JPH0456076B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0456076B2
JPH0456076B2 JP1925883A JP1925883A JPH0456076B2 JP H0456076 B2 JPH0456076 B2 JP H0456076B2 JP 1925883 A JP1925883 A JP 1925883A JP 1925883 A JP1925883 A JP 1925883A JP H0456076 B2 JPH0456076 B2 JP H0456076B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
straight
time
alkyl group
chain alkyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP1925883A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59145276A (en
Inventor
Bunzo Kyonaga
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Seiko Epson Corp
Original Assignee
Seiko Epson Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seiko Epson Corp filed Critical Seiko Epson Corp
Priority to JP1925883A priority Critical patent/JPS59145276A/en
Publication of JPS59145276A publication Critical patent/JPS59145276A/en
Publication of JPH0456076B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0456076B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は可視光に吸収を持たないネマチツク液
晶組成物に関するものであり、更に詳しくは、直
鎖アルキル基又は直鎖アルコキシ基の炭素数の和
が10以上のエステル系液晶とシクロヘキサンカル
ボン酸エステル系液晶とアシロキシ基を有するエ
ステル系液晶を共存させたネマチツク液晶混合物
で、正の誘電異方性を示すネマチツク液晶を適当
量添加することによつて、駆動電圧10V以下で少
なくともデユーテイ比1/32までの時分割駆動が十
分に行える優れた時分割特性を有する混合液晶組
成物に関する。 TN型液晶表示装置を駆動する方法としてはス
タテイツク駆動および時分割駆動が知られている
が、時分割駆動はリード取出数を少なくできるた
め、液晶セルの構造の簡素化、液晶セルと駆
動回路出力部との結合部数の軽減、駆動回路の
簡素化等の点から有利である。また、さらに大容
量の表示を行なおうとすると、いつそうリード取
出数が増大するため、デユーテイ比の小さい時分
割駆動が必要となる。 然るに時分割駆動する場合液晶との関係におい
て駆動電圧が制限されることが問題となつてい
る。例えば時分割駆動波形の選択波形を第1図a
とし、半選択波形を第1図bとし、この波形に対
応する液晶セルの電圧と光透過率との関係を第2
図に示す。但し、第2図においてグラフ1とグラ
フ2はそれぞれ選択波形イと半選択波形ロが液晶
セルに印加された時、液晶セルと観察する方向と
のなす角(視角)をそれぞれ80度と50度にした場
合の電圧と光透過率との関係を示す。また、Vth
−1とVth−2はそれぞれ光透過率30%と80%の
しきい電圧を示す。この時、時分割駆動が実用上
充分な表示コントラストと視角範囲を伴なつて行
なわれ得る駆動電圧幅Vdは Vth−1≦Vd<Vth−2 となる。 一方駆動電圧は電池電圧の経時変化あるいは回
路のバラツキ等によつても変動する。そこで駆動
電圧の変動を許容する尺度として電圧マージン
(M)式を次式の様に定義し、 M=(Vth−2)−(Vth−1)/Vc×100(%) 但し、Vcは駆動電圧で Vc=1/2{(Vth−2)+(Vth−1)} 液晶の時分割駆動に対する適正を表わすことが
できる。 ところが、一般にデユーテイ比が小さくなれば
なる程選択波形と半選択波形の実効電圧比は小さ
くなるため、Vth−1とVth−2の差は減少し、
マージン(M)も減少する。また、さらにデユー
テイ比を小さくすると Vth−1>Vth−2、かつM<0 となり、このデユーテイ比における時分割駆動は
実用上不可能となる。よつて大容量の表示を高品
質で行なうためには、より小さいデユーテイ比の
時分割駆動をより広い電圧マージンを持つて行な
い得る液晶が必要となる。 こうした観点より、従来はアゾキシ液晶を主体
とした混合液晶が用いられた。しかいアゾキシ液
晶は可視光により劣化するために、有害光をしや
断する必要から黄色フイルターが用いられてい
た。このため表示色は黄色に限定され、種々のカ
ラー表示を行なうことができなかつた。 一方黄色フイルターを必要としない非アゾキシ
液晶としては次のようなものを主体とした混合液
晶が知られている。 但し、R,R′,R″は直鎖アルキル基を示す。 又、R′とR″の炭素数の和は9以下。 しかし、これらの液晶を組み合わせた混合液晶
においては、1/16より小さいデユーテイ比の時
分割駆動を行なうと負マージンとなり、かかるデ
ユーテイ比の時分割駆動を行なうことは不可能で
あり、大容量表示には不向きであつた。 本発明の目的は、駆動電圧(0V以下でデユー
テイ比1/32までの時分割駆動が実用上十分に行
える優れた時分割特性を有する液晶組成物を提供
することにある。 本発明の他の目的は、かかる液晶組成物を用い
た大容量の表示を高品質で行ない得る液晶表示装
置を提供するにある。 本発明の更に他の目的は、かかる液晶組成物を
用いた小型化、簡素化した液晶表示装置を提供す
ることにある。 本発明の更に他の目的は、黄色フイルターを必
要としないコントラストが高く、視角範囲の広い
見易い表示装置用液晶組成物を提供するにある。 本発明は上記目的に鑑み、種々研究、検討を重
ねた結果上記目的を全て満足する液晶組成物を見
出したものである。即ち、本発明は、一般式 但し、R1は炭素数4〜7の直鎖アルキル基又
は直鎖アルコキシ基 R2は炭素数4〜8の直鎖アルキル基又
は直鎖アルコキシ基 かつR1とR2の炭素数の和は10以上。 R3は炭素数2〜6の直鎖アルキル基 R4 〃 1〜6 〃 R5 〃 3〜6 〃 R6 〃 1〜5 〃 で表わされる各群の化合物(1),(2),(3)を含有して
得られる液晶組成物に関するものである。 本発明に用いられる化合物(1),(2),(3)はいずれ
も安定であり、又アゾキシ液晶と異なり可視光域
に吸収を持たないため、光劣化防止のための黄色
フイルターを必要としない。従つて、明るい表示
を可能とするばかりでなく、種々のカラー表示に
も応用できる優れた利点を有する。 本発明において化合物(1)は主にかかる液晶組成
物を用いた液晶表示装置の時分割駆動における一
定視角でのコントラストを向上させる効果があ
り、R1とR2の炭素数の和が増大すると、上記効
果はいつそう増大するが、粘度の上昇を伴なう。 化合物(2)は主に液晶表示装置の視角範囲を広げ
る効果があり、時分割駆動における低視角側での
クロストークを起こりにくくする効果がある。 化合物(3)は化合物(1)と同様に一定視角でのコン
トラストを向上させる効果がある。 次に本発明に用いられるかかる化合物(1),(2),
(3)の具体例を第1表に示す。
The present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal composition that does not absorb visible light, and more specifically to an ester-based liquid crystal composition in which the sum of the carbon numbers of straight-chain alkyl groups or straight-chain alkoxy groups is 10 or more, and a cyclohexane carboxylic acid ester-based composition. This is a nematic liquid crystal mixture in which a liquid crystal and an ester liquid crystal having an acyloxy group coexist, and by adding an appropriate amount of nematic liquid crystal that exhibits positive dielectric anisotropy, it is possible to achieve a duty ratio of at least 1/32 at a driving voltage of 10 V or less. The present invention relates to a mixed liquid crystal composition having excellent time-division characteristics capable of sufficiently performing time-division driving. Static drive and time-division drive are known methods for driving TN-type liquid crystal display devices, but since time-division drive can reduce the number of leads, it simplifies the structure of the liquid crystal cell and reduces the output of the liquid crystal cell and drive circuit. This is advantageous in terms of reducing the number of coupling parts and simplifying the drive circuit. Furthermore, if an attempt is made to display a larger capacity, the number of read outputs will increase, and therefore time-division driving with a small duty ratio will be required. However, when time-division driving is performed, there is a problem in that the driving voltage is limited due to the relationship with the liquid crystal. For example, the selected waveform of the time division drive waveform is shown in Figure 1a.
The half-selected waveform is shown in Figure 1b, and the relationship between the voltage and light transmittance of the liquid crystal cell corresponding to this waveform is shown in Figure 2.
As shown in the figure. However, in Figure 2, graphs 1 and 2 indicate the angles (visual angles) formed between the liquid crystal cell and the viewing direction when selective waveform A and half-selective waveform B are applied to the liquid crystal cell, respectively, of 80 degrees and 50 degrees. The relationship between voltage and light transmittance is shown below. Also, Vth
-1 and Vth-2 indicate the threshold voltages at 30% and 80% light transmittance, respectively. At this time, the driving voltage width Vd that allows time-division driving to be performed with practically sufficient display contrast and viewing angle range satisfies Vth-1≦Vd<Vth-2. On the other hand, the drive voltage also fluctuates due to changes in battery voltage over time, variations in the circuit, and the like. Therefore, the voltage margin (M) formula is defined as the following formula as a measure to allow fluctuations in the drive voltage, and M = (Vth-2) - (Vth-1)/Vc x 100 (%) where Vc is the drive voltage. In terms of voltage, Vc = 1/2 {(Vth-2) + (Vth-1)} Appropriateness for time-division driving of liquid crystal can be expressed. However, in general, as the duty ratio becomes smaller, the effective voltage ratio between the selection waveform and the half-selection waveform becomes smaller, so the difference between Vth-1 and Vth-2 decreases,
The margin (M) also decreases. Furthermore, if the duty ratio is further reduced, Vth-1>Vth-2 and M<0, and time-division driving at this duty ratio becomes practically impossible. Therefore, in order to display a large capacity with high quality, a liquid crystal that can perform time-division driving with a smaller duty ratio and a wider voltage margin is required. From this point of view, conventionally, mixed liquid crystals mainly composed of azoxy liquid crystals have been used. However, since azoxy liquid crystals are degraded by visible light, yellow filters were used to block out harmful light. Therefore, the display color is limited to yellow, and various color displays cannot be performed. On the other hand, mixed liquid crystals mainly composed of the following are known as non-azoxy liquid crystals that do not require a yellow filter. However, R, R', and R'' represent a straight-chain alkyl group. Also, the sum of the carbon numbers of R' and R'' is 9 or less. However, in a mixed liquid crystal that combines these liquid crystals, time-division driving with a duty ratio smaller than 1/16 results in a negative margin, and it is impossible to perform time-division driving with such a duty ratio. It was unsuitable for me. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal composition having excellent time-division characteristics that allows practical sufficient time-division driving with a duty ratio of up to 1/32 at a driving voltage (0V or lower).Other aspects of the present invention An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that can display a large capacity with high quality using such a liquid crystal composition.A further object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that can display a large capacity and with high quality using such a liquid crystal composition. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition for a display device that does not require a yellow filter, has high contrast, and is easy to see over a wide viewing angle range. In view of the above objectives, as a result of various studies and examinations, we have discovered a liquid crystal composition that satisfies all of the above objectives. However, R 1 is a straight chain alkyl group or straight chain alkoxy group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms. R 2 is a straight chain alkyl group or straight chain alkoxy group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, and the sum of the carbon numbers of R 1 and R 2 is More than 10. R 3 is a linear alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms R 4 〃 1 to 6 〃 R 5 〃 3 to 6 〃 R 6 〃 1 to 5 〃 Compounds (1), (2), ( The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition obtained by containing 3). Compounds (1), (2), and (3) used in the present invention are all stable, and unlike azoxy liquid crystals, they do not absorb in the visible light range, so they do not require a yellow filter to prevent photodeterioration. do not. Therefore, it not only enables bright display but also has the excellent advantage of being applicable to various color displays. In the present invention, compound (1) mainly has the effect of improving the contrast at a constant viewing angle in time-division driving of a liquid crystal display device using such a liquid crystal composition, and as the sum of the carbon numbers of R 1 and R 2 increases, , the above effect increases as time goes on, but with an increase in viscosity. Compound (2) mainly has the effect of widening the viewing angle range of a liquid crystal display device, and has the effect of making crosstalk less likely to occur on the low viewing angle side in time-division driving. Compound (3), like compound (1), has the effect of improving contrast at a constant viewing angle. Next, such compounds (1), (2), used in the present invention
Specific examples of (3) are shown in Table 1.

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 一般式 但し、R1は炭素数4〜7の直鎖アルキル基又
は直鎖アルコキシ基 R2は炭素数4〜8の直鎖アルキル基又
は直鎖アルコキシ基 で表わされ、かつR1とR2の炭素数の和が10以上
である 一般式 但し、R3は炭素数2〜6の直鎖アルキル基 R4は炭素数1〜6の直鎖アルキル基 R5は炭素数3〜6の直鎖アルキル基 R6は炭素数1〜5の直鎖アルキル基 で表わされる各群の化合物(1),(2),(3)のそれぞれ
を少なくとも含有することを特徴とする液晶組成
物。
[Claims] 1. General formula However, R 1 is a straight-chain alkyl group or a straight-chain alkoxy group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, and R 2 is a straight-chain alkyl group or a straight-chain alkoxy group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, and R 1 and R 2 are General formula where the sum of carbon numbers is 10 or more However, R 3 is a straight chain alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms R 4 is a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms R 5 is a straight chain alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms R 6 is a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms 1. A liquid crystal composition comprising at least each of compounds (1), (2), and (3) of each group represented by a straight-chain alkyl group.
JP1925883A 1983-02-08 1983-02-08 liquid crystal composition Granted JPS59145276A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1925883A JPS59145276A (en) 1983-02-08 1983-02-08 liquid crystal composition

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1925883A JPS59145276A (en) 1983-02-08 1983-02-08 liquid crystal composition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59145276A JPS59145276A (en) 1984-08-20
JPH0456076B2 true JPH0456076B2 (en) 1992-09-07

Family

ID=11994403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1925883A Granted JPS59145276A (en) 1983-02-08 1983-02-08 liquid crystal composition

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59145276A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6126691A (en) * 1984-07-13 1986-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Liquid crystal composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59145276A (en) 1984-08-20

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