JPH0450074A - Axle spring for railroad - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To exert a sufficient vibration damping function against the vibration in the horizontal plane by arranging elastic bodies between an inner tube and an outer tube made of a rigid material, forming multiple liquid chambers located separately in the peripheral direction between the inner and outer tubes, and communicating the liquid chambers with a throttle passage. CONSTITUTION:In an axle spring 5 inserted between the axle box of a railroad vehicle and a bogie frame 1 located on it, a rigid inner tube 7 fixed to the axle box and a rigid outer tube 8 fixed to the bogie frame 1 are connected to each other by elastic bodies 9 arranged at an interval in the peripheral direction between them. Two liquid chambers 10 surrounded by the outer tube 8 and the elastic bodies 9 are formed at separated positions in the peripheral direction between the inner and outer tubes 7, 8. Both liquid chambers 10 are connected to each other via a throttle passage 11 provided on the outside of the outer tube 8, and a liquid 12 such as ethylene glycol is filled and sealed in the throttle passage 11 and both liquid chambers 10 respectively. Two hollow spaces 13 are formed face to face in the diameter direction between two elastic bodies 9 arranged at an interval in the peripheral direction.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a railway axle spring that functions to connect an axle box for bearing a wheel axle of a railway vehicle to a bogie frame, and particularly relates to a railway axle spring that functions to connect an axle box that supports a wheel axle of a railway vehicle to a bogie frame. This will further improve the ride comfort.

(Prior Art) Conventionally known railway axle springs that connect the axle box of a railway vehicle to a bogie frame using only rubber or other elastic bodies include the so-called chevron type, and the Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-33084.
There is something disclosed in the public domain.

All of these devices support the axle box only with elastic bodies and provide anti-vibration functions not only in the vertical direction, but also in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the vehicle, making the entire device small and lightweight. In addition, it has the advantage of eliminating worn parts from the device and reducing the number of parts in the device.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, although these conventional techniques can exhibit vibration isolation function based on the deformation of the elastic body, the elastic body alone cannot produce vibrations in either direction. However, the vehicle ride comfort and stability are still unsatisfactory because the vehicle cannot exhibit a sufficient vibration damping function even with respect to vibrations.

Furthermore, in the device described in the above publication, the spring constant in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is different from the spring constant in the lateral direction, but the spring constant of the device is not only changed depending on the direction. For example, increasing the spring constant in the longitudinal direction when the vehicle starts and stops, and decreasing it during steady driving improves the ride comfort and stability of the vehicle. It is preferable to increase the

However, with this conventional technology consisting only of elastic bodies,
It is virtually impossible to make the spring constant variable over time.

The present invention advantageously solves the problems of the prior art, and provides a railway shaft spring that effectively damps vibrations in a horizontal plane, for example in the longitudinal direction of a vehicle, and improves the riding comfort of the vehicle; To provide a shaft spring for railways that can further improve the ride comfort of a vehicle and provide running stability of the vehicle by changing the spring constant over time in response to deformation in a specific direction in a horizontal plane. be.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The railway shaft spring of the present invention has an elastic body made of rubber, synthetic resin material, etc. disposed between the inner and outer cylinders made of a rigid material, and an elastic body made of rubber, a synthetic resin material, etc. In this method, a plurality of liquid chambers are separated from each other in the circumferential direction, and a throttle passage is provided to allow the liquid chambers to communicate with each other. It is enclosed,
In addition to the above, other shaft springs are provided with a spring constant changing means that allows the spring constant in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the inner and outer cylinders to be varied over time by external operation.

(Function) This railway shaft spring has a sufficient vibration damping function against vibrations in the horizontal plane by making the liquid in the liquid chamber flow through the throttle passage and converting the vibration energy into thermal energy. This can greatly improve the ride comfort of the vehicle.

In other shaft springs equipped with a spring constant changing means, the spring constant of the shaft spring in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, for example, can be increased or decreased as appropriate by externally operating the spring constant changing means. Riding comfort and stability can be further improved by changing the spring constant when the vehicle starts and stops, and the spring constant when the vehicle is running steadily, as required.

Note that such a change in the spring constant of the shaft spring can be done by changing the dimensions of the throttle passage and reducing the amount of vibration energy loss when the spring constant changing means is a passage diameter changing means provided in the throttle passage. In addition, when the spring constant changing means is composed of an electrode provided in the throttle passage and means for applying a voltage to the electrode, by changing the voltage applied to the electrode, This can be done by varying the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid, thereby varying the flow resistance it experiences from the constriction passage.

Therefore, according to the shaft spring for railways of the present invention, it is possible to effectively isolate vibrations in each direction under the action of the elastic body, and also to improve the riding comfort of the vehicle based on the vibration damping effect. Furthermore, by changing the spring constant over time, it is possible to further improve riding comfort and driving stability.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a bogie frame, 2 is an air spring attached to the central part of the bogie frame 1 in the longitudinal direction, 3 is a wheel axle, Reference numeral 4 indicates an axle box that supports the wheel set 3 at its end portion.

Further, reference numeral 5 indicates an axle spring according to the present invention connected to each of the axle box 4 and the bogie frame 1 located above the axle box 4. The arm 6 is connected to the bogie frame 1 to elastically restrict relative displacement of the wheel set 3 with respect to the bogie frame 1, and the arm 6 of the bogie frame l
, functions to make the wheel set 3 bear the weight of the vehicle body and other objects.

Therefore, as shown in the enlarged sectional view in FIG. 2, the rigid inner cylinder 7 fixed to the arm 6 and the rigid outer cylinder 8 fixed to the bogie frame I are connected between them , are interconnected by elastic bodies 9 disposed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the outer cylinder 8 and the elastic bodies are connected to each other at positions spaced apart in the circumferential direction between the inner and outer cylinders, and at positions opposite to each other in the diametrical direction in the figure. 9 and two liquid chambers 1O are partitioned, and both liquid chambers 1
0 are interconnected through a throttle passage 11 provided on the outside of the outer cylinder 8, and the throttle passage I2 and both liquid chambers 10 are each filled with a liquid 12, which may be ethylene glycol or the like. By doing so, the axial spring 5 is constructed.

Here, the hollow spaces 13 at three locations, which are partitioned between two elastic bodies spaced apart in the circumferential direction and located opposite in the diametrical direction, act as springs against one of the horizontal external forces in orthogonal two-dimensional directions. The plurality of rigid plates 14, which function to make the constant sufficiently small, are embedded in each elastic body to extend in the axial direction of the inner and outer cylinders, and absorb the other horizontal external force in the two-dimensional direction and the external force in the vertical direction. On the other hand, the liquid I2 sealed in the liquid chamber works together with the elastic bodies 9 to make the spring constant sufficiently large, and when each elastic body 9 receives compression and tensile force in the radial direction, the length of the liquid I2 increases. And through the throttle passage 11 whose inner diameter is suitably selected, it functions to further increase the spring constant and effectively reduce the vibration energy. .

Note that when the height of the elastic body 9 is gradually increased from the outer cylinder to the inner cylinder as shown in the longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. The adhesion area of the elastic body 9 can be made substantially equal both inside and outside in the radial direction, thereby making it possible to sufficiently equalize the strain occurring in each part of the elastic body 9, thereby increasing the durability of the elastic body 9.

According to the railway shaft spring 5 configured in this manner, one of the two-dimensional horizontal external forces orthogonal to each other is applied in a direction that expands and contracts each of the hollow spaces 13 that oppose each other in the diametrical direction. The spring constant can be made sufficiently small, and the other horizontal external force can be
By applying pressure and tension to each elastic body 9 in the radial direction, the spring constant can be made sufficiently large, as also mentioned above, and the spring constant can be increased based on the flow of the liquid 12. It can provide a further increase in constant and excellent vibration damping function.

By the way, in such an axial spring, the spring characteristics and vibration damping characteristics can be appropriately selected as required by changing the liquid 12 or its flow conditions. This can be done very easily and effectively if spring constant changing means is provided to change the flow conditions according to the running conditions while the vehicle is running.

In other words, it is preferable for a railway vehicle to have spring characteristics that are hard when the vehicle starts and stops, soft during steady running, and especially soft when making sharp turns. liquid chamber 10
In order to make it possible to change the spring constant in response to a horizontal external force in the longitudinal direction as required, the throttle passage 11 of - which brings the two fluid chambers 10 into communication with each other is arranged so as to face the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. On the way, - as an example of a spring constant changing means.
A solenoid valve 15 is provided, and opening and closing of the throttle passage 11 based on the opening/closing operation of the solenoid valve 15 provides a low spring constant and a high spring constant as required, respectively. It is possible to realize the characteristics.

Here, by arranging one or two solenoid valves in one or two throttle passages, for example,
If the passage can be changed into three stages: closed, partially open, and fully open, the throttle passage 12 is closed when the vehicle starts and stops, is partially opened during steady driving, and then suddenly opened. By fully opening the spring when turning, the negative axial spring can provide three types of spring characteristics depending on each driving condition.

Thus, here, a solenoid valve is provided to change the spring constant in the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle, and by operating the solenoid valve according to the running condition of the vehicle, it is possible to achieve the desired results that suit various running conditions. In addition, the vibration damping characteristics of the shaft spring can be changed as appropriate.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the illustrated examples, and the liquid sealed in the liquid chamber is an electrorheological fluid, and the spring constant changing means is constituted by an electrode provided in the throttle passage and a means for applying voltage to the electrode. In this case, the spring constant and vibration damping characteristics of the axial spring can be adjusted steplessly by changing the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid by changing the voltage applied to the electrode and eventually the electrorheological fluid. I can do it.

Further, according to the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned arrangement, the plurality of liquid chambers that communicate with each other via the throttle passages are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and/or at intervals in the left-right direction of the railway vehicle. By forming the spring constants in these directions, the spring constants in those directions can be similarly changed as appropriate.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, this shaft spring exhibits an excellent vibration damping function based on the flow of the liquid sealed in the liquid chamber through the throttle passage, and is transmitted to the vehicle. The ride comfort and stability of the vehicle can be greatly improved.

In addition, the shaft spring provided with the spring constant changing means of the present invention achieves the above-mentioned effects by providing spring characteristics and vibration damping characteristics depending on the running condition of the vehicle under the action of the spring constant changing means. It is possible to realize further improvement in effectiveness.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an enlarged main part. ■...Bogie frame 3... Wheel axle 4... Axle box 5... Axle spring 6... Arm
7... Rigid inner cylinder 8... Rigid outer cylinder
9...Elastic body 10...Liquid chamber 1
1... Throttle passage 12... Liquid 15
···solenoid valve. Fig. 1 f-m--chi 3--wheel shaft 4-1--axis j# 5-11 axis I! "Ne6--7-m

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A railway shaft spring that interconnects an axle box that supports a wheel axle of a railway vehicle and a bogie frame located above the axle box, comprising an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, and the like. an elastic body disposed between the inner and outer cylinders, a plurality of liquid chambers partitioned between the inner and outer cylinders and spaced apart in the circumferential direction thereof, a throttle passage that brings these liquid chambers into communication with each other, and a liquid chamber. A railway shaft spring comprising a chamber and a liquid sealed in a throttle passage. 2. A railway axle spring that interconnects an axle box that supports a wheel axle of a railway vehicle and a bogie frame located above the axle box, the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, and the space between the inner and outer cylinders. The provided elastic body, a plurality of liquid chambers partitioned between the inner and outer cylinders and located apart in the circumferential direction thereof, a throttle passage that brings these liquid chambers into communication with each other, and a throttle passage that connects the liquid chamber and the throttle passage. A shaft spring for railways comprising a sealed liquid and a spring constant changing means for varying the spring constant in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the inner and outer cylinders. 3. The railway shaft spring according to claim 2, wherein the spring constant changing means is a means for changing a spring constant in the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle. 4. The spring constant changing means is provided in the throttle passage.
The railway shaft spring according to claim 2 or 3, which serves as passageway changing means. 5. The railway shaft spring according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the liquid is an electrorheological fluid, and the spring constant changing means is constituted by an electrode provided in the throttle passage and means for applying a voltage to the electrode. .