JPH0449705B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0449705B2
JPH0449705B2 JP58098292A JP9829283A JPH0449705B2 JP H0449705 B2 JPH0449705 B2 JP H0449705B2 JP 58098292 A JP58098292 A JP 58098292A JP 9829283 A JP9829283 A JP 9829283A JP H0449705 B2 JPH0449705 B2 JP H0449705B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sensitivity
resist
trioxabicyclo
molecular weight
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP58098292A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59223421A (en
Inventor
Katsumi Tanigaki
Yoshitake Oonishi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NEC Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP58098292A priority Critical patent/JPS59223421A/en
Publication of JPS59223421A publication Critical patent/JPS59223421A/en
Publication of JPH0449705B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0449705B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/038Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は新規なレジスト材料に関するものであ
る。 従来の微細加工は、例えば基板自体を加工する
場合には基板上に感光性樹脂(フオトレジスト)
を塗布し、露光・現像する事によりレジスト像を
形成し、レジスト膜に被覆されていない基板部分
をエツチングする方法が取られて来た。しかし、
光を使用する方法では、光による回折効果のため
に、解像性に限界があるために、1μm以下の微
細加工には適さない。そこで、最近、半導体集積
回路の高密度化の要請に伴ない、光の代わりに更
に波長の短かいX線、あるいは、電子線、γ線、
中性子線、イオンビーム等の高エネルギーの放射
線を用いて、解像性の良いレジスト像を形成し、
下の基板を加工する微細加工方式に移りつつあ
る。 かかる微細加工方法において、レジスト像形成
に用いるレジスト材料は、解像性の良い事はもち
ろん生産性の面から露光時間を短縮するために、
電離放射線に対して高感度に反応するレジストを
用いる事が望ましい。また、エツチング方法とし
て、従来はウエツトエツチ法が用いられていた
が、ウエツトエツチでは、サイドエツチおよびエ
ツチヤントの不純物の影響がある等、欠点がある
等、欠点があつた。そこで最近、ドライエツチン
グ法が用いられるようになつて来た。従つて、レ
ジスト材料には、プラズマガス、反応性スパツタ
リング、イオンミリングに対しての耐性も要求さ
れるようになつている。この目的のために、ドラ
イエツチング耐性を有するレジストが開発されて
来たが、一般に感度が低いのが現状である。例え
ば、ポリスチレン、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリ
ビニルナフタレン等が報告されているが、電子線
に対する感度は、約100μC/cm2と非常に低いもの
である。 本発明の目的は、X線、電子線、γ線等の電離
放射線に対して、高感度を有する新規なレジスト
材料を提供することにある。 本発明によれば一般式
The present invention relates to a novel resist material. In conventional microfabrication, for example, when processing the substrate itself, a photosensitive resin (photoresist) is used on the substrate.
A method has been adopted in which a resist image is formed by coating, exposing and developing the resist film, and then etching the portion of the substrate not covered by the resist film. but,
Methods using light have limited resolution due to the diffraction effect of light, and are therefore not suitable for microfabrication of 1 μm or less. Recently, with the demand for higher density semiconductor integrated circuits, X-rays with shorter wavelengths, electron beams, gamma rays,
Forms a resist image with good resolution using high-energy radiation such as neutron beams and ion beams,
We are moving to microfabrication methods that process the underlying substrate. In such a microfabrication method, the resist material used for resist image formation not only has good resolution but also has the following characteristics:
It is desirable to use a resist that responds highly sensitively to ionizing radiation. Furthermore, wet etching has conventionally been used as an etching method, but wet etching has drawbacks such as side etching and the influence of impurities in the etchant. Therefore, recently, a dry etching method has come into use. Therefore, resist materials are also required to have resistance to plasma gas, reactive sputtering, and ion milling. For this purpose, resists having dry etching resistance have been developed, but at present they generally have low sensitivity. For example, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylnaphthalene, etc. have been reported, but their sensitivity to electron beams is very low at about 100 μC/cm 2 . An object of the present invention is to provide a novel resist material that has high sensitivity to ionizing radiation such as X-rays, electron beams, and γ-rays. According to the invention, the general formula

【式】 (但しRはアルキル基を表わす。) で表わされるトリオキサビシクロ化合物を構成要
素として含む重量平均分子量10000〜1000000の重
合体からなる含むレジスト材料が得られる。 すなわち、本発明において、上式で表わす事の
できるトリオキサビシクロ化合物は、電離放射線
に対して感度が高いために、上記物質を構成要素
として含む化合物は電離放射線に対して高感度を
有する。すなわち、本発明においてトリオキサビ
シクロ化合物をアクリロニトリル等に共重合させ
たものは、母体のアクリロニトリルに対して、第
1図に示すように、感度が上昇する。感度が上昇
する事はそれに逆比例して、必要とする露光量が
少なくて良い事を意味するから、電子線露光・X
線露光でしばしば問題となる露光時間を短縮せし
める事ができる。 感度が上昇するのは、トリオキサビシクロ基が
電離放射線に対して高感度に開裂し架橋反応を起
こすためだと考えられる。従つて、感度の上昇と
いう点からみればアルキル基の種類は本質的な問
題ではない。また、電子線、X線等の電離放射線
に対する感度は、分子量の増大につれて上昇する
が、分子量が1000以下であると感度が不足し、一
方1000000以上であると現像中に生じる膨潤のた
めに、解像度が低下し、更には溶解塗布性にも問
題を生じるので、共重合体の分子量は1000〜
1000000が好ましい。中でも重量平均分子量10000
〜1000000が最もよい。分散は、解像度に影響を
与えるので、解像度の観点から分散は、3以下が
好ましい。使用者は、要求する感度、解像度を考
え、最も好適な共重合率、分子量を選ぶ事ができ
る。 以下本発明を実施例によつて説明する。 実施例 1 トリオキサビシクロ化合物(R=C2H5)/ア
クリルニトリルをモル比1/10で仕込んでN、N
−ジメチルホルムアミド溶液とした。重合開始剤
アゾビスイソブチロニトリルを重合成分の3モル
%加えて70℃で24時間重合させた。重合物はN、
N−ジメチルホルムアミド−メタノール系で2回
沈澱精製を行なつた。(収率45%) 得られた重合体は、分析の結果、アクリルニト
リル/トリオキサビシクロ化合物(R=C2H5)=
96/4平均重量分子量100000、分散度3.0であつ
た。この得られたポリマーをベンゾニトリルに溶
かし、16%溶液とし、0.2μmのフイルターで過
して、レジスト液とした。これを、スピナーを用
いて、シリコンウエハー上に塗布し80℃で30分加
熱乾燥して厚さ0.5μmの均一な塗布膜を得た。こ
のレジスト膜に種々の露光量で電子線照射(加速
電圧20KeV)を行いパターン描画を行つた後、
テトラヒドロフランで90秒現像し、イソプロパノ
ールで30秒リンスして、レジスト像を得た。感度
は、ゲル化点で8.6×10-6C/cm2とポリアクリロニ
トリルに対して、約7倍上昇していた。 実施例 2 実施例1と同じ方法で仕込み量のみを変えてア
クリロニトリル/トリオキサビシクロ化合物(R
=C2H5)=80/20平均分子量84000、分散度2.8で
もある共重合体を合成し、電子線(加速電圧
20KeV)に対する感度を測定したところ、7.1×
10-6C/cm2とポリアクリロニトリルに対して約13
倍上昇していた。 実施例 3 実施例1と同じ方法で仕込み量のみを変えて、
アクリロニトリル/トリオキサビシクロ化合物
(R=C2H5)=63/37、平均重量分子量73000分散
度3.3を合成した。この得られたポリマーをシリ
コンベンゾニトリルを用いてシリコンウエハー上
に塗布して厚さ0.6μmの均一な塗布膜を得た。加
速電圧20KeVで電子線を照射した後、N、N−
ジメチルホルムアミドで90秒現像し、イソプパノ
ールで30秒リンスしてレジストパターンを得た。
このレジストの感度は、ゲル化点で4.7×10-6C/
cm2であり、ポリアクリロニトリルに対して約19倍
の感度上昇を示していた。このように、トリオキ
サビシクロ化合物の量に依存している。得られた
パターンは、0.8μmラインアンドスペースが良好
に形成されていた。 実施例 4 実施例1と同様の方法でアクリロニトリル/ト
リオキサビシクロ化合物(R=CH3)=70/30、
平均重量分子量60000、分散度3.1を合成し、電子
線(加速電圧20KeV)に対する感度を測定した
所、ゲル化点で5.9×10-6C/cm2で、ポリアクリロ
ニトリルに対して約17倍感度は上昇していた。こ
のように、アルキル基の種類は、本質的な問題で
はない。 実施例 5 実施例3で用いたレジストをX線(Alkα線)
に適用評価したところ、ゲル化点で178mJ/cm2
とポリアクリロニトリルに比べて約15倍感度が上
昇していた。 このように、本発明のレジスト材料は、高感度
で微細レジスト像形成が可能であるので、半導体
集積回路等の高密度を要するプロセスに用いるこ
とができる。
A resist material comprising a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 1,000,000 and containing a trioxabicyclo compound represented by the following formula (where R represents an alkyl group) as a constituent element is obtained. That is, in the present invention, since the trioxabicyclo compound represented by the above formula has high sensitivity to ionizing radiation, a compound containing the above substance as a constituent has high sensitivity to ionizing radiation. That is, in the present invention, when a trioxabicyclo compound is copolymerized with acrylonitrile or the like, the sensitivity increases as shown in FIG. 1 relative to the base acrylonitrile. An increase in sensitivity means that less exposure is required, which is inversely proportional to the increase in sensitivity.
Exposure time, which is often a problem with line exposure, can be shortened. The increase in sensitivity is thought to be because the trioxabicyclo group cleaves with high sensitivity to ionizing radiation and causes a crosslinking reaction. Therefore, from the viewpoint of increasing sensitivity, the type of alkyl group is not an essential problem. In addition, sensitivity to ionizing radiation such as electron beams and X-rays increases as the molecular weight increases, but if the molecular weight is less than 1,000, the sensitivity will be insufficient, while if it is more than 1,000,000, the sensitivity will increase due to swelling that occurs during development. The molecular weight of the copolymer should be between 1000 and 1000, as resolution will be reduced and problems will also arise in dissolution and coating properties.
1000000 is preferred. Among them, weight average molecular weight 10000
~1000000 is best. Dispersion affects resolution, so from the viewpoint of resolution, the dispersion is preferably 3 or less. The user can select the most suitable copolymerization rate and molecular weight considering the required sensitivity and resolution. The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples. Example 1 Trioxabicyclo compound (R=C 2 H 5 )/acrylonitrile was charged at a molar ratio of 1/10, and N, N
-Dimethylformamide solution. A polymerization initiator, azobisisobutyronitrile, was added in an amount of 3 mol% based on the polymerization components, and the mixture was polymerized at 70°C for 24 hours. The polymer is N,
Precipitation purification was carried out twice in the N-dimethylformamide-methanol system. (Yield 45%) As a result of analysis, the obtained polymer was found to be an acrylonitrile/trioxabicyclo compound (R=C 2 H 5 )=
96/4 had an average weight molecular weight of 100,000 and a dispersity of 3.0. The obtained polymer was dissolved in benzonitrile to form a 16% solution, and the solution was passed through a 0.2 μm filter to obtain a resist solution. This was applied onto a silicon wafer using a spinner and dried by heating at 80° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a uniform coating film with a thickness of 0.5 μm. After irradiating this resist film with electron beams (acceleration voltage 20 KeV) at various exposure doses to draw a pattern,
A resist image was obtained by developing with tetrahydrofuran for 90 seconds and rinsing with isopropanol for 30 seconds. The sensitivity was 8.6×10 −6 C/cm 2 at the gel point, which was approximately 7 times higher than that of polyacrylonitrile. Example 2 Acrylonitrile/trioxabicyclo compound (R
= C 2 H 5 ) = 80/20 A copolymer with an average molecular weight of 84,000 and a dispersity of 2.8 was synthesized, and an electron beam (accelerating voltage
When we measured the sensitivity to 20KeV), it was 7.1×
10 -6 C/cm 2 and about 13 for polyacrylonitrile
It had doubled. Example 3 Same method as Example 1, only changing the amount of preparation,
An acrylonitrile/trioxabicyclo compound (R=C 2 H 5 )=63/37, average weight molecular weight 73,000, and dispersity 3.3 was synthesized. The obtained polymer was coated onto a silicon wafer using silicon benzonitrile to obtain a uniform coating film with a thickness of 0.6 μm. After irradiating with an electron beam at an accelerating voltage of 20 KeV, N, N-
A resist pattern was obtained by developing with dimethylformamide for 90 seconds and rinsing with isopropanol for 30 seconds.
The sensitivity of this resist is 4.7×10 -6 C/ at the gel point.
cm 2 and showed an approximately 19-fold increase in sensitivity compared to polyacrylonitrile. Thus, it depends on the amount of trioxabicyclo compound. The resulting pattern had well-formed 0.8 μm lines and spaces. Example 4 In the same manner as in Example 1, acrylonitrile/trioxabicyclo compound (R=CH 3 )=70/30,
When synthesized with an average weight molecular weight of 60,000 and a dispersity of 3.1, the sensitivity to electron beams (acceleration voltage of 20 KeV) was measured, and the gel point was 5.9 × 10 -6 C/cm 2 , approximately 17 times more sensitive than polyacrylonitrile. was rising. Thus, the type of alkyl group is not an essential problem. Example 5 The resist used in Example 3 was exposed to X-rays (Alkα rays)
When applied and evaluated, the gel point was 178 mJ/cm 2
The sensitivity was approximately 15 times higher than that of polyacrylonitrile. As described above, the resist material of the present invention is capable of forming fine resist images with high sensitivity, and therefore can be used in processes that require high density, such as semiconductor integrated circuits.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は、本発明に使用される有機高分子材料
においてトリオキサビシクロ化合物の割合と感度
の向上との相関を示す図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the correlation between the ratio of trioxabicyclo compound and the improvement in sensitivity in the organic polymer material used in the present invention.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 一般式 【式】 (ただしRはアルキル基を表わす) で表わされるトリオキサビシクロ化合物を構成単
位として含む重量平均分子量10000〜1000000の重
合体からなるレジスト材料。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A resist material comprising a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 1,000,000 and containing a trioxabicyclo compound represented by the general formula [Formula] (where R represents an alkyl group) as a structural unit.
JP58098292A 1983-06-02 1983-06-02 Resist material Granted JPS59223421A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58098292A JPS59223421A (en) 1983-06-02 1983-06-02 Resist material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58098292A JPS59223421A (en) 1983-06-02 1983-06-02 Resist material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59223421A JPS59223421A (en) 1984-12-15
JPH0449705B2 true JPH0449705B2 (en) 1992-08-12

Family

ID=14215845

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58098292A Granted JPS59223421A (en) 1983-06-02 1983-06-02 Resist material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59223421A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59223421A (en) 1984-12-15

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