JPH0447571Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an outside air heat source type heat pump device suitable for use in areas where the outside air temperature drops below 0°C and the evaporation temperature goes below 0°C.

(Prior art) Conventional outside air heat source heat pumps cannot produce enough heat when the outside air temperature is 0°C or lower, as frost forms on the evaporator and the thermal conductivity decreases, so if the outside air temperature is low and the humidity is low, When used in areas with high levels of air pollution, the method used was to temporarily stop operating the device and pour warm water over the evaporator to defrost it.

(Problem that the invention aims to solve) However, with conventional outside air heat source heat pump equipment, operation is interrupted to remove frost that has formed on the evaporator, which reduces heat pump capacity and requires a lot of work. It was hot.

In addition, in order to solve the problems mentioned above,
It is also known to spray antifreeze such as ethylene glycol or brine onto the evaporator to prevent frost formation. In order to freeze, it was necessary to concentrate the antifreeze using a heat source.

However, the device shown in Fig. 1 is suitable for use in regions where outside air temperature is low and dry, such as the Kanto region in winter, but it is suitable for use in regions with low outside air temperature and high humidity, such as the snow-covered regions of Japan. There were problems that made it unsuitable for use in areas such as Niigata Prefecture.

The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned problems.The engine drives the compressor, and the engine's residual heat prevents frost formation on the evaporator without interrupting heat pump operation. , the hot water sent to the load side by engine exhaust gas is further heated to raise its temperature, and there is no need to use other heat sources to heat and concentrate the antifreeze, and it can be used in areas where the outside air temperature is low and humidity is high. The present invention provides an outside air heat source type heat pump device that is suitable for.

(Means for Solving Problems) The outside air heat source heat pump device of the present invention is a heat pump consisting of a compressor driven by an engine, a condenser serving as a load-side heat exchanger, and an evaporator serving as an outside air heat exchanger. The device includes an exhaust gas heat exchanger into which exhaust gas from the engine is introduced and which exchanges heat with hot water led out from the condenser to the load side, and a hot antifreeze liquid that has exchanged heat with the engine jacket and is circulated and sprayed to remove moisture. As it evaporates, it is mixed with the circulating cold antifreeze by exchanging heat with the evaporator, and the heating tower condenses and warms the cold antifreeze. It has an antifreeze reservoir at the bottom,
A liquid concentration meter that detects the concentration is inserted into the antifreeze reservoir of the heating tower, and a flow rate adjustment valve that automatically adjusts the amount of hot antifreeze sent to the heating tower according to the detected concentration is inserted into the liquid concentration meter. It is made by connecting.

(Function) In the outside air heat source type heat pump device of the present invention, hot water led out from the condenser to the load side is further heated by engine exhaust gas. In addition, in the heating tower, antifreeze heated by the engine jacket is sprayed to evaporate moisture, and is mixed with cold antifreeze heated in the evaporator.
The antifreeze is concentrated and heated. In addition, the throttle of the flow rate adjustment valve is automatically adjusted according to the concentration detected by the liquid concentration meter, and the flow rate of the warm antifreeze liquid that is sent to the heating tower to evaporate water is adjusted, reducing the concentration of the antifreeze liquid. is prevented.

(Embodiment) Next, the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

A compressor 1 driven by an engine 2, a discharge gas pipe 3, a condenser 4 serving as a load-side heat exchanger, a liquid pipe 5, an expansion valve 6, an evaporator 7 serving as an outside air heat exchanger, and an intake gas pipe 8 This constitutes a heat pump cycle. Further, a return pipe 9 for circulating hot water from the load side that is heat exchanged with the condenser 4 is connected to an exhaust gas heat exchanger 11 with which the exhaust gas pipe 10 of the engine 2 is communicated. heat exchanges the hot water flowing from the hot water return pipe 9 to the hot water outlet pipe 1.
2, it is derived to the load side. The evaporator 7 is of a shell and tube type, and is provided outside the heating tower 13.

Further, the heating tower 13 has an outside air intake port 14 formed on its lower peripheral surface, an exhaust fan 15 provided at its upper end opening, an eliminator 16 provided below the fan 15, and a hot antifreeze liquid sprayed below the eliminator 16. A pipe 33 and a cold antifreeze spray pipe 31 are sequentially inserted to form an antifreeze reservoir 18 at the bottom.

The antifreeze liquid delivery pipe 19 led out from the antifreeze liquid reservoir 18 of the heating tower 13 is connected to the tube of the heat exchanger 29 of the evaporator 7 via a liquid pump 20 on the way, and the cold antifreeze liquid led out from the heat exchanger 29 A pipe 30 is connected to a cold antifreeze spray pipe 31 in the heating tower 13. Furthermore, the middle of the branch pipe 22 branched from the antifreeze delivery pipe 19 before the evaporator 7 is communicated with an antifreeze heating heat exchanger 32, and the warm antifreeze return pipe 21 led out from this heat exchanger 32 is It communicates with a hot antifreeze spray pipe 33 provided above the antifreeze spray pipe 31 in the heating tower 13 .

The antifreeze heating heat exchanger 32 also includes a heat exchange section 35 in the middle of a warm antifreeze circulation pipe 34 that communicates with the jacket 23 of the engine 2 and circulates the antifreeze.
is inserted.

Further, a flow rate regulating valve 26 of the branch pipe 22 is connected to a temperature-sensitive cylinder 25 circumscribed in the middle of the hot antifreeze fluid circulation pipe 34.
is connected, and the flow rate regulating valve 26 is controlled by the temperature of the antifreeze fluid circulating in the hot antifreeze fluid circulation pipe 34. Further, a flow rate adjustment valve 3 provided in the warm antifreeze return pipe 21 connecting the heat exchanger 32 and the warm antifreeze spray pipe 33
6 is connected to the concentration meter 27 inserted into the antifreeze reservoir 18 of the heating tower 13, and the adjustment liquid pipe 3 led out from the antifreeze reservoir 18 is connected to the flow rate adjustment valve 36.
7 is connected, and the antifreeze solution for adjusting the antifreeze concentration can be short-circuited and circulated.

A refrigerant is sealed in a heat pump cycle consisting of a compressor 1, a condenser 4, and an evaporator 7, and an antifreeze liquid such as ethylene glycol or brine is stored in an antifreeze reservoir 18 of the heating tower 13.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When the compressor 1 is driven by starting the engine 2, hot gas from the compressor 1 is discharged to the condenser 4.
The hot water return pipe 9 from the load side is heated. Furthermore, the hot water led out from the condenser 4 to the load side is introduced into the exhaust gas heat exchanger 11 at approximately 450°C.
The heated water exchanges heat with the exhaust gas of the engine 2, becomes high-temperature water higher than the condensation temperature, and is led out to the load side through the hot water outlet pipe 12.

Further, the refrigerant liquid condensed in the condenser 4 is sent to the evaporator 7 through the liquid pipe 5 through the expansion valve 6, where it is evaporated and sucked into the compressor 1 again.

When the outside temperature is 0°C or higher and the humidity is low, the warm antifreeze liquid is not sprayed from the spray pipe 33, and
Antifreeze is sprayed only from the cold antifreeze spray pipe 31.
This antifreeze is heated by exchanging heat with the outside air sucked in from the outside air intake port 14, and the antifreeze accumulated in the antifreeze reservoir 18 is sent to the shell and tube type evaporator 7 by the liquid pump 20, and then passed through the heat exchanger 29. When passing through, the antifreeze liquid exchanges heat with the refrigerant to evaporate the refrigerant, and the antifreeze liquid is again sprayed from the cold antifreeze liquid spray pipe 31 to the heating tower 13 and circulated.

Next, when the outside temperature drops below 0°C, the cold antifreeze spray pipe 3
The cold antifreeze sprayed from 1 exchanges heat with the outside air, absorbs moisture in the outside air, and accumulates in the liquid reservoir 18.
Further, from the warm antifreeze spray pipe 33, the warm antifreeze that has been heat exchanged in the heat exchange section 35 of the heat exchanger 32, where the antifreeze heated by the jacket 23 of the engine 2 circulates, is sprayed, and the water is evaporated to form a liquid reservoir. 18 and mixes with the frozen antifreeze to warm the frozen antifreeze.
The heated antifreeze liquid is sent to the evaporator 7 by the liquid pump 20 to promote evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator 7. Then, the cold antifreeze liquid is sprayed from the spray pipe 31 again. In addition, a part of the liquid is branched to a branch pipe 22, and the antifreeze liquid heated by the jacket 23 of the engine 2 is heated in the heat exchanger 32 where it circulates in a heat exchanger 35, and is again sprayed from the warm antifreeze liquid spray pipe 33. be done. Further, the temperature of the hot antifreeze liquid sent to the hot antifreeze liquid spray pipe 33 is adjusted by a flow rate adjustment valve 26 provided in the middle of the branch pipe 22 and a temperature sensing cylinder 36 provided in the middle of the hot antifreeze liquid circulation pipe 34. That is, when the temperature of the liquid returning to the jacket 23 of the engine 2 becomes low, the temperature sensing tube 36 detects the temperature drop and increases the orifice of the flow rate regulating valve 26 to reduce the flow rate of the branch pipe 22, thereby reducing the temperature. Sometimes it works in the opposite way.

In addition, the moisture content in the antifreeze can be adjusted using the antifreeze reservoir 18.
The concentration of the liquid is detected by the concentration meter 27 inserted in the densitometer 27, and the throttle of the flow rate adjustment valve 36 connected to the concentration meter 27 is adjusted, and the antifreeze liquid is sent from the antifreeze reservoir 18 to the warm antifreeze liquid spray pipe 33 via the adjustment liquid pipe 37. Adjust the amount of liquid sent,
When the concentration of antifreeze drops, the amount of liquid sent from the adjusting liquid pipe 37 is increased.

This configuration is suitable for use in the snowy regions of Japan, Niigata Prefecture, etc. where the outside temperature is low and the humidity is high.

Note that the other configurations and operations are the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 1.

Further, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The configuration of this embodiment is such that, in the configuration of the embodiment shown in FIG.
This hot antifreeze liquid return pipe 21 is connected to a hot antifreeze liquid spray pipe 33. Then, the temperature sensing cylinder 25 circumscribed to the hot antifreeze return pipe 21 is connected to the branch pipe 2.
It is connected to a flow rate adjustment valve 26 in the middle of 2, and the throttle is automatically adjusted according to the temperature of the hot antifreeze liquid.

Note that the other configurations and functions are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.

In the above embodiments, the jacket 2 of the engine 2 is used as the residual heat and exhaust heat of the engine 2.
3 and the heat of the exhaust gas are used, but there are other ways to circulate antifreeze in the oil cooler of the engine 2 and the antifreeze reservoir 18 of the heating tower 13, or to change the atmosphere in the room where the engine 2 is installed. It is also possible to heat the outside air by introducing it into the outside air intake port 14 of the outside air.

(Effect of the invention) According to the invention, the hot water led out from the condenser to the load side is heated by the exhaust gas heat exchanger that exchanges heat with engine exhaust gas, so the hot water heated by the condenser has a high temperature. Since the water is further heated by the engine exhaust gas and sent out, it is possible to send high-temperature hot water to the load side. In addition, the heating tower injects warm antifreeze fluid that has been heated by exchanging heat with the engine jacket, thereby exchanging heat with the outside air and evaporating the absorbed moisture, and this warm antifreeze fluid exchanging heat with the evaporator. To heat antifreeze and send the heated antifreeze containing less water to the evaporator or engine jacket, thereby preventing damage to the engine jacket and reduction in evaporator efficiency due to freezing of water in the antifreeze. I can do it. moreover,
The liquid concentration meter in the antifreeze reservoir detects the concentration of antifreeze and automatically adjusts the throttle of the flow control valve, so if the flow rate of warm antifreeze increases when the moisture content of antifreeze increases, the concentration of antifreeze will decrease. When this occurs, more water is sprayed into the heating tower and evaporated, automatically preventing the concentration of antifreeze from decreasing, making it suitable for use in areas with low outside temperatures and high humidity.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are flow sheet diagrams showing different embodiments of the heat pump device of the present invention. 1... Compressor, 2... Engine, 4... Condenser, 7... Evaporator, 11... Exhaust gas heat exchanger, 1
3... Heating tower, 14... Outside air intake port, 18... Antifreeze reservoir, 23... Jacket, 2
7...Liquid concentration meter, 36...Flow rate adjustment valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] In a heat pump device comprising a compressor driven by an engine, a condenser serving as a load-side heat exchanger, and an evaporator serving as an outside air heat exchanger, exhaust gas from the engine is introduced. an exhaust gas heat exchanger that exchanges heat with hot water led out from the condenser to the load side, and a hot antifreeze fluid that has exchanged heat with the engine jacket, which is circulated and sprayed to evaporate moisture and exchange heat with the evaporator for circulation. a heating tower that mixes with a frozen antifreeze solution and concentrates and heats the frozen antifreeze solution, the heating tower having an open upper end, an outside air inlet on the circumference, and an antifreeze reservoir at the bottom; A liquid concentration meter that detects the concentration is inserted into the antifreeze reservoir of this heating tower, and a flow rate adjustment valve is installed in this liquid concentration meter to automatically adjust the amount of hot antifreeze sent to the heating tower according to the detected concentration. An outside air heat source type heat pump device characterized by being connected.