JPH0456567B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a deep-rooted crop harvesting machine for harvesting deep-rooted crops such as burdock and Japanese yam (yam).

More specifically, the harvester for deep-rooted crops that is the object of the present invention has two supporting plates formed in the shape of vertically long cutting blades with blades on the front edges, placed in the ground between them. A pair of supporting plates on the left and right are arranged to face each other on the left and right, with the working parts tilted toward opposite sides so that they form an inverted V shape when viewed from the front, and raised plates each having a long guide surface in the front and back are provided at the lower end of each of the left and right support plates. ,
The guiding surfaces of the support plates are installed so that they are continuous with and extend from the wall surface on the opposite side of the support plate, and the left and right support plates facing each other in an inverted V-shape are placed in the field. By passing the soil around the roots of the deep-rooted crop through the soil at the left and right root edges of the row of the deep-rooted crop, the soil around the roots of the deep-rooted crop is transferred to the left and right support plates facing each other in an inverted V-shape and the lower ends thereof. By raising the deep-rooted crops from the left and right with continuous raised plates on the left and right that extend rearward, the deep-rooted crops are lifted up, making it easier to pull out the deep-rooted crops. The present invention relates to a harvesting machine for deep-rooted crops of the type used, and to improvements to this type of harvesting machine for deep-rooted crops.

The above-mentioned type of harvester for deep-rooted crops includes a pair of support plates on the left and right that face each other in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front, and a raised plate that extends rearwardly at the lower end of the pair of support plates. When lifting the soil on both sides of the roots of deep-rooted crops from the left and right to make it easier to pull out the deep-rooted crops, if the soil in the field is clayey and compact, It works well even if the spacing between the raised plates is relatively wide, but in the case of soil that crumbles easily, such as sandy soil, the held soil collapses downward from the opposing spacing between the left and right raised plates and becomes trapped. By reducing the holding power of deep-rooted crops by soil, a problem arises in that deep-rooted crops cannot be pulled up (floated) sufficiently.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems with the deep-rooted crop harvesting machine described above, and includes a pair of left and right supporting plates facing each other in an inverted V-shape, and a pair of supporting plates continuous to the supporting plates. By raising the left and right boards,
By lifting the soil around the roots of deep-rooted crops from both sides and lifting them up, the function of making it easier to pull out deep-rooted crops can be performed accurately even in fields with sandy soil that is prone to collapse. The purpose is to provide new means for

The present invention was completed based on the knowledge obtained through various studies and experiments for the above-mentioned purpose.

In other words, a pair of support plates on the left and right that face each other in an inverted V-shape, and raised plates on the left and right that extend rearward from their respective lower ends and are continuous with the support plates, are used to support the support around the roots of deep-rooted crops. When soil is lifted from the left and right sides, and the roots of deep-rooted crops are lifted up by the rising soil, in fields with sandy soil that easily crumbles, a pair of supports on the left and right is recommended. When the soil held up by the board and the raised board rises while holding the roots of deep-rooted crops, a large amount of soil collapses downward from the lower edge of the opposing raised board. The amount of soil trapped between the supporting plate and the raising plate rapidly decreases, and the holding power of this trapped soil to the roots of deep-rooted crops disappears, making it impossible to raise the crops. At this time, if you widen the width of the left and right spacing between the pair of support plates and the raised plates that are continuous to their respective lower ends to increase the amount of soil that they can hold, the soil will be removed from the lower edge of the raised plates. Even after the collapse, the upper part of the soil that had been held in large quantities,
The soil flows into the lower edge of the heap one after another, and soil is present around the roots of deep-rooted crops. This is due to the fact that we were able to raise root-based crops.

Therefore, in the present invention, as a means for achieving the above-mentioned object, a lateral guide member is provided on the machine frame formed to be attached to a towing vehicle or a working vehicle, and this guide member is provided with a guide member in the left and right direction. Two support plates formed in the shape of vertically long cutting blades with blades that cut into the soil are arranged in a pair so as to face each other from side to side, and each support plate is supported so as to be movable left and right. An expansion/contraction mechanism is provided between the machine frame and the width of the gap between the opposing support plates so that the portions of the support plates that act underground are opposed to each other in an inverted eight shape when viewed from the front. At the lower end of each support plate, there is a raised plate formed in the shape of a plate with a blade on the front edge and a long guiding surface continuous from front to back behind the blade. the surface is continuous with the wall surface on each opposite side of the support plate,
The present invention proposes a harvesting machine for deep-rooted crops which is integrally connected and mounted so as to face each other in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front.

Next, an example of implementation will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In Fig. 1, a is a tractor, and b is a towing vehicle.
is a coupling device installed at the rear of the tractor a;
C is a harvester for deep-rooted crops that is connected to the rear of the tractor a through its connecting device b, and the tractor a and the connecting device b are shown by chain lines.

The tractor a is a normal four-wheeled riding type tractor and is equipped with a lift arm 10 at the rear of the body that is operated to raise and lower by a hydraulic device.

The coupling device b is a normal three-point hit type coupling device consisting of a top link 20 and left and right lower links 21, 21, which are connected to the rear of the body of the tractor a so as to be vertically rotatable. A lift arm 10 provided at the rear of the body of the tractor a is connected to the body of the tractor a, and the lift arm 10 is operated by a hydraulic system operated by an engine installed in the body of the tractor a to freely move up and down.

The harvesting machine c for deep-rooted crops has two guide members formed in the shape of long shaft cylinders on a machine frame 3 (mast) formed to be connected and supported by a coupling device b installed at the rear of the body of the tractor a. As shown in FIG. 2, the guide members 4, 4 are fixedly supported in parallel in the front and back with their axial directions aligned in the left-right direction, and the guide members 4, 4 are fixedly supported as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, two support plates 5, 5 each having a blade portion 50 for cutting soil on the front edge side and formed into a vertically long cutting blade shape are arranged in parallel on the upper part of each support plate 5. By fitting the joint tube parts 51, 51, they are supported so that they can be freely displaced left and right while facing each other in the left and right directions, and the support plates 5, 5
The parts that act into the ground are tilted toward opposite sides so as to face each other in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front, and furthermore, a pair of support plates 5, 5 and the machine frame 3 are mounted on the left and right sides of the support plates 5, 5.
There are a pair of side frames 30, 3 on the left and right sides of the machine frame 3.
A threaded rod 60 that is rotatably supported across the rack between 0 and 60 and has threaded portions 60a, 60a on the left and right outer ends protruding outside the side frame 30, and threaded portions 60a, 60a of the threaded rod 60. and each support plate 5, 5 by screwing it together.
An expansion/contraction mechanism 6 consisting of integrally provided female screws 61, 61 is provided. A blade portion 70 is provided on the front edge of each of the lower end portions of the left and right pair of support plates 5, 5 facing each other in an inverted V shape.
A plate-shaped raised plate 7 having a continuous longitudinally long guiding surface 7a behind the support plate 5 is installed so that the guiding surface 7a thereof extends the wall surface on the opposite side of the supporting plate 5. As shown in FIG.
are arranged to face each other on the left and right in an inverted V-shape at a predetermined interval, and the left and right support plates 5,
As shown in Fig. 3, the width d of the left and right spacing at the lower edge of the raised plates 7, 7 at the lower end of 5 is somewhat wider than the width of the left and right sides of the roots of the deep-rooted crop W grown in the field. Further, the raised plates 7, 7 are arranged so that their guide surfaces 7a face rearward and gradually rise as shown in FIG.

The illustrated embodiment is a harvester configured for digging up burdock, and the upper and lower portions of the parts that act into the soil of a pair of left and right supporting plates 5, 5 facing each other in an inverted V shape are shown in the figure. The length is approximately 30cm, and
The inclination angle of the portions of the support plates 5, 5 that act into the soil and the inclination angle θ of the guiding surfaces 7a, 7a of the raised plates 7, 7 with respect to the horizontal plane are set to approximately 60 degrees.

In addition, in the means of the present invention, the expansion/contraction mechanism 6 provided between the support plates 5, 5 and the machine frame 3 is a hexagonal nut portion 62 provided on the circumferential surface of the intermediate portion of the threaded rod 60 in the embodiment.
It is a turnbuckle type in which the support plates 5, 5 are moved in opposite directions by fitting a tool into the screw rod 60 and moving the support plates 5, 5 in opposite directions, but a hydraulic jack type using a hydraulic cylinder or a guide member is used. 4
A plurality of engagement holes are provided in series in the axial direction, and an engagement hole corresponding to one of the engagement holes is provided in the fitting cylinder part 51, and the fitting cylinder part 51 is moved. The engagement hole of the fitting tube 51 is selected and overlapped with one of the engagement holes provided in the guide member 4, and the engagement pin is passed through them to position the fitting tube 51 at a desired position. It may be configured as appropriate, such as by fixing the engagement pin and replacing it.

Further, in the illustrated example device, 8, 8 is a rod-shaped lead tool provided so as to extend rearward from the rear end of each raised plate 7, 7, and is designed to hold root vegetables without holding soil. act.

The embodiment device constructed in this manner operates as follows.

When harvesting deep-rooted crops, the deep-rooted crop harvesting machine C is equipped with a raised plate 7 extending rearward at the lower end thereof, and is mounted on left and right sides facing each other in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front. As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the pair of support plates 5, 5 move through the soil on both sides of the deep-rooted crops W cultivated in rows in the field. Let it work.

This guides the raised plates 7, 7 that are continuous with the opposite wall surfaces of the left and right pair of support plates 5, 5, which face each other in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front, and the lower ends of each of the support plates 5, 5. The soil G is held around the roots of the deep-rooted crop W located between the surfaces 7a and 7a from the left and right by the left and right support plates 5, 5 facing each other in an inverted V shape, and is guided backwards. As it is gradually raised by the raised plates 7, 7, it moves upward while forming a space Y below the raised plates 7, 7, as shown in FIG. At the same time, the rising soil G holds the roots of deep-rooted crops and causes them to rise together.

At this time, if the soil of the field where the deep-rooted crop W is cultivated is sandy soil that easily collapses, the expansion/contraction mechanism 6 is operated to widen the distance d between the pair of left and right supporting plates 5, 5.

As a result, when the harvesting machine C is operated in a predetermined state, the pair of support plates 5, 5 on the left and right and the raised plates 7, 7 continuous to their lower end sides are able to generate a large amount of material within their opposing spacing. I started to hold onto earth G. For this reason, this held soil G is guided backward as the aircraft advances and gradually rises, causing it to collapse from the lower edge portion of the opposing gap d between the left and right raised plates 7, 7. When this happens, a large amount of soil G held between the supporting plates 5, 5 and the raised plates 7, 7, which are facing upward and expanding in an inverted V-shape, sequentially flows downward. The lower edges of the opposing spacing d between the left and right raised plates 7, 7, where the soil has collapsed, are constantly filled with soil flowing down from above, and this allows the soil to be held in from the left and right. G maintains the state in which the roots of the deep-rooted crop W are held, and the roots of the deep-rooted crop W gradually rise upward.

As explained above, in the deep-rooted crop harvesting machine according to the present invention, a lateral guide member 4 is provided on the machine frame 3 formed to be attached to a towing vehicle or a working vehicle. Two supporting plates 5, 5 formed in the shape of vertically long cutting blades each having a blade portion 50 for cutting into the soil are arranged in a pair so as to face each other from side to side, and are supported so as to be movable left and right respectively. , an expansion/contraction mechanism 6 is provided between the support plates 5, 5 and the machine frame 3 for adjusting the width d of the opposing gap between the support plates 5, 5. The supporting plates 5, 5 are provided with a blade part 70 on the front edge at the lower end of each of the support plates 5, 5. The raised plate 7 is formed into a plate shape with continuous long guiding surfaces 7a in the front and back, and the guiding surfaces 7a of the raised plate 7 are continuous with the wall surfaces on each opposing side of the support plate 5, so that the raised plate 7 has an inverted V-shape when viewed from the front. The expansion/contraction mechanism 6 is integrally connected and mounted so as to face the
, a pair of left and right supporting plates 5,
5 and continuous raised plates 7, 7 at their lower ends.
By widening the opposing distance d, the amount of soil held by the supporting plates 5, 5 and the raising plates 7, 7 is increased, so that when the held soil G moves backward and rises, Even if the soil begins to collapse from the lower end, a large amount of soil from above will concentrate and flow down towards the lower end where the collapse has occurred, and will flow into the area that embraces the roots of the deep-rooted crop W. Since the soil is always packed, the soil in the field where deep-rooted crops W are cultivated is
When the soil is prone to collapse, such as sandy soil, the left and right support plates 5, 5 and the raised plates 7, 7
By widening the distance d between the two and increasing the amount of soil G to be trapped, even if the trapped soil collapses from the lower end, it can be trapped around the roots of the deep-rooted crop W. The presence of soil continues to hold the roots, and the roots begin to rise. Therefore, because the soil is prone to collapse,
The roots of the deep-rooted crops W are held in place by the soil held in by the left and right supporting plates 5, 5 and the raising plates 7, 7, and the deep-rooted crops grown in sandy fields where it is difficult to raise the soil are more efficient. You will be able to harvest it efficiently.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view showing a longitudinal section of a field when the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is in the working state, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the main parts of the same device, and Fig. 3 is the main part of the same device in the working state. FIG. Explanation of drawing symbols, a...Tractor, b...Connection device, c...Harvester for deep-rooted crops, W...Deep-rooted crops, G...Soil, Y...Space, 10...Lift arm, 20 ...Top link, 21...Lower link, 3...Machine frame (mast), 30...Side frame, 4...
... Guide member, 5 ... Support plate, 50, 70 ... Blade section, 51 ... Fitting cylinder section, 6 ... Expansion/contraction mechanism, 60 ...
...Threaded rod, 60a...Threaded part, 61...Female thread,
62... Hexagonal nut part, 7... Raised plate, 7a
...Guidance surface, 8...Lead tool.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A machine frame 3 formed to be attached to a towing vehicle or a work vehicle is provided with a lateral guide member 4, and this guide member 4 has a vertically long cutting blade shape having a blade portion 50 for cutting into the soil at the front edge. Two supporting plates 5, 5 formed in
5 and the machine frame 3, there is provided an expansion/contraction mechanism 6 for adjusting the width d of the opposing support plates 5, 5. The support plates 5, 5 have blades 70 on the front edges at the lower ends of the support plates 5, 5, which are inclined toward opposite sides so as to face each other in an inverted V-shape when viewed from the front, and have a long guide back and forth behind the blades 70. A raised plate 7 formed in a plate shape with a continuous surface 7a is integrally formed so that its guide surface 7a is continuous with the wall surface on each opposing side of the support plate 5 and faces in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front. A harvesting machine for deep-rooted crops that is connected to and attached to.