JPH0447926Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] [Purpose of invention]

(Field of Industrial Application) This invention relates to a pulsed current electromagnet (latching type solenoid) used, for example, to open and close automobile door locks and various valves. (Prior Art) Conventionally, there has been a latch type solenoid as shown in FIG. 4 as described above. That is, the illustrated latching solenoid 100
is a cylindrical or U-shaped side wall 101a.
A bottom wall 101b is provided at the end of the bottom wall 101b, and a projection 101 projecting upward in the figure is provided on the bottom wall 101b.
A frame 101 is provided, and an electromagnetic coil 102 is housed in this frame 101, and a magnet 103 is magnetized with an N pole or an S pole on the inner circumference side and an S pole or N pole on the outer circumference side. is provided above the electromagnetic coil 102 in the figure, and a non-magnetic cap 104 is fixed above the magnet 103 in the figure. A shaft-shaped plunger 105 is slidably inserted through the electromagnetic coil 102, magnet 103, and cap 104, and is returned between the cap 104 and a spring stopper 105a provided near the upper end of the plunger 105 in the figure. A spring 106 is provided to bias the plunger 105 upward in the figure. By switching switches 107, 107 connected to the electromagnetic coil 102 to one direction in the figure, power is switched and supplied to the electromagnetic coil 102, and the plunger 105 is connected to a load. It is set as. Here, when the illustrated plunger 105 is in the returned state, the plunger 105 is urged upward in the figure by the return spring 106. Therefore, in this state, the switch 107,
When 107 is switched to the upper side in the figure, power is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 102 and it is excited. As a result, when illustrated, the electromagnetic coil 1
02, the N pole plunger 1 of the magnet 103
05 Protrusion 101c of frame 101 Bottom wall 101b of frame 101 Side wall 1 of frame 101
Magnetic flux φ ₁ passing through the S pole of 01a magnet 203
o is generated, the plunger 105 is sucked downward in the figure until it comes into contact with the protrusion 101c of the frame 101, and the load connected to the plunger 105 is actuated. Then, when the plunger 105 comes into contact with the protrusion 101c of the frame 101, the switch 10
7,107 returns to the neutral position, the electromagnetic coil 10
2 is demagnetized and no longer attracts the plunger 105 downward in the figure, but the magnet 103 has an N pole plunger 105 of the magnet 103, a protrusion 101c of the frame 101, a bottom wall 101b of the frame 101, a side wall a of the frame 101, and an S of the magnet 103. Since magnetic flux φ ₂ o passing through the pole is generated,
The plunger 105 continues to be sucked downward in the figure against the return spring 106. As a result, the plunger 105 is held at the lower operating end in the figure. Next, in this state, the switch 107,
When 107 is switched to the lower side in the figure, power is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 102 in the opposite direction to that in the above-described case, and the electromagnetic coil 102 is excited. As a result, the side wall 101a of the S pole frame 101 of the magnet 103 is attached to the electromagnetic coil 102.
Bottom wall 101b of frame 101 frame 101
Since a magnetic flux φ ₃ o in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux φ 2 o is generated through the N pole of the projection 101c of the plunger 105 and the magnet ₁₀₃ , the magnetic flux φ ₂ o and the magnetic flux φ ₃ o cancel each other out. Then, the plunger 105 has a return spring 106
It returns to the upper side in the figure and operates. Furthermore, in this state, the switch 107,
107 to the neutral position, the electromagnetic coil 10
2 is demagnetized, and the plunger 105 is returned to the spring 10.
6 returns to the state where it is energized upward in the figure. (Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the conventional latch type solenoid 100 described above, the electromagnetic coil 102 generates a magnetic flux φ 1 o that attracts the plunger 105 by switching the power supply, and the magnet 103 also generates a magnetic flux φ ₁ o that attracts the plunger 105. Magnetic flux φ ₃ o that cancels the generated magnetic flux φ ₂ o
Therefore, when a high voltage is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 102, for example, the electromagnetic coil 102 will generate a magnetic flux φ ₃ o that is greater than the plunger holding force, causing the plunger 105 to be pulled in and malfunctioning. However, there is a problem in that the electromagnetic coil 102 is required to operate reliably without causing retraction of the plunger 105. (Purpose of the invention) This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems.The purpose of this invention is to provide an electromagnetic switch that operates reliably without causing the electromagnetic coil to pull the plunger. This is a special ingenuity.

[Structure of the idea]

(Means for Solving the Problems) A latch type solenoid according to this invention includes a permanent magnet, a pair of electromagnetic coils provided on both sides of the permanent magnet, and a plunger extending between the permanent magnet and each of the electromagnetic coils. In a latch type solenoid provided in a frame forming a path, a return spring is provided at an end of the plunger to bias the plunger between the end of the plunger and the frame, and an outer peripheral side is provided between each of the electromagnetic coils and the permanent magnet. A first conductor for magnetic induction, which is spaced apart from the frame and whose inner circumferential side is close to the plunger; and a second magnetic induction body, whose outer circumferential side is in contact with the frame and whose inner circumferential side is separated from the plunger. The structure of the latch type solenoid is a means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems. (Function) In the latch type solenoid according to this invention, a return spring is provided at the end of the plunger to bias the plunger between it and the frame, and between each electromagnetic coil and the permanent magnet, the outer peripheral side of the first inductor is connected to the frame. Since the outer circumferential side of the second inductor is brought into contact with the frame and the inner circumferential side is separated from the plunger, when a high voltage is supplied, the plunger is pulled in by the electromagnetic coil. To operate reliably and quickly without causing any problems. (Example) Hereinafter, an example of the latch type solenoid according to this invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. That is, in the illustrated latch type solenoid 1, reference numeral 2 indicates a substantially U-shaped frame main body 2a and bottoms 2b provided on flanges on both sides thereof.
2c, numeral 3 is a permanent magnet, numerals 4 and 5 are annular electromagnetic coils, and numeral 6 is a permanent magnet.
Reference numeral 7 is a plunger, 7 is a gap forming member, 8 is a return spring, and 9 and 10 are first and second induction bodies for magnetic induction, respectively. Frame body 2a forming part of frame 2
It is made of a magnetic material and has a substantially U-shape with an opening on the left side in the figure, and is provided with bottom mounting parts 2d and 2e on the top and bottom in the figure, respectively, which integrally mount bottoms 2b and 2c. Bottoms 2b and 2c forming part of frame 2
Both are made of magnetic material. One of the bottoms 2b and 2c is provided with a cylindrical portion 2f having an outer diameter that fits into a bottom mounting portion 2d provided on the frame body 2a, and a substantially central portion of the cylindrical portion 2f. is provided with through holes 2g passing through the bottom 2b at the top and bottom in the figure, and a bottom recess 2h recessed into a substantially conical shape upward from the bottom end in the figure of the cylindrical portion 2f.
It is equipped with The other bottom 2c of the bottoms 2b and 2c has a bottom attachment part 2e provided on the frame body 2a.
It is provided with a protrusion 2i having an outer diameter that fits into the bottom protrusion 2j, and a bottom protrusion 2j that protrudes upward in the figure in a substantially conical shape. The permanent magnet 3 has a ring shape, and is magnetized with an S pole on the end surface side 3a located on the upper side in the figure, and an N pole on the end surface side 3b on the lower side in the figure. The inner circumferential side of this permanent magnet 3 is provided with an insertion portion 3c having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of a plunger 6, which will be described later. It is provided with an outer peripheral fixing surface 3d on which the permanent magnet 3 is attached. One electromagnetic coil 4 of the electromagnetic coils 4 and 5
has a larger capacity than the other electromagnetic coil 5,
Both bobbins 4 have center holes 4a and 5a.
Conductive wires are wound around b and 5b, respectively. These electromagnetic coils 4 and 5 are connected to lead wires 4c, 4d and 5 for supplying excitation power.
c and 5d, respectively, and the lead wire 4 of the electromagnetic coil 4
c is electrically connected to one fixed side contact 11a of the switch 11, and the lead wire 5c of the electromagnetic coil 5 is connected to the other fixed side contact 11a of the switch 11.
1b, and by switching the movable contact 11c of the switch 11, power is supplied to the lead wire 4c or 5c. Further, the lead wire 4d of the electromagnetic coil 4 and the lead wire 5d of the electromagnetic coil 5 are grounded. Further, a storage section 4e for storing a permanent magnet 3 and a first inductor 9, which will be described later, is provided on the inner peripheral side above the bobbin 4b. On the other hand, the plunger 6 has a similar shape that is inserted into a bottom recess 2h provided in one bottom 2b near the upper end of the cylindrical shaft part 6a in the figure, and becomes thinner toward the top in the figure. In this embodiment, an output shaft 6c made of a non-magnetic material is attached to the upper side of the tapered part 6b in the drawing. A load (for example, an air valve needle) is connected to this output shaft 6c. Further, near the lower end of the shaft portion 6a in the figure, there is provided a bottom groove portion 6d which is a similar conical concave portion to be inserted into the bottom convex portion 2j provided on the other bottom 2c. is provided with a spring hook portion 6e that abuts one end of a return spring 8, which will be described later. On the other hand, the gap forming member 7 is an O-ring made of synthetic rubber, and slidably supports the output shaft 6c of the plunger 6 when attached to the bottom recess 2h provided in one bottom 2b. As shown in FIG. 1, a predetermined gap is maintained between one bottom 2b and the plunger 6 when the plunger 6 is in the returned state. In addition, the return spring 8 is a coil spring having elasticity in both the contraction direction and the expansion direction,
One end on the upper side in the figure is in contact with a spring hook 6e provided on the plunger 6, and the other end on the lower side in the figure is in contact with the other bottom 2c. In addition, the first and second magnetic induction inductors 9 and 10 are both approximately donut-shaped and made of magnetic material. The inner circumferential side of one of the first inductors 9 is provided with a proximal insertion hole 9a having an inner circumferential dimension close to the plunger 6, and the first inductive body 9 is provided at a position spaced apart from the frame main body 2a on the outer circumferential side. 9 is attached to the fixing surface 9b. Further, the inner circumferential side of the other second guide member 10 is provided with an insertion hole 10a having an inner diameter dimension that provides a predetermined clearance from the outer diameter dimension of the plunger 6, and the second guide member 10 is provided on the outer circumferential side. Fixing surface 1 that fixes the frame 2a in contact with the frame 2a
0b. Here, as shown in FIG.
An electromagnetic coil 4 is fixed to the lower side of a, and a protrusion 2i of the other bottom 2c is fitted into the other bottom attachment part 2e provided on the frame body 2a, and the bobbin 4b of the electromagnetic coil 4 A first dielectric 9 is stored in a storage portion 4e provided therein, and a permanent magnet 3 is stored above the first dielectric 9 in the drawing. As a result, the first inductor 9 is in contact with the lower end surface side 3b of the permanent magnet 3 in the figure, that is, on the north pole side, and is spaced apart from the frame body 2a. Then, the upper end surface side 3a of the permanent magnet 3 in the figure
That is, the second inductor 10 whose fixed surface 10b is fixed to the frame body 2a is in contact with the S pole side, and the electromagnetic coil 5 is provided above the second inductor 10 in the figure. . Also, the return spring 8 is attached to the center hole 4 of the electromagnetic coil 4.
A, the other end of the lower side in the figure is in contact with the bottom 2c, and the plunger 6 is inserted into the center hole 5a of the electromagnetic coil 5, the insertion hole 10a of the second inductor 10, and the permanent magnet. 3, the proximal insertion hole 9a of the first inductor 9, and the center hole 4a of the electromagnetic coil 4.
One end of the return spring 8 on the upper side in the figure is brought into contact with e, and the plunger 6 is biased upward in the figure. Furthermore, the output shaft 6 of the plunger 6
The gap forming member 7 is attached to c through the through hole 2g of the bottom 2b, and the bottom 2b is attached to the bottom attachment portion 2d of the frame body 2a. As shown in FIG. 1, a closed magnetic path A is formed around the permanent magnet 3, the plunger 6, and one of the electromagnetic coils 4, and the electromagnetic coils 4, 5
and the plunger 6 so that closed magnetic circuits B and C are formed when the electromagnetic coils 4 and 5 are excited, respectively,
A closed magnetic path D passing through the frame body 2 and the plunger 6 is formed when either the electromagnetic coil 4 or the electromagnetic coil 5 is excited. Next, the operation of the latch type solenoid 1 according to this invention will be explained. First, as shown in FIG. 1, when the plunger 6 is biased upward in the figure by the return spring 8, the magnetic flux φ ₁ ' generated from the permanent magnet 3 is generated in the closed magnetic path A'. ing. In other words, the magnetic flux φ ₁ ' is generated by the N-pole first inductor 9 of the permanent magnet 3, the plunger 6, and the other bottom 2c.
Frame main body 2a second derivative 10 permanent magnet 3
is formed through the south pole of A gap forming member 7 (θ ring, etc.) is provided between the plunger 6 and the bottom 2c.
are sandwiched between the plunger 6 and the other bottom 2b, thereby attenuating the attraction force between the plunger 6 and the other bottom 2b due to the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 3. and,

[Auxiliary force of return spring 8]+

[Magnetic flux φ ₁ ′]>

The relationship is [magnetic flux φ ₁ ], and the plunger 6 is held at the return position on the upper side of the figure. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, when the switch 11 is switched to bring the movable contact 11c into contact with the fixed contact 11a and the electromagnetic coil 4 is excited, the magnetic flux φ ₂ generated from the electromagnetic coil 4 is transferred to the closed magnetic path B. occurs in That is, the magnetic flux φ ₂ is formed through the electromagnetic coil 4, the first inductor 9, the plunger 6, the other bottom 2c, the frame main body 2a, and the electromagnetic coil 4. As a result, the magnetic flux φ ₂ of the electromagnetic coil 4 is
It acts to attract the plunger 6 downward in the figure together with the magnetic flux φ ₁ of the permanent magnet 3 shown in the figure.

[Magnetic flux φ ₂ + magnetic flux φ ₁ ]>

In relation to [force of the return spring 8], the bottom 2 of the plunger 6 shown in FIG.
The output shaft 6c attached to the plunger 6 is actuated to drive the load. As shown in FIG. 3, even after switching the switch 11 to move the movable contact 11c away from the fixed contact 11a and setting it at the neutral position, and cutting off the conduction of the electromagnetic coil 4, the magnetization by the permanent magnet 3 is closed. Since the plunger 6 and the other bottom 2c are in contact with each other in the path A, a large magnetic flux φ ₁ is generated to hold the plunger 6 in contact with the other bottom 2c. That is, since the plunger 6 and the bottom 2e are in contact with each other, the magnetic resistance is low there, and the N-pole first inductor 9 of the permanent magnet 3
Since a large magnetic flux φ ₁ passing through the S pole of the second dielectric 10 and the permanent magnet 3 is formed,

[Magnetic flux φ ₁ ]>

The relationship is as follows: [Auxiliary force of return spring 8] Next, as shown in FIG.
Switch the movable contact 11c to the fixed contact 11b.
When the electromagnetic coil 5 is excited, the magnetic fluxes φ ₃ and φ ₄ generated from the electromagnetic coil 5 flow into closed magnetic paths C and D.
Each occurs in That is, the magnetic flux φ ₃ is formed through the electromagnetic coil 5 second inductor 10 plunger 6 one bottom 2b electromagnetic coil 5, and a part of the magnetic flux φ ₃ passes through the one bottom 2b frame main body 2 the other bottom 2c plunger 6 The magnetic flux φ ₄ is formed through one bottom 2b. Due to the rollers, the magnetic flux φ ₃ acts to attract the plunger 6 upward in the figure, and the magnetic flux φ ₄ is in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux φ ₁ of the permanent magnet 3, so that the magnetic flux φ ₁ of the permanent magnet 3 It acts to make it smaller. Then, the plunger 6 is moved to the electromagnetic coil 5 by the biasing force of the return spring 8 and the magnetic flux φ ₃ of the electromagnetic coil 5.
It is attracted to the side, that is, the upper side in the figure, and returns, and the load connected to the output shaft 6c is returned and driven. Furthermore, even after switching the switch 11 to separate the movable contact 11c from the fixed contact 11b and making it hollow, the plunger 6 returns to its original state as shown in FIG. 1 while being energized by the return spring 8. It is designed to be held in position.

[Effect of the idea]

As explained above, the latch type solenoid according to the present invention includes: a permanent magnet; a pair of electromagnetic coils provided on both sides of the permanent magnet; and a plunger spanning the permanent magnet and each electromagnetic coil to form a magnetic path. In a latch type solenoid installed in a frame, a return spring is provided between the end of the plunger and the frame to bias the plunger, and between each of the electromagnetic coils and the permanent magnet, the outer circumferential side is separated from the frame. A first conductor for magnetic induction is provided which is spaced apart and whose inner circumferential side is close to the plunger, and a second conductor for magnetic induction whose outer circumferential side is in contact with the frame and whose inner circumferential side is separated from the plunger. Because of the structure,
When a high voltage is supplied as in the conventional type, the plunger can be operated reliably and quickly without causing the plunger to be pulled in by the electromagnetic coil.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view illustrating an embodiment of the latch type solenoid according to this invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 are longitudinal sectional side views illustrating the operation of the latched type solenoid shown in FIG. The figure is a longitudinal sectional side view of a conventional latch type solenoid. 1... Latch type solenoid, 2... Frame, 3
... Permanent magnet, 4, 5 ... Electromagnetic coil, 6 ... Plunger, 8 ... Return spring, 9 ... First derivative,
10...Second derivative.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A latch type in which a permanent magnet, a pair of electromagnetic coils provided on both sides of the permanent magnet, and a plunger spanning the permanent magnet and each of the electromagnetic coils are provided in a frame forming a magnetic path. In the solenoid, a return spring is provided between the end of the plunger and the frame to bias the plunger, and between each of the electromagnetic coils and the permanent magnet, an outer peripheral side is separated from the frame and an inner peripheral side is spaced apart from the frame. A latch type characterized by having a first conductor for magnetic induction located close to the plunger, and a second conductor for magnetic induction whose outer circumferential side is in contact with the frame and whose inner circumferential side is separated from the plunger. solenoid.