JPH0454638B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0454638B2 JPH0454638B2 JP23797983A JP23797983A JPH0454638B2 JP H0454638 B2 JPH0454638 B2 JP H0454638B2 JP 23797983 A JP23797983 A JP 23797983A JP 23797983 A JP23797983 A JP 23797983A JP H0454638 B2 JPH0454638 B2 JP H0454638B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hollow bodies
- micro
- hydrous
- hydrous explosive
- agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 nacre Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005324 oxide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KZTZJUQNSSLNAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethyl nitrate Chemical compound NCCO[N+]([O-])=O KZTZJUQNSSLNAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCXOJWUKTTTYFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony;heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Sb].[Sb] UCXOJWUKTTTYFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- PTIUDKQYXMFYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylammonium nitrate Chemical compound NC.O[N+]([O-])=O PTIUDKQYXMFYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RAESLDWEUUSRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-O aminoazanium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH3+]N.[O-][N+]([O-])=O RAESLDWEUUSRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BMYPOELGNTXHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis(4,5-dioxo-1,3,2-dioxastibolan-2-yl) oxalate Chemical compound [Sb+3].[Sb+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O BMYPOELGNTXHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005332 obsidian Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、発破の際に問題となる耐死圧性を改
良した含水爆薬組成物に関するものである。
含水爆薬は、ダイナマイトと異なり、ニトログ
リセリンのような爆発性鋭感剤を含有しないため
に気泡または発泡剤が起爆性に関して極めて重要
な役割を果していることはよく知られている。例
えば含水爆薬が深水下で静圧を受けたり、段発発
破の際に前段の爆薬によつて衝撃圧のような動圧
を受けると、気泡や発泡剤が吸縮したり破壊され
たりして雷管などによる起爆が困難となる。従つ
て、これらの問題に対して種々の気泡剤が検討さ
れた。例えば、米国特許第3773573号明細書、特
開昭54−92614号公報のように微小樹脂中空体を
用いて気泡を固定する方法が考えられたが、それ
のみでは、例えば水深10m以下のような低い静圧
に対して起爆感度を向上させ得るが、水深下数
10m以上の静圧、または発破の際に問題となる動
圧に対しては耐圧性を向上することはできなかつ
た。また、特公昭45−25798号公報のように無機
中空体（例えばガラス質微小中空球体）を用いる
と、静圧に対しては殆んど改良できるものの動圧
に対しては依然として問題を残していた。即ち、
段発発破の際、動圧による不発現象（以下、死圧
と略す）をダイナマイト並に減少させることは困
難であつた。
尚、含水爆薬とは異なるが、エマルシヨン爆薬
では特開昭56−109890号公報のように微小無機中
空体と微小樹脂中空体との混合使用例がある。し
かしながら、本例ではあくまで単独の使用例と並
列的に示されているだけであり特に本願に示すよ
うな効果は記されていない。
本発明は、含水爆薬の発泡剤に着目し、段発発
破の際に発生する死圧に対しダイナマイト並み、
またはそれ以上の耐死圧性を有する含水爆薬の開
発を目的とするものである。
即ち、本発明は、無機酸化酸塩、鋭感剤、可燃
剤、ゲル化剤、発泡剤および水からなる含水爆薬
において、発泡剤が微小無機中空体と微小樹脂中
空体の組合せからなり、且つ含水爆薬に対する微
小無機中空体の体積比（V1％）と含水爆薬に対
する微小樹脂中空体の体積比（V2％）が、10≦
V1＋V2≦40，0.2≦V2／V1≦5.0の範囲にある含
水爆薬組成物である。
即ち、不十分な耐死圧性しか与えない微小無機
中空体に微小樹脂中空体を組合せることにより、
従来より困難とされていた含水爆薬の耐死圧性を
著しく向上させることを可能にするものである。
本発明の微小無機中空体とは、例えば、ガラ
ス、シラス、アルミナ、硅砂、ケイ酸ナトリウ
ム、火山岩、真珠岩、黒曜石等から得られるもの
で、粒径は通常、500ミクロン以下であることが
必要である。また、比重は0.3〜0.43の範囲が好
ましい。一方、微小樹脂中空体とは、熱硬化性樹
脂あるいは熱可塑性樹脂からなる中空体で熱硬化
性樹脂としては、たとえばフエノール樹脂、エポ
キシ樹脂、尿素樹脂等があり、熱可塑性樹脂とし
ては、たとえばポリ塩化ビニリデン、塩化ビニリ
デン−アクリロニトリル共重合物、塩化ビニリデ
ン−メタクリル酸メチル共重合物等、塩化ビニリ
デン系の重合物、ポリスチレン、ポリメタクリル
酸メチル、ポリ塩化ビニル等ビニル系の重合物等
がある。粒径は、通常500ミクロン以下であるこ
とが必要である。
また、比重は0.03〜0.15の範囲が好ましい。
含水爆薬に対する微小無機中空体と微小樹脂中
空体の体積比率V1，V2（いずれもパーセント）に
ついては、その和V1＋V2が10〜40パーセントの
範囲にあり、且つV2／V1が0.2〜5.0が望ましい。
即ちV1＋V2が10パーセント未満では、通常使用
する爆薬の起爆感度として限界であり、40％を越
えると製造上の問題が生じる。また、V2／V1が、
0.2未満又は5.0を越えると、耐死圧性は著しく低
下する。
更に発泡剤としては５〜150ミクロンの微小無
機中空体と５〜150ミクロンの微小樹脂中空体の
組合せとし、V2／V1が0.2〜3.0の範囲内にあるこ
とが望ましく、耐死圧性を向上させるだけでな
く、起爆から定常爆轟に達する時間が極めて短か
く、又爆轟速度も非常に高い。中でもV2／V1が
小さい値となるところでは経済的にも実用性が高
く、高密度で高威力の含水爆薬を得ることができ
る。
特に微小無機中空体が、10Kg／cm2以上の耐圧性
を有し、微小樹脂中空体が炭化水素ガスを含んだ
塩化ビニリデン又は塩化ビニリデン−アクリルニ
トリル共重合物からなる中空体の場合には、ダイ
ナマイトの耐死圧性より優れた含水爆薬を得るこ
とができる。
本発明に用いられる無機酸化酸塩とは、硝酸ア
ンモニウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、硝
酸カルシウム、過塩素酸ナトリウムまたはカリウ
ム、塩素酸ナトリウムまたはカリウム等が挙げら
れる。
無機酸化酸塩の配合量は、硝酸アンモニウムが
主体であり、一般に全体の30〜70％、必要に応じ
て硝酸アンモニウム以外の無機酸化酸塩を全体の
30％以下で含有させてもよい。無機酸化酸塩の配
合量が30％未満だと酸素バランスが大きく負とな
り後ガスが悪くなり、また70％を起えると感度が
悪くなる。
本発明に用いられる鋭感剤としては、水溶性の
ヒドラジン硝酸塩、炭素数１〜３の脂肪族炭化水
素アミン硝酸塩、エタノールアミン硝酸塩、ニト
ロメタン、微粉状の金属アルミ等が挙げられる。
その中でも水溶性の鋭感剤が高爆速を得るために
好ましく、また微粉状の金属アルミを併用するこ
とにより、低温における起爆感度も著しく向上す
る。
鋭感剤の配合量は、一般に全体の５〜60％であ
り、微粉状の金属アルミニウムは、そのうち８％
以下含有させてもよい。鋭感剤の配合量が５％未
満だと感度が悪くなり、60％を越えると酸素バラ
ンスが大きく負となり後ガスが悪くなる。
本発明に用いられる可燃剤とは、酸素バランス
を調整するために加えるもので、石炭粉、ギルソ
ナイト、タイヤ粉末、イオウ等が必要に応じて用
いられる。可燃剤の配合量は、必要に応じて10％
以下含有すれば十分である。
本発明で用いられるゲル化剤は、天然グアーガ
ム、又はヒドロキシエチル、ヒドロキシプロピル
変性等のグアーガム、或いは酸化グアーガム、天
然でん粉、変性でん粉等が用いられる。更に上記
ゲル化剤成分と架橋反応を行なわせるための架橋
剤成分として、酸化ホウ素、シユウ酸アンチモ
ン、ピロアンチモン酸カリ等を挙げることができ
る。ゲル化剤の配合量は、0.5〜５％であれば十
分である。0.5％未満だと含有成分が分離するし、
また５％を越えると感度が悪くなる。
本発明の含水爆薬組成物の製造方法は、従来、
一般的に行われている含水爆薬の製造方法と何ら
異なることはない。例えば、硝酸モノメチルアミ
ン、水、硝安及び発泡体の各々を規定量混合した
溶液を30℃に加温したのち、規定量のグアーガ
ム、硝酸ナトリウムを加え、ついで規定量の金属
アルミニウム及び架橋剤を均一混合する方法であ
る。
本発明により得られた含水爆薬組成物は、段発
発破のような死圧の発生率が高い条件下に於いて
も、ダイナマイトの場合と同等又はそれ以上の耐
死圧性を示した。更に、微小無機中空体と微小樹
脂中空体の粒度を５〜150ミクロンにすることに
より、ヘス猛度及び裸爆速を著しく向上せしめる
ことがわかつた。
以下に実施例を示す。なお、本発明の砂中死圧
試験は、下記方法により測定した。
〔砂中死圧試験法〕
盛つた砂中（深さ約80cm）に、瞬発雷管と
10ms雷管を装着した爆薬包を一定距離で平行に
埋める。次に両薬包を発破器で同時に点火し、
10ms雷管を装着した爆薬包が爆発したか否かを
調べる。
尚、試験は二薬包の距離を15cmまたは20cmとす
る。参考として２号榎ダイナマイトは15cmで3/5
〜4/5である。
実施例１〜８及び比較例１〜４
含水爆薬組成物として、次に配合組成を選ん
だ。
硝酸モノメチルアミン 25.0パーセント
硝酸アンモニウム 42.0 〃
硝酸ナトリウム 15.0 〃
水 15.0 〃
金属アルミニウム粉 2.0 〃
グアーガム※
1.0 〃
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
発泡剤（外割） 表−１に示す
※グアーガム：濃化させたのち、架橋剤として
ピロアンチモン酸カリをグアガムに対して
１パーセント加える。
上記配合組成で均一に混合された含水爆薬を30
mmφのポリエチチユーブに充填包装したのち、砂
中死圧試験で評価した。その結果を表−１に示
す。
なお、表−１のV1＋V2，V2／V1は、
下記式
V1＝（ρ／ρ1）×W1
V2＝（ρ／ρ2）×W2
から計算により求める（式中、W1：含水爆薬
100gに対する微小無機中空体添加重量（ｇ）、
W2：含水爆薬100gに対する微小樹脂中空体添加
重量（ｇ）、ρ：含水爆薬の比重、ρ1：微小無機
中空体の比重、ρ2：微小樹脂中空体の比重）。
The present invention relates to a hydrous explosive composition with improved dead pressure resistance, which is a problem during blasting. It is well known that, unlike dynamite, hydrous explosives do not contain explosive sensitizers such as nitroglycerin, and therefore bubbles or blowing agents play a very important role in detonation. For example, when hydrous explosives are subjected to static pressure under deep water, or dynamic pressure such as impact pressure from the previous stage of explosives during stage blasting, air bubbles and blowing agents may be absorbed or destroyed. It becomes difficult to detonate using detonators, etc. Therefore, various foaming agents have been investigated to solve these problems. For example, methods of fixing air bubbles using micro resin hollow bodies have been considered, as described in US Pat. It can improve detonation sensitivity to low static pressure, but
It was not possible to improve the pressure resistance against static pressure of 10 m or more or dynamic pressure, which is a problem during blasting. Furthermore, if inorganic hollow bodies (e.g. glass micro hollow spheres) are used as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-25798, static pressure can be almost improved, but problems still remain with dynamic pressure. Ta. That is,
During stage blasting, it was difficult to reduce the unexploded phenomenon caused by dynamic pressure (hereinafter abbreviated as dead pressure) to the same level as with dynamite. Although different from water-containing explosives, emulsion explosives include examples of mixed use of minute inorganic hollow bodies and minute resin hollow bodies, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 109890/1983. However, this example merely shows a single usage example in parallel, and does not particularly describe the effects shown in the present application. The present invention focuses on a foaming agent for hydrous explosives, and has achieved the same level of resistance to dead pressure generated during stage blasting as dynamite.
The purpose of this project is to develop hydrous explosives with dead pressure resistance greater than or equal to that. That is, the present invention provides a hydrous explosive consisting of an inorganic oxide salt, a sensitizing agent, a combustible agent, a gelling agent, a blowing agent, and water, in which the blowing agent consists of a combination of minute inorganic hollow bodies and minute resin hollow bodies, and The volume ratio of micro inorganic hollow bodies to hydrous explosives (V 1 %) and the volume ratio of micro resin hollow bodies to hydrous explosives (V 2 %) are 10≦
The hydrous explosive composition is in the range of V 1 +V 2 ≦40, 0.2≦V 2 /V 1 ≦5.0. That is, by combining a minute resin hollow body with a minute inorganic hollow body that provides insufficient dead pressure resistance,
This makes it possible to significantly improve the dead pressure resistance of hydrous explosives, which has been considered difficult in the past. The micro inorganic hollow bodies of the present invention are obtained from, for example, glass, shirasu, alumina, silica sand, sodium silicate, volcanic rock, nacre, obsidian, etc., and the particle size usually needs to be 500 microns or less. It is. Further, the specific gravity is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 0.43. On the other hand, a micro resin hollow body is a hollow body made of a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin. Examples of the thermosetting resin include phenol resin, epoxy resin, and urea resin. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyester resin. Examples include vinylidene chloride-based polymers such as vinylidene chloride, vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, vinylidene chloride-methyl methacrylate copolymer, and vinyl-based polymers such as polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polyvinyl chloride. Particle size usually needs to be less than 500 microns. Further, the specific gravity is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.15. Regarding the volume ratios V 1 and V 2 (both percentages) of the micro inorganic hollow bodies and the micro resin hollow bodies to the hydrous explosive, the sum V 1 +V 2 is in the range of 10 to 40%, and V 2 /V 1 is preferably between 0.2 and 5.0.
That is, when V 1 +V 2 is less than 10%, there is a limit to the detonation sensitivity of normally used explosives, and when it exceeds 40%, manufacturing problems occur. Also, V 2 /V 1 is
If it is less than 0.2 or more than 5.0, the dead pressure resistance will be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the foaming agent should be a combination of micro inorganic hollow bodies of 5 to 150 microns and micro resin hollow bodies of 5 to 150 microns, and it is desirable that V 2 /V 1 be within the range of 0.2 to 3.0, and dead pressure resistance. In addition to improving the detonation, the time from initiation to steady detonation is extremely short, and the detonation speed is also extremely high. Among them, where V 2 /V 1 is a small value, it is economically practical and it is possible to obtain a high-density and high-power hydrous explosive. In particular, when the micro inorganic hollow bodies have a pressure resistance of 10 kg/cm 2 or more and the micro resin hollow bodies are hollow bodies made of vinylidene chloride or vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer containing hydrocarbon gas, Hydrous explosives with better dead pressure resistance than dynamite can be obtained. Examples of the inorganic oxidized acid salts used in the present invention include ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium or potassium perchlorate, sodium or potassium chlorate, and the like. The amount of inorganic oxide salts is mainly ammonium nitrate, generally 30 to 70% of the total, and if necessary, inorganic oxide salts other than ammonium nitrate may be added to the total amount.
It may be contained at 30% or less. If the amount of the inorganic oxide salt is less than 30%, the oxygen balance will be greatly negative and the aftergas will be bad, and if it is more than 70%, the sensitivity will be poor. Examples of the sensitizing agent used in the present invention include water-soluble hydrazine nitrate, aliphatic hydrocarbon amine nitrate having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, ethanolamine nitrate, nitromethane, fine powder metal aluminum, and the like.
Among these, water-soluble sensitizers are preferable in order to obtain a high detonation velocity, and the combined use of finely powdered metal aluminum significantly improves detonation sensitivity at low temperatures. The amount of sensitizing agent is generally 5 to 60% of the total, and fine powder metal aluminum accounts for 8% of the total amount.
The following may be included. If the amount of the sensitizer is less than 5%, the sensitivity will be poor, and if it exceeds 60%, the oxygen balance will be greatly negative and the aftergas will be bad. The combustible agent used in the present invention is added to adjust the oxygen balance, and coal powder, gilsonite, tire powder, sulfur, etc. are used as necessary. The amount of combustible agent added is 10% as necessary.
It is sufficient to contain the following. As the gelling agent used in the present invention, natural guar gum, guar gum modified with hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl, oxidized guar gum, natural starch, modified starch, etc. are used. Furthermore, examples of the crosslinking agent component for carrying out a crosslinking reaction with the gelling agent component include boron oxide, antimony oxalate, potassium pyroantimonate, and the like. It is sufficient that the gelling agent be added in an amount of 0.5 to 5%. If it is less than 0.5%, the components will separate,
Moreover, if it exceeds 5%, the sensitivity will deteriorate. The method for producing the hydrous explosive composition of the present invention has conventionally been
There is no difference from the commonly used manufacturing method for hydrous explosives. For example, a solution in which specified amounts of monomethylamine nitrate, water, ammonium nitrate, and foam are mixed is heated to 30°C, then specified amounts of guar gum and sodium nitrate are added, and then specified amounts of metallic aluminum and a crosslinking agent are uniformly added. This is a method of mixing. The hydrous explosive composition obtained according to the present invention exhibited dead pressure resistance equivalent to or higher than that of dynamite even under conditions such as stage blasting where the dead pressure generation rate is high. Furthermore, it has been found that by setting the particle size of the micro inorganic hollow bodies and the micro resin hollow bodies to 5 to 150 microns, the Hess ferocity and naked detonation speed can be significantly improved. Examples are shown below. Note that the dead pressure test in sand of the present invention was measured by the following method. [Dead pressure test method in sand] An instantaneous detonator and
Explosive packages equipped with 10ms detonators are buried in parallel at a fixed distance. Next, ignite both cartridges at the same time with a blaster,
Investigate whether an explosive package equipped with a 10ms detonator explodes. In addition, in the test, the distance between the two medicine packages was 15 cm or 20 cm. For reference, No. 2 Enoki dynamite is 15cm and 3/5
~4/5. Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 The following formulations were selected as the hydrous explosive compositions. Monomethylamine nitrate 25.0% Ammonium nitrate 42.0 〃 Sodium nitrate 15.0 〃 Water 15.0 〃 Metallic aluminum powder 2.0 〃 Guar gum* 1.0 〃 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− Foaming agent ) Shown in Table-1 *Guar gum: After thickening, add 1% of potassium pyroantimonate as a crosslinking agent to guar gum. 30% of water-containing explosives uniformly mixed with the above composition.
After filling and packaging in a mmφ polyethylene tube, it was evaluated by a dead pressure test in sand. The results are shown in Table-1. Note that V 1 + V 2 and V 2 /V 1 in Table 1 are calculated from the following formula: V 1 = (ρ/ρ 1 ) x W 1 V 2 = (ρ/ρ 2 ) x W 2 (formula Medium, W 1 : Hydrous explosive
Weight of micro inorganic hollow bodies added to 100g (g),
W 2 : Addition weight (g) of minute resin hollow bodies per 100 g of hydrous explosive, ρ: Specific gravity of hydrous explosive, ρ 1 : Specific gravity of minute inorganic hollow bodies, ρ 2 : Specific gravity of minute resin hollow bodies).
【表】【table】
【表】
実施例９〜15及び比較例５〜６
含水爆薬組成物として次の配合組成を選んだ。
エタノールアミン硝酸塩 28.0パーセント
硝酸アンモニウム 41.2 〃
硝酸カルシウム 13.0 〃
水 14.0 〃
金属アルミニウム粉 2.0 〃
グアーガム 0.7 〃
天然でん粉 1.1 〃
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
発泡剤（外割） 表−２に示す
上記配合組成で、均一に混合された含水爆薬を
30mmφのポリエチチユーブに充填包装したのち、
前述の砂中死圧試験で評価した。その結果を表−
２に示す。[Table] Examples 9 to 15 and Comparative Examples 5 to 6 The following formulations were selected as the hydrous explosive compositions. Ethanolamine nitrate 28.0% Ammonium nitrate 41.2 〃 Calcium nitrate 13.0 〃 Water 14.0 〃 Metal aluminum powder 2.0 〃 Guar gum 0.7 〃 Natural starch 1.1 〃 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− Blowing agent (External division) Hydrous explosives uniformly mixed with the above compounding composition shown in Table 2.
After filling and packaging in a 30mmφ polyethylene tube,
It was evaluated using the dead pressure test in sand described above. Table the results.
Shown in 2.
【表】【table】
Claims (1)
発泡剤および水からなる含水爆薬において、発泡
剤が500ミクロン以下の微小無機中空体と 500ミクロン以下の微小樹脂中空体との組合せ
からなり、且つ含水爆薬に対する微小無機中空体
の体積比（V1パーセント）と、含水爆薬に対す
る微小樹脂中空体の体積比（V2パーセント）が 10≦V1＋V2≦40 0.2≦V2／V1≦5.0 の範囲にあることを特徴とする含水爆薬組成物。 ２ 発泡剤が、５〜150ミクロンの微小無機中空
体と５〜150ミクロンの微小樹脂中空体との組合
せからなり、且つ含水爆薬に対する微小無機中空
体の体積比（V1パーセント）と、含水爆薬に対
する微小樹脂中空体の体積比（V2パーセント）
が 10≦V1＋V2≦40 0.2≦V2／V1≦3.0 の範囲にあることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載の含水爆薬組成物。[Claims] 1. Inorganic oxidizing acid salt, sensitizing agent, combustible agent, gelling agent,
In a hydrous explosive consisting of a blowing agent and water, the blowing agent consists of a combination of micro inorganic hollow bodies of 500 microns or less and micro resin hollow bodies of 500 microns or less, and the volume ratio of the micro inorganic hollow bodies to the hydrous explosive (V 1 A hydrous explosive composition characterized in that the volume ratio (V 2 percent) of the fine resin hollow body to the hydrous explosive is in the range of 10≦V 1 +V 2 ≦40 0.2≦V 2 /V 1 ≦5.0. . 2. The blowing agent consists of a combination of micro inorganic hollow bodies of 5 to 150 microns and micro resin hollow bodies of 5 to 150 microns, and the volume ratio of the micro inorganic hollow bodies to the hydrous explosive (V 1 %) and the hydrous explosive Volume ratio of micro resin hollow body to (V 2 %)
The hydrous explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein: 10≦V 1 +V 2 ≦40 0.2≦V 2 /V 1 ≦3.0.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23797983A JPS60131889A (en) | 1983-12-19 | 1983-12-19 | Aqueous explosive composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23797983A JPS60131889A (en) | 1983-12-19 | 1983-12-19 | Aqueous explosive composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60131889A JPS60131889A (en) | 1985-07-13 |
| JPH0454638B2 true JPH0454638B2 (en) | 1992-08-31 |
Family
ID=17023307
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23797983A Granted JPS60131889A (en) | 1983-12-19 | 1983-12-19 | Aqueous explosive composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60131889A (en) |
-
1983
- 1983-12-19 JP JP23797983A patent/JPS60131889A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60131889A (en) | 1985-07-13 |
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