JPH045316A - Civil engineering work method using foaming resin - Google Patents

Civil engineering work method using foaming resin

Info

Publication number
JPH045316A
JPH045316A JP10700190A JP10700190A JPH045316A JP H045316 A JPH045316 A JP H045316A JP 10700190 A JP10700190 A JP 10700190A JP 10700190 A JP10700190 A JP 10700190A JP H045316 A JPH045316 A JP H045316A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
foaming
resin beads
resin
ground
beads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP10700190A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Motoyuki Koga
基之 古賀
Nobukatsu Ike
宣勝 池
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hakko Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hakko Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hakko Co Ltd filed Critical Hakko Co Ltd
Priority to JP10700190A priority Critical patent/JPH045316A/en
Publication of JPH045316A publication Critical patent/JPH045316A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate construction of an artificial ground by arranging a pipes in the original ground, and scattering a sand layer and a predetermined amount of foaming resin beads in the periphery of the pipee to coat those with a form thereafter, and circulating heat-generated fluid in the pipe to foam the resin beads. CONSTITUTION:The periphery of pipes 3 is filled with sand to form a sand layer 4 after arranging the pipes 3 on the original ground 1 of a slope 2, and then unfoamed resin beads 5 are scattered on the sand, a form 6 is leaned against the slope 2. The resin beads 5 are scattered in about 2.3cm thickness by using styrene resin of about 0.9mm mean grain size for the resin beads 5. Further the pipe is covered by the form 6 of about 80cm in height and 1m<2> in bottom surface. Next, foaming is performed by blowing steam of about 100 deg.C from the pipe 3 for about 15min at a flow rate of about 0.1m<3> per minute. In this way, the ground of sufficient strength further with light weight can be constructed by this foaming unit by foaming the resin beads 5 in a construction site.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【産業上の利用分野] 本発明は、発泡性樹脂を現場で必要形状に発泡させるこ
とによって、盛土2人工地盤の形成、道路の拡幅工事等
を簡便に行う土木工法に関する。 【従来の技術1 発泡樹脂の軽量性を活かして、窪地を埋めたり人工地盤
の一部とする試みが従来から行われている。 たとえば、発泡性樹脂を工場で所定形状の発泡体ブロッ
クに成形し、この発泡体ブロックを盛土しようとする原
地盤に積み上げ、表層面にコンクリート床板や壁面保護
材等を張って仕上げている。 また、内部に鉄筋等の補強材を配置して、構造的な強度
を向上させることも行われている。 このように発泡体を積み重ねて地盤を形成するとき、発
泡体ブロック相互の間にズレが生じ易い。 そこで、実開昭63−81941号公報、実開昭63−
81942号公報等においては、このズレをなくすため
、発泡体ブロックの表面に凹凸を形成し、この凹凸を噛
み合わせることが紹介されている。 また、特開昭47−19617号公報では、窪地又は路
床上にウレタン、塩化ビニル、スチレン等の未発泡樹脂
を散布した後、発泡反応を行わせて、窪地等の充填を行
うことが開示されている。 【発明が解決しようとする課題1 ところが、工場で発泡させた後の発泡体ブロックを現場
まで運搬し、所定の形状に積み上げる方式では、運搬や
取扱いに手数がかかる。たとえば、この種のブロックと
して2XIX0.5m程度の大型ブロックを使用してい
るが、このような大型のものにあっては、軽量であるに
も拘らず、運搬に人手を要する。また、その運搬は、実
質的には空気を運搬しているようなものであり、無駄が
多い。しかも、ブロックが大型になるほど、盛土等の作
業を施そうとする原地盤を平にして敷き詰められたブロ
ックとの間に隙間が形成されないようにすることが必要
となる。 他方、現場で樹脂を発泡させる特開昭49−19617
号公報記載の方法では、このような問題は解消される。 しかし、当該公報には、樹脂をどのように発泡させるか
に関して具体的に教示するところがない。ところで、単
に樹脂を発泡させるだけでは、不均一な発泡等に起因し
て発泡後の樹脂体表面が必要とする輪郭を持たないこと
が多い。 また、自由界面で発泡させると、発泡体の表面強度が充
分でなく、踏圧が加わったとき窪み等が生じ易くなる。 そこで、本発明は、現場施工の利点を活かしながら、必
要とする強度をもつ人工地盤等を形成することを目的と
する。 [課題を解決するための手段1 本発明の土木工法は、この目的を達成するため、発泡性
樹脂のビーズを原地盤に散布し、該ビーズを覆って上方
に空間部を形成する型枠を前記原地盤に配置し、前記ビ
ーズ或いは前記型枠の内部に加熱気体を注入して前記ビ
ーズを発泡させることを特徴とする。 [作   用) 本発明において、発泡性樹脂のビーズは、型枠で囲まれ
た内部空間で発泡される。そして、型枠或いはビーズ内
に注入された水蒸気等の加熱気体は、発泡反応に充分使
用された後、原地盤と型枠との間の隙間から外部に放出
される。そのため、加熱気体は発泡性樹脂の発泡反応に
均一にしかも満遍なく消費される。また、発泡反応が型
枠の内部空間で行われるため、発泡中の樹脂に若干の圧
力が加わり、特に表層部において発泡体の強度が向上す
る。 本発明で使用される発泡性樹脂としては、スチレン樹脂
、フェノール樹脂、尿素樹脂、ウレタン樹脂等、各種の
ものが市販されている。発泡温度は、これら樹脂の種類
によって適宜定められるが、通常70〜200℃程度で
充分な発泡反応を進行させることができる。また、発泡
倍率の程度によって、発泡体の強度を調整することがで
きる。 発泡雰囲気を区画する型枠は、過度に加熱気体が逸散し
ない限り、ある適度の隙間をもって原地面に配置するこ
とができる。この型枠としては、発泡中の樹脂に適度の
荷重を加えることから、自由状態で樹脂を発泡させて得
られる体積よりも若干小さな容積の内部空間をもつもの
が好ましい。 型枠は、発泡反応終了後に取り外すことなく、地盤の一
構成部材として埋設させた状態で使用することも可能で
ある。或いは、発泡後に型枠を取り外し、更にその上に
未発泡の樹脂ビーズを散布し、多段に発泡体層を積み重
ねて、地盤を構築することもできる。また、このように
して形成された地盤の表面に、表土を使用して締固めを
行ってもよい。 [実 施 例] 以下、図面を参照しながら、傾斜地の造成に適用した実
施例により、本発明を具体的に説明する。 本実施例においては、第1図に示すように原地盤1の傾
斜面2に所定の盛土をする。このとき、原地盤の表面に
パイプ3を配設して、パイプ3の周囲に砂4を充填する
。そして、砂層4の上に適量の未発泡スチレン樹脂のビ
ーズ5を散布する。 次いで、砂層4及び樹脂ビーズ5を覆うように、型枠6
を原地盤1の傾斜面2に立てかける。型枠6と原地盤1
との間は密封する必要がなく、むしろ若干の隙間が形成
される方が好ましい。 樹脂ビーズとしては、平均粒径0.9mmのスチレン樹
脂を使用した。この樹脂は、第2図に示すように温度及
び時間との関係で発泡反応を開始し、反応終了時に発泡
倍率30〜45倍程度の発泡体に膨張し、発泡後の密度
が約0.015g/cm3となるものであった。 この樹脂ビーズを厚み2.3cmで砂層4の上に散布し
、底面積が1m2で高さ80cmの型枠6をかぶセタ。 そして、パイプ3から温度100℃の水蒸気を毎分0.
1rn3の流量で15分間吹き込み発泡反応を行わせた
。 反応終了後1発泡した樹脂は、型枠6の内部空間を隙間
なく埋め尽くしていた。このときの発泡倍率は、約35
倍であった。また、発泡反応の後期に、型枠6によって
発泡中の樹脂に圧力が加えられ、得られた発泡体の表面
は緻密であった。また、発泡体の内部も、型枠の重量及
び発泡時の加圧雰囲気によって原審化された状態となっ
ていた。 加熱時間、温度等に関して同様な発泡条件下で発泡倍率
を変更して、得られた発泡体の強度を測定した。第3図
は、その結果を示すグラフである。 なお、試験は、20℃、55%RHの雰囲気下で50X
50X50mmの試験片に対して4%の圧縮歪を与える
ときの圧縮応力値で強度を判定した。 第3図から明らかなように、発泡体の強度は、発泡倍率
が大きくなるほど低下している。しかしながら、発泡倍
率を45倍以下に抑えるとき、1゜3kg/cm2以上
の圧縮強度をもったものが得られる。この圧縮強度は、
通常の交通荷重における舗装の路面下当りの発生応力が
0.5kg/cm2以下であることを考慮するとき、充
分な踏圧強度をもった地盤が得られていることを示すも
のである。 なお、発泡倍率の下限は特に限定されるものではない。 しかし、発泡性樹脂の長所を活かした地盤を形成する上
では、圧縮強度が大きく低下しない限り、できるだけ発
泡倍率を大きく設定することが有利である。 なお、第1図の状態では、樹脂ビーズ5の発泡を1回行
わせることによって、必要とする地盤を形成している。 しかしながら、このようにして形成された地盤の上に、
更に樹脂ビーズを散布して発泡させ、多段工程で人工地
盤を形成することもできる。 第4図は、その−例を示すものであり、原地盤1に生じ
ている窪地7に工程I〜■で樹脂ビーズを発泡させて地
盤を形成した後、表土8を搗き固めた。これによって、
原地盤1と同じレベルの人工地盤が容易に形成された。 なお、この場合、各工程における樹脂ビーズの発泡は、
表面に養生シートをかけた状態で行い、発泡完了後に養
生シートを取り除き、その上に次工程の樹脂ビーズを散
布した。 【発明の効果】 以上に説明したように、本発明においては、樹脂ビーズ
の発泡を現場で行い、しかも充分な強度をもった発泡体
を得、この発泡体で地盤を構築している。そのため、従
来の発泡体ブロックを使用した工法に比較して、作業性
が格段に向上したものとなる。また、形成された地盤が
軽量であるため、盛土に起因した基礎地盤の沈下がなく
、周囲の構築物に悪影響を与えることがない。更に、側
壁等に対する負荷が軽減されるので、簡易な壁面保護材
を使用して地盤壁面を保護することが可能となる。
Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a civil engineering method for easily forming an embankment 2 artificial ground, widening a road, etc. by foaming a foamable resin into a required shape on site. Regarding. [Prior art 1] Attempts have been made to take advantage of the lightweight nature of foamed resin to fill depressions or use it as part of artificial ground. For example, foamable resin is molded into foam blocks of a predetermined shape in a factory, the foam blocks are piled up on the original ground that is to be embanked, and the surface layer is finished with concrete floor plates, wall protection materials, etc. Additionally, reinforcing materials such as reinforcing bars are placed inside to improve structural strength. When forming a foundation by stacking foams in this manner, misalignment is likely to occur between the foam blocks. Therefore, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 81941/1986, Utility Model Application No. 63-81941,
In order to eliminate this misalignment, JP-A No. 81942 and the like introduces the method of forming irregularities on the surface of the foam block and interlocking the irregularities. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 47-19617 discloses that after spraying an unfoamed resin such as urethane, vinyl chloride, or styrene onto a depression or roadbed, a foaming reaction is caused to fill the depression. ing. [Problem to be Solved by the Invention 1] However, the method of transporting the foam blocks after foaming in a factory to the site and stacking them into a predetermined shape requires a lot of effort in transportation and handling. For example, a large block of about 2XIX 0.5 m is used as this type of block, but such a large block requires manpower to transport, although it is lightweight. Furthermore, the transportation is essentially like transporting air, which is wasteful. Moreover, as the blocks become larger, it becomes necessary to flatten the original ground on which work such as embankment is to be performed so that no gaps are formed between the blocks and the laid blocks. On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 49-19617, which foams resin on-site.
The method described in the publication solves this problem. However, this publication does not specifically teach how to foam the resin. By the way, if the resin is simply foamed, the surface of the resin body after foaming often does not have the required contour due to non-uniform foaming or the like. Furthermore, if foam is formed at the free interface, the surface strength of the foam will not be sufficient, and depressions will likely occur when treading pressure is applied. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to form an artificial ground or the like having the required strength while taking advantage of the advantages of on-site construction. [Means for Solving the Problems 1] In order to achieve this objective, the civil engineering method of the present invention scatters beads of foamable resin on the original ground and installs a formwork that covers the beads and forms a space above. The method is characterized in that the beads are placed on the original ground and heated gas is injected into the beads or the mold to foam the beads. [Function] In the present invention, beads of foamable resin are foamed in an internal space surrounded by a mold. After the heated gas such as water vapor injected into the formwork or beads is sufficiently used for the foaming reaction, it is released to the outside through the gap between the original soil and the formwork. Therefore, the heated gas is consumed uniformly and evenly for the foaming reaction of the foamable resin. Furthermore, since the foaming reaction takes place in the inner space of the mold, a slight pressure is applied to the resin during foaming, which improves the strength of the foam, especially in the surface layer. Various foamable resins used in the present invention are commercially available, such as styrene resins, phenol resins, urea resins, and urethane resins. The foaming temperature is appropriately determined depending on the type of resin, but usually a sufficient foaming reaction can proceed at about 70 to 200°C. Further, the strength of the foam can be adjusted by adjusting the expansion ratio. The formwork that partitions the foaming atmosphere can be placed on the raw surface with a certain appropriate gap as long as the heated gas does not escape excessively. This formwork preferably has an internal space that is slightly smaller in volume than the volume obtained by foaming the resin in a free state, since an appropriate load is applied to the resin during foaming. The formwork can also be used in a state where it is buried as a component of the ground without being removed after the foaming reaction is completed. Alternatively, the foundation can be constructed by removing the formwork after foaming, scattering unfoamed resin beads thereon, and stacking foam layers in multiple stages. Further, the surface of the ground thus formed may be compacted using topsoil. [Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained by an example applied to the creation of a slope, with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a predetermined embankment is placed on a slope 2 of the original ground 1. At this time, a pipe 3 is placed on the surface of the original ground, and sand 4 is filled around the pipe 3. Then, an appropriate amount of unfoamed styrene resin beads 5 are sprinkled on the sand layer 4. Next, formwork 6 is placed so as to cover sand layer 4 and resin beads 5.
is placed on the slope 2 of the original ground 1. Formwork 6 and original ground 1
It is not necessary to seal the gap between the two, and it is preferable that a slight gap be formed between the two. As the resin beads, styrene resin with an average particle size of 0.9 mm was used. As shown in Figure 2, this resin starts a foaming reaction depending on the temperature and time, and at the end of the reaction it expands into a foam with an expansion ratio of about 30 to 45 times, and the density after foaming is about 0.015 g. /cm3. These resin beads are scattered on the sand layer 4 to a thickness of 2.3 cm, and a formwork 6 with a base area of 1 m2 and a height of 80 cm is covered. Then, water vapor at a temperature of 100°C is supplied from the pipe 3 at 0.00°C per minute.
The foaming reaction was carried out by blowing at a flow rate of 1rn3 for 15 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the foamed resin filled the inner space of the mold 6 without any gaps. The foaming ratio at this time is approximately 35
It was double that. Further, in the latter stage of the foaming reaction, pressure was applied to the foaming resin by the mold 6, and the surface of the resulting foam was dense. Moreover, the inside of the foam was also in a state of failure due to the weight of the formwork and the pressurized atmosphere during foaming. The strength of the obtained foam was measured under the same foaming conditions with respect to heating time, temperature, etc., while changing the expansion ratio. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results. The test was conducted at 50X in an atmosphere of 20°C and 55% RH.
The strength was determined by the compressive stress value when applying a compressive strain of 4% to a 50×50 mm test piece. As is clear from FIG. 3, the strength of the foam decreases as the expansion ratio increases. However, when the expansion ratio is suppressed to 45 times or less, a product having a compressive strength of 1.3 kg/cm2 or more can be obtained. This compressive strength is
Considering that the stress generated under the pavement surface under normal traffic loads is 0.5 kg/cm2 or less, this indicates that the ground has sufficient tread pressure strength. Note that the lower limit of the expansion ratio is not particularly limited. However, in forming a foundation that takes advantage of the advantages of foamable resin, it is advantageous to set the expansion ratio as large as possible unless the compressive strength is significantly reduced. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the required base is formed by foaming the resin beads 5 once. However, on the ground formed in this way,
Furthermore, it is also possible to form artificial ground in a multi-stage process by scattering resin beads and foaming them. FIG. 4 shows an example of this, in which resin beads were foamed in Steps I to (2) to form the ground in the depression 7 formed in the original ground 1, and then the topsoil 8 was pounded and hardened. by this,
An artificial ground at the same level as original ground 1 was easily formed. In this case, the foaming of the resin beads in each step is as follows:
This was carried out with a curing sheet placed over the surface, and after foaming was completed, the curing sheet was removed and resin beads for the next step were sprinkled on top. [Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the present invention, resin beads are foamed on-site to obtain a foam with sufficient strength, and the foundation is constructed using this foam. Therefore, workability is significantly improved compared to the conventional construction method using foam blocks. Furthermore, since the formed ground is lightweight, there is no subsidence of the foundation ground due to embankment, and there is no negative impact on surrounding structures. Furthermore, since the load on the side walls and the like is reduced, it becomes possible to protect the ground wall surface using a simple wall surface protection material.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明実施例を説明するための図、第2図は樹
脂ビーズの発泡状態を温度及び時間との関係で表したグ
ラフ、第3図は発泡体の強度を発泡倍率との関係で表し
たグラフ、第4図は本発明の他の実施例を説明するため
の図である。 1・・・原地盤     2・・・傾斜面3・・・パイ
プ     4・・・砂層5・・・樹脂ビーズ   6
・・・型枠7・・・窪地      8・・・表土特許
出願人 株式会社 ハッコー
Figure 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of the present invention, Figure 2 is a graph showing the foaming state of resin beads in relation to temperature and time, and Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the strength of the foam and the expansion ratio. The graph shown in FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Original ground 2... Slope 3... Pipe 4... Sand layer 5... Resin beads 6
... Formwork 7 ... Depression 8 ... Topsoil patent applicant Hakko Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 発泡性樹脂のビーズを原地盤に散布し、該ビーズを覆っ
て上方に空間部を形成する型枠を前記原地盤に配置し、
前記ビーズ或いは前記型枠の内部に加熱気体を注入して
前記ビーズを発泡させることを特徴とする発泡樹脂を使
用した土木工法。
Spreading beads of foamable resin on the original ground, placing a formwork on the original ground that covers the beads and forming a space above,
A civil engineering method using a foamed resin, characterized in that heated gas is injected into the beads or the formwork to foam the beads.
JP10700190A 1990-04-23 1990-04-23 Civil engineering work method using foaming resin Pending JPH045316A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10700190A JPH045316A (en) 1990-04-23 1990-04-23 Civil engineering work method using foaming resin

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10700190A JPH045316A (en) 1990-04-23 1990-04-23 Civil engineering work method using foaming resin

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH045316A true JPH045316A (en) 1992-01-09

Family

ID=14447970

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10700190A Pending JPH045316A (en) 1990-04-23 1990-04-23 Civil engineering work method using foaming resin

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH045316A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10585404B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2020-03-10 Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd. Machining time-estimating method for wire electrical discharge machine and control device for wire electrical discharge machine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10585404B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2020-03-10 Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd. Machining time-estimating method for wire electrical discharge machine and control device for wire electrical discharge machine

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