JPH0449632B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a structure of a connection between structures using an expansion joint.

[Conventional technology]

For long structures, to prevent thermal deformation, for irregularly shaped structures, to ensure mechanical clarity,
In particular, it is common to provide an expansion joint for the purpose of preventing excessive stress from being generated locally during an earthquake.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, since the vibration characteristics of the structures separated by the expansion joints are different from each other, the difference in the movement of each structure during an earthquake becomes large. This tendency is particularly noticeable in irregular structures with different heights.

If the difference in movement or displacement between structures becomes large, the structure of the expansion joint becomes complicated, problems with rain closure occur, and design becomes difficult from an aesthetic and cost perspective.

In the present invention, when structurally separated structures are connected using an expansion joint, a damper is combined with the expansion joint to utilize the difference in movement when the separated structures vibrate. The purpose is to reduce the structure of the expansion joint by absorbing vibration energy, reducing the seismic force of the structure, and reducing the displacement between the structures, thereby simplifying the structure of the expansion joint and reducing costs. It is said that

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention allows structurally separated structures to
A damper is interposed in the expansion joint at a connection between the structures connected by an expansion joint that is horizontally slidable with respect to one or both of the structures. That is, among structurally separated structures, a structure that can slide relative to the expansion joint and the expansion joint are horizontally connected by a damper. .

In response to vibrational external forces such as earthquakes, dampers operate based on the difference in horizontal movement between structures and absorb the vibration energy. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the seismic force of the structure and to reduce the displacement difference (especially horizontal displacement) between the structures.

Dampers include those that move linearly, such as oil dampers and cylinder-type viscous dampers, viscous dampers with a fluid tank, and those that have damping characteristics that are the same in all horizontal directions such as lead dampers, and other types of friction dampers. There are dampers, elasto-plastic hysteresis dampers, electromagnetic dampers, etc., and the appropriate one is selected depending on the structure of the expansion joint and the required damping performance.

Additionally, if the damper performance deteriorates due to a major earthquake, it can be replaced with a new one.

〔Example〕

Next, the illustrated embodiment will be described.

FIG. 1 shows a case in which the connection part of the present invention using an expansion joint and a damper is applied to an expansion joint part that also serves as a passage between adjacent structures 1 and 2. In the figure, A indicates the connecting portion.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a cylinder-shaped viscous damper 6 as a damper interposed in the expansion joint. In this viscous damper 6, a viscous material 9 is filled in an outer tube 8 passed through a rod 7, and an inner tube 10 fixed to the rod 7 receives resistance from the viscous material 9. 10, the damping force according to the area receiving resistance, etc. can be obtained.

3a, b and 4 show examples of application of the viscous damper 13a as a stationary damper, and FIGS.
b shows an example of application of a lead damper 13b as a stationary damper, and the damper characteristics can be made the same in any direction. Further, examples of the arrangement of the stationary damper 13 are shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b and 7a and 7b.

The viscous damper 13a shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b and FIG. A resistance plate 17 provided on the lower surface receives the resistance of the viscous body 18 to exert a damping force. In the case of FIG. 3a, the resistance plate 17 is supported within the viscous body tank 15 by a sliding material 19 such as a ball bearing or a fluorine resin plate, but the sliding part 16 is supported by a sliding material 19 outside the viscous body tank 15. If it is supported by , it will look like Figure 4.

The lead dampers 13b shown in Figures 5a and 5b are used for foundations in the seismic isolation groove method, etc., and a laminated rubber 21 is sandwiched between upper and lower mounting plates 20, and a cylindrical lead pillar 22 is installed in the center vertical direction. A damping force is exerted by the lead column 22.

Figure 6a is similar to the above-mentioned figures 3a, 4 and 5.
FIG.
The expansion joint 24 of the structure 1,
It is supported via stationary dampers 13 installed on both sides. In this case, the deformation of the damper 13 may be half that of the case shown in FIG. 6a.

Furthermore, in FIGS. 6a and 6b, the damper 13 also serves as a support, but as shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b, the slide portion of the expansion joint is supported by a sliding bearing 25, and the damper 13 is There is also an arrangement that increases the reliability of damper performance by making it independent.
Further, by using the damper 13 only in the center as shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b, it is possible to easily follow the mutual rotation of buildings.

FIGS. 8a and 8b show an application example of an elasto-plastic damper 26 that utilizes the elasto-plastic hysteresis characteristics of bending metal objects. The elastic-plastic damper 26 is made of steel and is formed into a U-shape, and its ends are fixed to the receiving part 14 of the building and the sliding part of the expansion joint 24 with bolts 27, respectively. When hardware bends and yields due to earthquake force, energy is absorbed through plastic deformation. In the case of the above-mentioned free-standing damper 13, there is a problem in that the height of the ceiling becomes high because the free-standing damper 13 is placed on the receiving part 14, whereas this elastic-plastic damper 26 has a structure shown in FIG. As shown, it fits into the ceiling, and the joint part of the structure can be used as a hallway or living room. Additionally, since the damper is made of steel, it can be manufactured at extremely low cost.

10a to 10j show various arrangement examples of the elastoplastic damper 26 with reference to the - line in FIG. However, it is exactly the same even if it is used vertically as shown in Fig. 8b. In the figure, the bearing 28 indicated by an oval circle freely slides in the major axis direction, the bearing 29 indicated by a circle freely slides in all directions, and the bearing 30 indicated by a small circle is fixed. Of course, combinations other than these are also possible. Furthermore, displacements that differ from the acting direction of the elastic-plastic damper 26 can be dealt with by making the bolt holes through which the bolts 27 pass into elongated holes. Furthermore, if the damper properties of the hardware are damaged due to a large seismic force, the bolts 27 can be removed and replaced with new ones.

Figures 11a and 11b show an example of application in which an atrium 31 is formed between the structures 1, 1, and 2, where one structure 1 has an L-shaped cross section and the other structure 2 has a rectangular cross section. 2 have different vibration properties and are connected in an irregular shape in a plane by an expansion joint. In this case as well, as shown in Figure 7b, by installing the stationary damper 13 on both structures 1 and 2 and connecting them with the expansion joint 24, structures 1 and 2 can be separated during an earthquake. It is possible to attenuate the vibration while absorbing the difference in horizontal movement with the damper 13, and to reduce the difference in displacement between the structures 1 and 2.

Next, the effects of the present invention will be illustrated through seismic response analysis.

Figure 12a shows a model building, and as a comparative example, consider the models shown in Figures 12b and 12c. Considering the plan shape of the building as shown in Figure 11a, Structure 2 is an 8-story high-rise building with a rectangular plan shape,
Structure 1 is an L-shaped 5-story low-rise building,
It is assumed that they are connected at the end of the L shape.
As the damper 13, it becomes plastic at 100t, and
Hysteretic damper (12th damper) with the same characteristics in both directions
(see Figure d) will be installed only on the 5th floor, and the 3rd, 4th, and 6th floors will be structurally free. Also, 1,2
The floors are connected, with an atrium 31 at the top.

For comparison, Fig. 12b shows a normal expansion joint, and if both structures 1 and 2 are structurally independent, Fig. 12c shows the structure except for the 6th floor (the roof floor in the case of low-rise structure 1). This is the case where everything is rigidly connected.

The seismic wave used was the El Centro 1940NS wave, which is normally used in design, but has a severe response in a building of this size, and the input acceleration was 100 gal.

Although the results are shown only for the case of input in the X direction, the results are similar for the case of input in the Y direction. In the graphs in Figures 13 to 15, a, b, and c are respectively the 12th
Corresponds to the models in figures a, b, and c.

First, as shown in FIGS. 13a and 13b, the maximum response shear force is the smallest in the case using the present invention, demonstrating the effect of absorbing vibration energy.

Next, looking at the shear force between structures 1 and 2 (the shear force between the ridges), as shown in Figure 14 a and b, in the case of an expansion joint, there is no mutual exchange of shear force. Of course, this would be 0, but in the case of a rigid connection, the weight would be close to 400 tons in one place, making it extremely difficult to create a joint that can transmit this force in a building like this. This is why conventional design methods use expansion joints in cases like this case. On the other hand, when the present invention is used, there is no input greater than the damper characteristics (100t), so other structural members connected to the damper can be easily designed.

Looking at the displacement between structures 1 and 2 (displacement between buildings),
As shown in FIGS. 15a and 15b, the maximum value of about 5 cm in the case of the expansion joint is about half when the present invention is used, making it easier to shut off from the rain. In particular, when a large space is formed as an atrium between the high-rise structure 2 and the low-rise structure 1, and its roof, the 6th floor, is made of glass, ordinary expansion joints do not allow for the beautiful appearance of the rain. Up,
This is difficult due to cost. However, according to the present invention, ordinary rain closing details are sufficient, which not only improves aesthetics but also significantly reduces costs.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In the present invention, at the connection part between structurally separated structures that are horizontally connected by an expansion joint, during an earthquake or a strong wind,
The damper works based on the difference in movement between the connected structures, absorbing vibration energy and reducing the shaking of each structure.

In addition, since the displacement difference between the structures is reduced, the length of an expansion joint, which is expensive to detail due to rain closure, etc., can be shortened, which is aesthetically pleasing and reduces costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing an example of the application position of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the structure of a cylinder-type viscous damper, and Figs. 3 a and b are vertical views showing an example of the application of a stationary viscous damper. A cross-sectional view and a horizontal cross-sectional view, FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a stationary viscous damper, and FIGS. 5 a and b are a schematic front view showing an application example of a lead damper and a perspective view showing an example of a lead damper, respectively. Figures 6a, b and 7a, b are plan views showing examples of the arrangement of stationary dampers, Figures 8 a, b are perspective views showing examples of application of elasto-plastic dampers, and Figure 9 is elasto-plastic dampers. 10a to 10j are vertical sectional views showing examples of arrangement of dampers, and horizontal sectional views showing various arrangement examples of elastoplastic dampers; FIGS.
b is a plan view showing an example of application to a structure and a vertical sectional view of the joint part, and Fig. 12 a to c
is an analytical model diagram, Fig. 12 d is a graph showing the damper characteristics, Fig. 13 a, b is a graph showing the response maximum shear force of high-rise structures and low-rise structures, respectively, Fig. 14 a, b is the structure Graphs showing shear forces between objects; FIGS. 15a and 15b are graphs showing displacement between structures. A... Connection portion, 1, 2... Structure, 6... Cylinder type viscous damper, 7... Rod, 8... Outer tube, 9... Viscous body, 10... Inner tube, 11... Rod guide, 12... Bellows, 13... Stationary damper, 14... Receiving part, 15... Viscous body tank, 16... Slide part, 1
7... Resistance plate, 18... Viscous body, 19... Sliding material, 20... Mounting plate, 21... Laminated rubber, 22...
... Lead column, 23, 24 ... Expansion joint, 25 ... Sliding bearing, 26 ... Elastoplastic damper, 27 ... Bolt, 28, 29, 30 ... Bearing, 31 ... Atrium.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Structurally separated structures are connected by an expansion joint that is horizontally slidable relative to one or both of the structures. Among the above-mentioned structures, a structure is characterized in that a structure that is slidable relative to the expansion joint and the expansion joint are horizontally connected by a damper. connection between.