JPH0443744Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention relates to a housingless heat exchanger such as an oil cooler for an internal combustion engine or hydraulic equipment.

(Prior Art) As a heat exchanger such as an oil cooler for an internal combustion engine, a so-called donut-shaped heat exchanger is known, such as the one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 117810/1983. An example is shown in FIG. The oil cooler 30 houses a cooler core 34 inside a cylindrical housing 31 equipped with a water inlet pipe 32 and a water outlet pipe 33, and has an oil inlet 35 and an oil outlet 36a of an oil chamber 36 provided on the cooler core 34. It has been communicated. The cooler core 34 is constructed by caulking upper and lower annular plate-shaped plates having a central opening, closing the central opening with a collar 38 to form a cooler unit 39, and alternately stacking ring-shaped spacer plates 40 and the cooler unit 39. be. A hollow bolt 41 passing through a collar 38 and a spacing plate 40 is inserted into the oil cooler 30, and the oil cooler 30 is fixed to a base 43 together with an oil filter 42 placed on the oil cooler 30.
The oil filter 42 receives the oil coming out from the oil outlet 36a from the oil inlet at the bottom thereof, and returns the oil to the base 43 through an oil return passage 44 formed inside the hollow bolt 41.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The conventional heat exchanger as described above has a large diameter because it is necessary to surround the outside of the cooler core with a housing that serves as a cooling fluid flow path. Since the oil filter is stacked above, the inlet and outlet for the cooling fluid must protrude laterally from the housing. This poses a major problem in terms of layout when installing the oil cooler to the internal combustion engine body, so there is a desire to provide the cooling fluid inlet/outlet pipe at a position separated from the internal combustion engine body by at least the height of the housing. Furthermore, when the oil filter is stacked on top of the oil chamber 36 and tightened, the oil chamber is usually a crown-shaped press-formed product as shown in FIG. 5, so it is likely to be distorted and leakage may occur at the mounting portion of the oil filter. Note that making such an oil chamber a machined product is disadvantageous in terms of machining costs and increased weight.

In addition, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-28219 discloses a heat exchanger without a housing, but the plate in this one is not circular but has a pair of tongue-shaped protrusions, which are overlapped. cooling water inflow chamber,
It serves as an outflow room. As described above, since the plate has a complicated shape and has a structure that protrudes laterally from the cylindrical effective heat exchange portion, it causes problems in terms of layout during installation, similar to the above-mentioned plate.

(Means for solving the problem) The heat exchanger of this invention has two layered cavities formed by stacking circular plate-like plates on every other layer.
Two communication pipes are connected to each other to form two fluid channels that communicate with each other, and first, second, and third fluid chambers are formed on the upper surface of the upper end plate through the upper end plate. A communication hole communicating with the first, second, and third fluid chambers is provided, and one passage of the two fluid flow paths is connected to the second fluid chamber.
The fluid chamber is communicated with the fluid chamber and opened to the outside through a communication hole provided in the lower end plate, and the other fluid flow path is communicated with the first and third fluid chambers through the communication hole in the upper end plate, and the first and third fluid chambers are The fluid chamber is opened to the outside through an opening in a side wall on the outer periphery. The crown plate, which forms the first, second, and third fluid chambers and has side walls on the inner and outer peripheries, is integrally formed of a thick plate.

(Function) The housingless type heat exchanger of this invention has an oil filter stacked on the top surface of the crown plate, and is fixed to the base of the engine body etc. together with the oil filter using a hollow mounting bolt that passes through the center hole. Ru.

The fluid to be cooled, such as oil, comes out of the base, enters one of the fluid passages from the bottom, enters the second fluid chamber through the communication hole in the upper end plate, is sent out from the opening in the side wall on the inner periphery of the crown plate, and enters the oil filter. . The other fluid such as cooling water enters the first fluid chamber through the opening in the outer side wall, exchanges heat in the other fluid passage, passes through the third fluid chamber, and flows out from the opening in the outer side wall.

The above-mentioned housingless type heat exchanger does not have a housing that surrounds the heat exchange part, and the inlet/outlet of the cooling fluid is provided in the first and third fluid chambers above the heat exchange part. The diameter can be made small, and the inlet and outlet pipes for the cooling fluid can be provided above the heat exchanger body portion and separated from the base, thereby eliminating problems in the installation layout to the engine. Further, even though the upper crown plate is press-formed, the inner partition wall serves as a reinforcing material, so that no distortion occurs when the oil filter is attached and tightened.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of this invention will be explained with reference to figures. 1st
The oil cooler 1 shown in FIGS. 2 and 2 has an odd number of dish-shaped plates 2 stacked in a face down position, and an upper end plate 7 having a center hole 8 on the upper end surface and a lower end plate 9 having a center hole 10 on the lower end surface are attached. ing. As shown in FIG. 3, the plate 2 has a ring-shaped bottom plate 2a provided with a central hole 3 having a flange 3a, and a flange 2b on the periphery of the bottom plate 2a.
is provided. The bottom plate 2a has a through hole 4 with flanges 4a provided at every 90° on the same circumference concentric with the central hole 3.
and through holes 5 provided with flange seats 5a are alternately bored. The flange 4a and the flange seat 5a may rise in opposite directions or in the same direction with respect to the bottom plate 2a, but it is sufficient that they are dimensioned so that they come into contact with each other when they are stacked with their pitches shifted by 90 degrees. If necessary, small protrusions 6 are provided on the bottom plate to serve as reinforcement for supporting the space between the bottom plates or as turbulent flow generation means for improving heat exchange efficiency.

When the plates 2 are stacked with their pitches shifted by 90 degrees, the flange 4a of the through hole 4 and the flange seat 5a of the through hole 5 of the adjacent plate come into contact with each other, causing the communicating pipe 11 (Figs. 1 and 2). becomes. Communication pipe 11
An even number of layers formed by stacked plates 2 are formed in each cavity, two of each layer being alternately opposed to each other in the diametrical direction. An upper end plate 7 having a center hole 8 is provided on the bottom plate of the uppermost plate, and has a communication hole 7a communicating with the uppermost layer cavity and communication holes 7b and 7c communicating with two communication pipes penetrating the cavity. drilled. On the upper surface of the upper end plate 7,
As shown in C, a press-molded annular crown plate 12 with an open bottom is provided. Inside thereof, an oval internal partition wall 13 is provided with both ends on the long axis side inscribed in the side wall on the outer peripheral side of the crown plate. As shown in the figure, inside the internal partition wall 13 is a second fluid chamber 16 that communicates with the uppermost layer cavity through the communication hole 7a of the upper end plate 7 and communicates with the outside through the opening 12a of the inner peripheral side wall of the crown plate 12. Become.

One side of the second fluid chamber 16 communicates with one of the communication holes 7b of the upper end plate 7, and an opening 15a is formed in the outer peripheral side wall of the crown plate 12, thereby forming the first fluid chamber 15. The other side of the second fluid chamber 16 communicates with the other communication hole 7c of the upper end plate 7, and has an opening 1 in the outer peripheral side wall of the crown plate 12.
7a is bored to become the third fluid chamber 17. The lower end plate 9 is provided with a communication hole 9a that communicates with one of the two communication pipes in the lowermost empty chamber.

An oil filter 20 is placed on the crown plate 12 of the oil cooler 1, and is attached to a base 22 on the internal combustion engine main body side with hollow bolts 21 passing through each of the central holes 10, 3, and 8. The base 22 includes an oil inlet passage 22a communicating with the communication hole 9a and an oil outlet passage 22b communicating with the hollow passage 21a of the hollow bolt 21.

Oil flows from the oil inlet passage 22a to the communication hole 9.
a. It enters the empty chambers of each even-numbered layer via the communication pipe 11, enters the second fluid chamber 16 from the communication hole 7a, enters the oil filter 20 from the opening 12a of the crown plate 12, passes through the hollow bolt 21, and returns to the base 22. Also, the cooling water enters the first fluid chamber 15 through the opening 15a and the communication hole 7b.
from one side of the communicating pipe 11 to the empty chambers of each odd-numbered layer, and from the other communicating pipe 11 through the communicating hole 7c to the third
The fluid returns to the fluid chamber 17 and is sent out from the opening 17a.

As shown in FIG. 4 B and C, the lower edge of the crown plate 12 or the internal partition wall 13 is tilted at an angle a or b and brought into elastic contact with the upper end plate 7, and then the crown plate and the internal partition wall are bonded together by brazing. In both cases, close contact with the upper end plate is ensured.
In addition, the crown plate 1 of the internal partition wall 13 as shown in FIG.
The inscription on the inside of 2 is not necessarily in perfect contact, and there may be a gap that creates sufficient fluid resistance.

[Effect of idea]

The housingless type heat exchanger of this invention has a circular plate shape with only a bottom plate with a central hole and an opening that communicates with the communication tube. Therefore, when stacking these, there is no risk of leakage, and a highly reliable heat exchanger is formed.
This plate eliminates the need for a housing, and the heat exchanger has a cylindrical outer shape determined by the outer diameter of the plate, making it small and lightweight. Furthermore, the opening positions of the outer walls of the first and third fluid chambers, that is, the piping installation positions are as follows:
It is separated from the engine body by the stacking height of the plates, and any position can be selected from almost the entire circumference of the outer wall. Furthermore, since the first and third fluid chambers are provided, the opening position of the side wall can be determined without affecting the flow of fluid within the plate. Furthermore, the outer shells of the first and third fluid chambers are integrally molded, so there is no leakage between the upper plate part and the side wall, and manufacturing is simple. Also, when installing the oil filter, the internal bulkhead along with the crown plate absorbs the tightening force.
Can be firmly tightened. Therefore, it is a small and lightweight heat exchanger with no fear of insufficient strength or leakage.
Since there are no restrictions on installing the heat exchanger in an engine and piping it, it is particularly advantageous as a heat exchanger for use in automobile engines, which requires a small installation space and must be vibration resistant.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a cooling water passage in an embodiment of this invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an oil passage in the embodiment of FIG. Figure 3 A and B are a plan view of the plate and its sectional view taken along the line B-B, and Figure 4 A is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figures 1 and 2 showing the first, second, and third fluid chambers. , Figure 4B is a sectional view taken along the line C-C in Figure 4A;
Figure C is a sectional view taken along line DD in Figure 4A. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional heat exchanger. 2...Plate, 4...Through hole, 5...Through hole, 7
...Top end plate, 9...Bottom end plate, 11...Communication pipe, 1
2... Crown plate, 13... Internal partition, 15... First fluid chamber, 16... Second fluid chamber, 17... Third fluid chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) The outer periphery of a circular dish-shaped plate with a central hole in the bottom plate and the flanges around the center hole are overlapped and laminated, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the plate have a central hole. By fixing the end plates, a layered cavity is formed between each plate, and two communication pipes are provided in each cavity to penetrate the cavity and connect the adjacent cavities above and below. are two fluid passages that communicate with each other in every other layer, a communication hole is provided in the lower end plate to communicate one of the fluid passages with the outside, and an annular upper plate part, an outer peripheral side wall, and an opening are bored on the upper end plate. A crown plate integrally molded with a thick plate is provided, and an internal partition wall forming a nearly oval shape surrounds the inner side wall, and both ends of the long axis thereof are attached to the outer side wall. The inside of the crown plate is divided into a second fluid chamber in the internal partition wall and first and third fluid chambers on both sides thereof, and the first and third fluid chambers are each provided with an opening provided in the outer peripheral side wall. The upper end plate is provided with a communication hole that communicates with the outside via the fluid chamber, a communication hole that communicates the second fluid chamber with one of the fluid passages, and a communication hole that communicates the first and third fluid chambers with the other fluid passage. A housing-less heat exchanger. (2) The housingless heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the communication pipe penetrating the empty space is a flange raised up from the periphery of the opening of the plate bottom plate.