JPH0452692A - automatic performance device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable automatic performance which is rich in musicality even with performance data of an inexperienced person by correcting sound volume data in performance data in a storage means according to variation of interval data and generating data when automatic sound volume control is specified in automatic performance mode. CONSTITUTION:Whether the automatic sound volume control is performed or not in the automatic performance mode is specified and when the automatic sound volume control is specified, the performance data which are stored in the performance data memory 4 by player's performance are read out, the sound volume data in the performance data are corrected according to the variation of the interval data in the performance data, and a musical sound signal generating circuit 8 for automatic performance generates a musical sound whose sound volume is controlled according to the corrected sound volume data, so even the automatic performance device which has ON/OFF states of keys as the performance data can generate variation in sound volume to perform the automatic performance which is rich in musicality.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to an automatic performance device, and more particularly to an automatic performance device that performs automatic performance while reading performance data stored in a memory.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, automatic performance devices have been known that store performance data in a memory and sequentially read the performance data from the memory in response to instructions from an operation panel to automatically perform a performance.

Some automatic performance devices of this kind store only the on/off of keys as performance data when storing performance data played by a performer in memory, and then play back this data for automatic performance. .

However, musical tones reproduced by such automatic performance devices have no change in volume and are significantly impaired in musicality.

Therefore, when storing performance data in memory, in addition to key on/off performance data, volume changes in response to key touches are also stored as data, and this data is referenced during automatic performance. A device has been developed that faithfully reproduces the performance of a person. Such an automatic performance device requires hardware and processing to detect the touch of a key, resulting in a complicated configuration and an expensive device itself.

In addition, performance data played by an unskilled performer has poor volume fluctuations, and although it is a highly functional automatic performance device that can store key touch data, it has the disadvantage of not being able to perform automatically with rich musicality. there were.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, when the performance data played by a performer is stored in the memory, only the on/off of the key is stored in the memory as the performance data, and based on this, This eliminates the drawback that automatic performance does not change the volume, which significantly impairs musicality, and also stores volume changes in response to key touches as data in addition to key on/off performance data. , devices that perform automatically based on this require hardware and processing to detect key touches, which eliminates the disadvantages of complicated configurations and expensive devices. This was developed to solve the problem that even with highly functional automatic performance devices, the performance data played by an inexperienced player has poor volume undulations, making it impossible to perform automatic performances with rich musicality. In addition to providing an inexpensive automatic performance device that can perform automatically with rich musicality without using data between touches,
To provide an automatic performance device capable of automatic performance with rich musicality even with performance data played by an inexperienced player, regardless of the presence or absence of data related to key touches.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the automatic performance device of the present invention has the following features:
Selection means for selecting recording mode or automatic performance mode;
When the recording mode is selected by the selection means, there is a storage means for storing the performance data played by the performer, and when the automatic performance mode is selected by the selection means, the performance data stored in the storage means is read out. and a musical sound generating means for generating a musical tone by the selection means, a designation means for specifying whether or not automatic volume control is to be performed when the automatic performance mode is selected by the selection means; and a volume control means for correcting the volume data included in the performance data in the storage means according to a change in pitch data and controlling the volume to be emitted when volume control is specified. It is characterized by

(Function) The present invention makes it possible to specify whether or not to perform automatic volume control in the automatic performance mode, and when automatic volume control is specified, the performer performs the performance in advance and stores it in the storage means. reads the performance data that is being played, corrects the volume data in the performance data according to changes in pitch data also included in the performance data, and generates a musical tone whose volume is controlled based on the corrected volume data. I try to do that.

As a result, even in an automatic performance device that has only key on/off data as performance data, desirable changes in volume occur and automatic performance with rich musicality can be performed. In addition, it has a simple configuration and low cost because it does not require any hardware or processing to detect key touches, unlike automatic performance devices that have volume changes in response to key touches as data in addition to key on/off performance data. It is possible to realize an automatic performance device.

Furthermore, even if the performance data is played by an inexperienced player using a highly functional automatic performance device that has data related to key touches, the undulations of volume changes are enhanced, and automatic performance with rich musicality is possible.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram of main parts of an automatic performance device according to the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a key switch circuit, which includes a key switch that opens and closes in response to the depression or release of each weight of the keyboard, and the key switch has a matrix configuration.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an operator switch circuit, which includes various switches provided on the operation panel such as a power switch, a melody selection switch, and a rhythm selection switch, as well as a mode switch for specifying an operation mode related to the features of the present invention, and this mode switch. The switch includes a switch for specifying a recording mode that becomes effective when the switch is turned on, and a switch for specifying an automatic volume control mode (none of which are shown).

3 is a microcomputer, which is composed of a CPU (central processing unit) 31, a program memory 32, and a working memory 33.

The CPU 31 operates according to a control program stored in the program memory 32 and controls each part within the apparatus.

The program memory 32 is composed of, for example, a ROM (read-only storage device). This program memory 32 includes, in addition to the above-mentioned control program, a CPU
It includes various types of fixed data necessary for the operation of 31.

The working memory 33 is composed of, for example, a RAM (rewritable storage device).

The working memory 33 defines registers and flags necessary for processing by the CPU 31, and is also provided with a buffer area for temporarily storing data. C.P.
U31 advances processing according to the states of registers and flags defined in this RAM33.

The performance data memory 4 is composed of, for example, a RAM, and stores performance data played by a player or created performance data.

When performing an automatic performance, sound is emitted based on the performance data stored in the performance data memory 4.

The function table 5 stores a function table for calculating a correction value when correcting sound volume data, which will be described later. This function table will also be explained in detail later.

The tempo oscillator 6 generates operation timing to perform automatic performance at a predetermined tempo depending on the operators on the operation panel.

The musical tone signal generation circuit 7 for the keyboard operates the key switch circuit 1 when the keyboard is operated, and generates a musical tone in response to a signal generated thereby. That is,
This is a circuit that operates when generating musical tones in a normal performance format. The output of this keyboard musical tone signal generation circuit 7 is supplied to an amplifier 9.

The automatic performance musical tone signal generation circuit 8 is connected to the performance data memory 4.
Musical tones are generated in accordance with the performance data read from the . That is, it is a circuit that operates when generating musical tones in an automatic performance mode. The output of this automatic performance musical tone signal generation circuit 8 is also supplied to an amplifier 9.

The amplifier 9 amplifies the musical tone signal output from the musical tone signal generating circuit 7 for the keyboard or the musical tone signal generating circuit 8 for automatic performance. The output of this amplifier 9 is the sound system 1
0.

The sound system 10 is composed of, for example, speakers or headphones, and is configured to output musical sounds.

In addition, the upper key switch circuit], the operator switch circuit 2
, CPU 31, program memory 32, working memory 33, performance data memory 4, function table 5, tempo oscillator 6, keyboard musical tone signal generation circuit 7, and automatic performance musical tone signal generation circuit 8 are interconnected by a bus 11. .

FIG. 2 shows the format of the performance data stored in the performance data memory 4. In FIG. 0, "N" indicates pitch (note) data and corresponds to the key number of the keyboard. This pitch data can be specified in 128 steps from 0 to 127. "V" indicates volume (velocity) data, and depending on the strength and speed of the key touch, it can be specified from O to 127.
The volume can be set in 127 levels. Note that when this volume data is zero, it means note-off, that is, a state in which no sound is output. "TJ indicates time (gate) data and specifies the sounding time or muting time. Note that the subscript represents the time series number.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which a part of a musical score is expressed using performance data in the above format. That is, the dotted half note that appears at the beginning of the measure (time i) is set to "4" as pitch data Ni depending on the pitch, a predetermined value r127J as volume data Vi, ro depending on the sounding time as time data Ti, 75J, and the quarter rest that appears at the next time i+1 is expressed as pitch data N.
The i is represented by "4" which is the same as the original pitch, the volume data Vi is represented by "0" representing note-off, and the time data Ti is represented by ro, 25J, which corresponds to the pause time. Thereafter, various musical tones are expressed using the performance data in the same manner.

FIG. 4 shows the interval number data stored in the function table 5, in which the variation ■'i is stored corresponding to the difference value DIF. Here, the difference value DIF refers to the difference between the current pitch data and the previous pitch data, and the change amount V'i refers to the amount of correction of the volume data. The details of the interval number table 5 will be described later.

Next, the operation in the above configuration will be explained.

FIG. 5 shows a main flowchart of the automatic performance device of the present invention.

Processing starts when the power is turned on or a reset operation is performed, and first, initial setting processing is performed (step SL). That is, while initializing the internal registers of the CPU 31,
The registers and flags defined in the working memory 33 are set to initial values, and the predetermined hardware errors are initialized.Next, it is checked whether the mode switch on the operation panel is turned on (step S2). ).

Here, if it is determined that the mode switch is not turned on, it is determined whether there is a key event or not, that is, whether an on or off signal is supplied from the key switch circuit 1 by operating the keyboard. is checked (step S3), and if it is determined that there is no key event, the process returns to step S2, and the following steps S2 and S
3 is repeated until the mode switch is pressed or a key event occurs.

In the waiting state, when it is determined that a key event has occurred, a sound generation/mute process is performed (step S4);
That is, when the signal sent from the key switch circuit 1 indicates that a key press event has occurred, sound generation processing is performed, and when the signal indicates that a key release event has occurred, mute processing is performed. It will be done. This sound generation or muting process is performed by transmitting performance data corresponding to key depression or key release to the keyboard musical tone signal generation circuit 7.
The musical tone signal generating circuit 7 for the keyboard generates a musical tone signal corresponding to the performance data, which is further amplified by the amplifier 9, and the sound system 10 mutes the sound from the sound emitting fork.

When the above sound generation/mute processing is completed, the process returns to step S2,
Enters wait state again. Thereafter, unless the mode switch is turned on, the sound production or mute processing will be executed every time a key event occurs.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the mode switch is turned on in the waiting state resulting from the repeated execution of steps S2 and S3, it is checked whether or not the mode is the recording mode (step S5). Then, when it is determined that the mode is recording mode, performance storage processing is executed (step S6).
. This performance storage process is a process in which performances played by the player using the keyboard are sequentially stored in the performance data memory 4 as performance data in the format shown in FIG. On this occasion,
In parallel with the above storage operation, a musical tone signal for the keyboard is generated by the musical tone signal generating circuit 7, and the sound signal is emitted by the sound system 10. When this performance storage process is completed, the process returns to step S2 and enters a waiting state. Thereafter, the performance storage process will continue unless the mode switch is turned off or the mode is changed to automatic volume control mode.

If it is determined in step S5 that the mode is not the recording mode, it is determined that the mode is automatic performance mode, and it is checked whether or not the mode is automatic volume control mode (step S7). and,
If it is determined that the automatic volume control mode is not set, normal automatic performance processing is executed (step S8), and if it is determined that the automatic volume control mode is set, the automatic volume control performance processing that is a feature of the present invention is executed. (Step S9>).

In the automatic performance process (step S8), the performance data stored in the performance data memory 4 in the previously executed performance storage process (step S6) is read out from the area specified on the operation panel to generate musical tone signals for automatic performance. The automatic performance musical tone signal generating circuit 8 generates a musical tone signal according to the performance data, which is further amplified by an amplifier 9 and is emitted by a sound system 10.

When this automatic performance processing is completed, the process returns to step S2 and enters a waiting state. Thereafter, automatic performance will continue unless the above modes are changed.

In addition, the automatic volume i! 1IJ1s performance processing (step S9), the previously executed performance storage processing (step S9)
The performance data stored in the performance data memory 4 in step 6) is read from the area specified by the operation panel, subjected to predetermined correction processing (details will be described later), and sent to the automatic performance musical tone signal generation circuit 8. A musical tone signal generation circuit 8 for automatic performance generates a musical tone signal according to the performance data, which is further amplified by an amplifier and then emitted by a sound system 10.

When this automatic volume control performance processing is completed, the process returns to step S2 and enters a waiting state. Thereafter, unless the above modes are changed, the performance with the volume automatically controlled will continue.

The operation of the above correction process will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the area LAST that stores the previous pitch data is initialized to zero (step 5IO), and then it is checked whether the volume data vi included in the performance data is zero (step 5ll). If it is determined that the volume data is zero, the correction process is terminated without performing any processing because it is in a note-off state.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the volume data Vi is not zero, a musical tone with the pitch data Ni included in the performance data corrected to a predetermined volume is emitted. That is, the current pitch data Ni
and the previous pitch data LAST is calculated (step 512). Next, in preparation for processing the next performance data, the current pitch data Ni is stored in the area LAST that stores the previous pitch data (step S13).
〉.

Then, the function table 5 is referred to using the above-mentioned difference value DIF, and the variation v'i is determined (step 514).
A predetermined number of pairs of data of F and variation V'i are stored. Next, the difference value V'i obtained from the function table 5 is added to the current volume data Vi, and Set the new volume data Vi step 515),
The series of correction processing ends.

By sending the thus corrected volume data Vi, pitch data Ni, and time data T to the automatic performance musical tone signal generation circuit 8 as performance data, automatic performance with the volume automatically controlled is possible. It becomes.

Next, a specific example of the above-mentioned volume data correction process will be described.

It is assumed that music with a melody as shown in FIG. 7 is stored in the performance data memory 4 through performance storage processing. Note that this automatic performance device is not equipped with a function to detect key touches, so the initial value of the volume data is r.
It is assumed that loOJ.

First, the performance data ① is read from the performance data memory 4. In this case, since the initial value of LAST is zero, the difference value DIF is ``64J'', and when referring to the function table shown in FIG. Since i is "0", the volume data after correction, that is, the correction value Vi, is "100".
Due to this performance data of ■, "64" is stored in LAST.

Next, the performance data ``■'' is read from the performance data memory 4. In this process, the difference value DIF becomes ``6264=-2J,'' and the change ``■'1=-54 is obtained from the function table.

Therefore, the correction value Vi is.

r　100-5=95J.

Similarly, for the performance data of ■, the difference value DIF
is r60-62=-2J, the change numerator V'1=-5'' is obtained from the function table, and the correction value Vi is rlooo-5
=95J.

Thereafter, volume data as shown in the correction value Vi11 in FIG. 8 is obtained for each performance data in the same manner. In other words, performance data with a change in volume can be obtained from performance data with no change in volume.

As described above, in the automatic performance mode, it is possible to specify whether or not to perform automatic volume control, and when automatic volume control is specified, the performer performs in advance and stores it in the performance data memory 4. A musical tone whose volume is controlled based on the corrected volume data (1) is created by reading out the performance data contained in the performance data, correcting the volume data V in this performance data according to changes in the pitch data N also included in the performance data. As a result, even an automatic performance device having only key on/off data as performance data can cause a change in volume, making it possible to perform an automatic performance with rich musicality.

In addition, unlike automatic performance devices, which have volume changes in response to key touches as data, they do not have hardware or processing to detect key touches, and are simple and inexpensive. An automatic performance device can be realized.

Furthermore, if the present invention is applied to a high-performance automatic performance device that is equipped with hardware and processing means for detecting key touches and performs automatic performances including data related to key touches,
Even with monotonous performance data played by an inexperienced performer, the undulations of volume changes are enhanced, allowing automatic performance with rich musicality.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the fourth function table is used as an example of the function table.
Although the function characteristics shown in the figure are shown, the variation with respect to the difference value DIF is not limited to this.
It is also possible to increase each value (absolute value) of i to increase the degree of change in volume. Furthermore, the rate of increase or decrease in the change amount V'i that changes according to the increase or decrease in the difference value DIF may be made larger or smaller than in the illustrated example. By changing the functions stored in the memory, automatic performances with various musical effects are possible.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an inexpensive automatic performance device that can perform automatic performances with rich musicality without using data related to key touches, and also to provide data related to key touches. To provide an automatic performance device capable of automatic performance with rich musicality even with performance data played by an inexperienced player, regardless of the presence or absence of the data.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an automatic performance device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the format of performance data of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between musical notes and performance data of the present invention. Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a function table of the present invention; Figure 5 is a flowchart for explaining the overall operation of the present invention; Figure 6 is a volume data correction process of the present invention. Flow chart for explaining the operation. FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams for explaining the specific operation of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Key switch circuit, 2... Operator switch circuit (selection means, designation means), 3... Microcomputer (volume control means), 4... Performance data memory (storage means), 5. ...Function table (volume control means), 7.
. . . Musical tone signal generation circuit for keyboard, 8 . . . Musical tone signal generation circuit for automatic performance (musical tone generation means) 6 N. V. T. Nm4Vrn-I Tm-+ Nm Vm Tm T: a-1 = 1 data format' Fig. 2 Fig. 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] Selection means for selecting a recording mode or automatic performance mode; storage means for storing performance data played by a performer when the recording mode is selected by the selection means; an automatic performance device comprising musical sound generation means for reading performance data stored in the storage means and generating a musical sound when a performance mode is selected; a specification means for specifying whether or not to perform volume control; and when automatic volume control is specified by this specification means, the volume data included in the performance data in the storage means is changed according to changes in pitch data; An automatic performance device comprising a volume control means for correcting and controlling the volume to be emitted.