member move vertically relative to each other. A damping force due to interlayer viscous resistance of the viscous fluid in the gap between the member and the hollow portion acts in the vertical direction.

When a horizontal displacement occurs in the elastic support due to horizontal vibrations of the equipment or equipment installation surface, the moving member of the damping mechanism moves horizontally relative to the container via the rod, or the container moves relative to the moving member. The damping force acts in the horizontal direction due to the interlayer viscous resistance of the viscous fluid in the gap between the upper and lower surfaces of the moving member and the inner surface of the container.

〔Example〕

Examples of this invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of this invention.

The elastic support 10 is an air spring having the same structure as that explained in FIG. (Lower pressure receiving plate) 14 is attached to form an air chamber 16 inside.

A damping mechanism 20 is combined in series inside this elastic support 10. The damping mechanism 20 includes a container 22 fixed to the bottom plate 14 of the elastic support 10;
A moving member 30 built into the container 22 and a rod 40 fixed to the top plate 12 of the elastic support 10
and a viscous fluid 50 that is housed in the container 22 and immerses the moving member 30 and the rod 40.

The container 22 has an open top 23 and a bottom 2
Horizontal surfaces facing each other in the vertical direction are formed on the inner surfaces of the bottom wall of No. 4 and its opposing wall.

The movable member 30 has a hollow cylindrical part 32 protruding vertically in the center of a flat base part 31 having horizontal upper and lower surfaces, and the base part 31 is connected to an inner surface facing the container bottom part 24. A certain gap 37, 38 is provided between the guide members 35, 36, respectively.
It is designed so that it can be moved in the horizontal direction while being guided by guide members 35 and 36.

The rod 40 is a cylindrical body with a flat upper end 41 fixed to the upper surface plate 12 of the elastic support 10, and a guide member 43 between the rod 40 and the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 32 of the moving member 30. It is inserted through the guide member 43 while maintaining a constant gap 44, and is guided by a guide member 43 so that it can be moved in the vertical direction.

As the above-mentioned guide members 35, 36, 43, it is preferable to use members suitable for rolling, such as steel balls. Various means can be used, such as forming a guide surface on either side that can maintain a gap with the rod 40.

Silicone oil is suitable as the viscous fluid 50 to be accommodated inside the container 22 and the cylindrical portion 32 of the moving member 30, but other viscous fluids such as silicone putty or a mixture of fluid and powder may also be used. It is also possible to use fluids with

Note that the cylindrical portion 32 of the moving member 30 and the container top portion 3
2, the horizontal spacing between the base 3 of the moving member 30
1 and the container bottom 24, the shape and dimensions of each part are set so that it is larger than the permissible amount of horizontal movement of the moving member 30 or the container 22. Regarding the vertical distance to the inner bottom surface of rod 4,
The length of the rod 40 is set to be greater than 0 or the permissible vertical movement amount of the cylindrical portion 32 of the moving member 30.

In the vibration isolator having the above configuration, the vibration isolation target device 70 supported by the elastic support 10 between the device installation surface 60 such as the foundation vibrates in the vertical direction,
When the top plate 12 of the elastic support 10 is displaced in the vertical direction, the rod 40 of the damping mechanism 20 fixed to the top plate 12 moves against the cylindrical portion 3 of the movable member 30.
Move in the vertical direction relative to 2. As a result, a resistance force of the viscous fluid 50 proportional to the moving speed of the rod 40 is generated in the gap 44 between the rod 40 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 32, and this resistance force causes the vertical movement of the rod 40 ( act as a damping force against vertical displacement).

The strength of the damping force against vertical displacement of the rod 40 is as follows, when the diameter of the rod 40 and the length of insertion into the cylindrical portion 32 (length of immersion in the viscous fluid) are constant:
The viscosity of the viscous fluid 50 used and the size of the gap 44 between the rod 40 and the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 32 can be arbitrarily changed.

Furthermore, when the device to be shaken 70 vibrates in the horizontal direction and the top plate 12 of the elastic support 10 is displaced in the horizontal direction, the moving member 30 is moved in the horizontal direction relative to the container 22 via the rod 40. Move to. As a result, the base 31 of the moving member 30 and the container bottom 24
A resistance force of the viscous fluid 50 proportional to the moving speed of the moving member 30 is generated in the gaps 37 and 38 between the opposing inner surfaces of the rod 40 and the moving member 30. Acts as a force.

The strength of the damping force against horizontal displacement of the rod 40 is constant depending on the thickness and diameter (length) of the base 31 of the moving member 30 and the length of insertion into the container bottom 24 (length of immersion in the viscous fluid). In this case, the viscosity of the viscous fluid 50 used and the size of the gaps 37 and 38 between the base 31 of the movable member 30 and the opposing inner surface of the container bottom 24 can be changed arbitrarily by appropriately selecting .

In addition, if rotational vibration with the horizontal direction as the rotational axis occurs in the equipment 70 to be vibration-isolated, a rotatable joint such as a universal joint or an elastic joint may be used at the connection between the rod 40 and its upper end 41. It can be connected via a fitting.

Note that the above-mentioned vibration isolator can also be used as a vibration isolator for precision measuring instruments and the like, and in this case as well, damping performance can be obtained by the same effect as in the case of the vibration isolator described above.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing another embodiment of this invention.

In this embodiment, the upper end portion (large diameter portion) 41 of the rod 40 of the damping mechanism 20 is housed in a mounting member 45 fixed to the upper surface plate 12 of the elastic support 10, and the lower end surface of the rod 40 is housed in a moving member. It is supported by a coil spring 47 interposed between the inner bottom surface of the cylindrical portion 32 provided on the base 31 of the cylindrical portion 30 . The coil spring 47 may be fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 32.

Note that the method of supporting the rod 40 with respect to the moving member 30 is not limited to the above-mentioned method, and instead of the coil spring 47, an elastic body such as rubber may be used.

Appropriate gaps 4 are provided between the rod 40 and the inner peripheral surface of the bottom wall of the mounting member 45, and between the upper end surface 41 of the rod 40 and the inner peripheral surface of the side wall of the mounting member 45.
8a, 48b are provided, and the amount of relative horizontal movement between the moving member 30 and the container 22 is determined by the gaps 48a, 48b.
Within the range of 48b, no horizontal damping force is applied.

In addition, the upper end 41 of the rod 40 and the elastic support 1
Appropriate gaps 49a and 49a are provided between the inner surface of the top plate 12 and the inner surface of the bottom wall of the mounting member 45, respectively.
49b is provided, and the rod 40 and the moving member 30
The damping force in the vertical direction does not act within the range of the gaps 49a and 49b relative to the cylindrical portion 32.

Since the configuration other than the above is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the main parts will be denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed explanation will be omitted.

According to this embodiment, even if the elastic support body 10 is displaced in the horizontal direction, the movable member 3 of the damping mechanism 20
A horizontal damping force is applied only when the amount of relative movement between the rod 40 and the container 22 exceeds the gaps 48a and 48b provided between the rod 40 and the mounting member 45.
Furthermore, even if the elastic support 10 is displaced in the vertical direction, the amount of relative movement between the rod 40 of the damping mechanism 20 and the cylindrical portion 32 of the moving member 30 will be reduced by the gap provided between the rod 40 and the mounting member 45. 39a, 39b is exceeded, the damping force acts for the first time, and the vibration isolation and vibration isolation performance of the elastic support body 10 in the dead zone at the time of minute displacement is improved, and the damping mechanism 20 is activated only at the time of large displacement. can be activated.

The equipment to be vibration-isolated by the vibration-isolating device of this invention is as follows:
Although it covers a wide range of fields such as reactor buildings, transformers, vibrators, and electronic equipment, the target equipment installation aspects are:
In general, there are various cases such as foundations on the ground, floors in buildings, steel structures, etc.

In each of the above embodiments, the case where the damping mechanism is combined with the air spring in parallel has been described.
The elastic support to be combined with the damping mechanism is not limited to an air spring, but may also be one having a space, such as a hollow vibration-proofing rubber or a metal coil spring.

In each of the above embodiments, the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of the moving member is a cylindrical surface, and the rod inserted into the cylindrical portion is a cylindrical body. The cross-sectional shapes of the inner surface of the shaped portion and the outer surface of the rod are not limited to those in the embodiments described above, and may be formed into polygons or other arbitrary shapes.

In addition, although the container of each of the above-mentioned examples has a shape in which a top with a smaller diameter than this protrudes from the bottom, it is also possible to omit the top and use a cylindrical or polygonal box having an opening in the upper wall. It may be formed into a shape, and horizontal surfaces may be formed on the inner surfaces of the top wall and the bottom wall, respectively.

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the movable member has a shape in which a cylindrical portion with a smaller diameter than this protrudes from the base, but the base is omitted and a hollow portion with at least an upper end is opened in the vertical direction. It may be formed into a cylindrical body, and horizontal surfaces may be formed on the upper and lower surfaces of this cylindrical body, and the height and outer diameter thereof can be set to arbitrary dimensions.

These containers and moving members can be used in any combination of various shapes.

Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, a case has been described in which the container in which the moving member is incorporated is fixed to the lower pressure receiving plate inside the elastic support, and the rod is attached to the upper pressure receiving plate of the elastic support. On the contrary, the container may be fixed to the upper pressure receiving plate inside the elastic support and the rod may be attached to the lower pressure receiving plate of the elastic support. Even with this structure, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained. is obtained.

[Effect of idea]

As explained above, the vibration isolator of this invention is
An elastic support body having a space such as an air spring, and a container fixed to a lower pressure receiving plate or an upper pressure receiving plate inside the elastic support body, and a moving member provided with a hollow part in the vertical direction is moved through a guide member. The rod attached to the upper pressure receiving plate or the lower pressure receiving plate of the elastic support is inserted into the hollow part of the movable member via the guide member so that it can be moved freely in the horizontal direction while maintaining a certain vertical gap. It is inserted so that it can move freely in the vertical direction while maintaining the elastic support, and is composed of a container and a damping mechanism that stores viscous fluid in the hollow part of the moving member. A damping force is applied due to the resistance of the viscous fluid in the gap that is kept constant by the guide member between the movable member and the container, and when the elastic support is horizontally displaced, the damping force is kept constant by the guide member between the moving member and the container. A damping force due to the resistance of the viscous fluid in the maintained gap acts, and a necessary and sufficient damping effect can be obtained in three dimensions in the vertical and horizontal directions.

In addition, the damping mechanism of this invention is such that the rod moves relatively vertically within the hollow part of the movable member that moves horizontally relative to the container, so the amount of horizontal movement of the movable member is The damping force in the vertical direction can be set to a desired strength by appropriately selecting the size of the gap between the rod and the hollow part of the moving member and the viscosity of the viscous fluid, regardless of the movement of the moving member. In order to balance the conflicting conditions of the amount of horizontal movement and the damping force in the vertical direction, there is no need to increase the insertion length of the rod into the hollow part of the moving member, resulting in a small and compact mechanism that takes up less installation space. A highly practical vibration isolator that can be installed even in places with restrictions can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of this invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view showing another embodiment of this invention, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal side view showing a conventional vibration isolator. In the figure, 10 is an elastic support, 12 and 14 are upper and lower plates of the elastic support, respectively, 20 is a damping mechanism, 22 is a container, 30 is a moving member, 32 is a cylindrical portion of the moving member, 37, 38 are the gaps between the moving member and the opposing inner surface of the container, 40 is the rod, and 44
50 is a viscous fluid, 60 is a device installation surface, and 70 is a device to be vibration-proofed.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) Elastic supports such as air springs, hollow anti-vibration rubber, and metal coil springs, the upper pressure receiving plate of the elastic supports attached to the equipment to be vibration-isolated, and the anti-vibration target. A container having an open top end and having vertically opposing horizontal surfaces on the inner surface is fixed to the lower pressure receiving plate or the upper pressure receiving plate in the space formed between the lower pressure receiving plates of the elastic support attached to the equipment installation surface. , a movable member having horizontal upper and lower surfaces and having a hollow part opened at least at the upper end provided in the vertical direction is moved horizontally by maintaining a certain distance between it and the opposing surface inside the container through guide members. A guide member is inserted between the inner surface of the hollow part of the movable member and the rod, which is movably incorporated in the elastic support and is attached so that its movement is restrained according to the relative displacement between the upper pressure receiving plate and the lower pressure receiving plate of the elastic support. A vibration isolating device, which is inserted so as to be movable in the vertical direction while maintaining a constant distance between the vibration isolating device and the damping mechanism, which contains a viscous fluid inside a container and a hollow portion of a moving member. (2) The upper end of the rod of the damping mechanism is attached to the upper or lower pressure receiving plate of the elastic support with an appropriate gap in the horizontal and vertical directions via the mounting member fixed to the upper pressure receiving plate or the lower pressure receiving plate, and the rod is attached to the movable member. The vibration isolating device according to claim 1, which is supported by an elastic body such as a spring or rubber.