JPH0457933B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Objective of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention provides a method for converting a certain amount of a cooling load (for example, an air-conditioning load) or a heating load (for example, a heating load) into ice or non-ice heat storage. The present invention relates to a cooling or heating device that is provided by the heat storage amount (including the cold storage amount) of the agent.

(Conventional technology) In conventional air conditioners, a heat storage tank (cold storage tank)
The inner coil also serves as the evaporator for the refrigeration system. In this type of air conditioner, when the air conditioning load becomes large and the amount of heat storage (cool storage) is insufficient, the refrigerator is operated at the same time as the air conditioning load side is operated.
By using the coil in the heat storage tank as the evaporator of the refrigerator, the lack of heat storage was compensated for. However, at this time, since ice is attached to the coil, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerator becomes low.
As a result, the temperature difference between the condensing temperature and the evaporation temperature becomes large, the pressure ratio of the compressor becomes large, and the compression work increases, so the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator or heat pump has to become low. .

Also, in the case of heating equipment, if the heating load becomes large and the amount of heat storage is insufficient, the heat pump is operated at the same time as the load side is operated, and the coil in the heat storage tank is used as a condenser for the heat pump to store the heat. Since the temperature of the water on the load side was increased to compensate for the lack of volume, the condensing temperature of the coil increased, and as before, the temperature difference between the condensing temperature and the evaporating temperature became large, and the coefficient of performance of the heat pump was also low. I had no choice but to colander.

In addition, in air-conditioning equipment, surplus power is used to store heat or cold energy in a cold storage tank, and when the air-conditioning equipment is subjected to a load larger than that for general electricity, the load-side piping of the heat medium circuit of the air-conditioning equipment is used. There is a system in which the cold storage heat tank and the cooler are connected in parallel so that part of the load is borne by the capacity of the cold storage heat tank (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-20874). Although this air-conditioning device is useful in that it can always operate efficiently using a small-capacity device, it is still insufficient in terms of improving the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator or heat pump throughout the entire operation.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, in a refrigeration system, the lower the evaporation temperature, the lower the
The coefficient of performance will decrease. In normal building air conditioning, the temperature of the cold water supplied to the air conditioner may be about 5 to 8 degrees Celsius, but the evaporation temperature of the refrigerator is about 0 to 3 degrees Celsius to produce cold water at this temperature. On the other hand, when ice heat storage is performed, the evaporation temperature is lowered to about -5 to -15°C, and the coefficient of performance is significantly lowered. Conversely, the cold energy stored in ice cold storage is expensive energy, and can be said to have a high utility value. The present invention aims to increase the evaporation temperature and improve the coefficient of performance when operating a refrigerator due to insufficient cold storage by effectively utilizing this highly useful energy.

Another object of the present invention is to lower the condensing temperature during operation of a heat pump due to insufficient heat storage, and to improve its coefficient of performance.

The prior art has various problems as described above. The present invention solves the above problems by connecting a cold water chiller or hot water warmer to a refrigeration cycle or a heat pump cycle, and connecting a heat storage device (including a cold storage device) and a cold water chiller or hot water warmer in series to the load-side piping. The purpose of this invention is to obtain a cooling or heating device that removes .

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the cooling or heating device of the present invention has a cold water chiller or a hot water warmer connected to a refrigeration cycle or a heat pump cycle, and the cold water chiller or hot water It is constructed by connecting a warmer and a heat storage device in series to the load-side piping.

Here, the term "thermal storage device" also includes "cold storage device."

(Function) When used for cooling (air conditioning), the water that has returned from the load-side heat exchanger (air conditioner) has a high temperature and flows through the cold water chiller and cold storage tank, where it is cooled down to a predetermined temperature and then released again. sent to the air conditioner. Therefore, in the cold water chiller, there is no need to lower the temperature of the cold water too much, and therefore, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerator can be maintained high, and its coefficient of performance can be increased.

In addition, when used for heating, the water that returns from the heat exchanger (air conditioner) on the load side and has a lower temperature passes through the hot water warmer and heat storage tank, is heated, reaches a predetermined temperature, and is sent to the air conditioner again. sent to. Therefore, in the hot water warmer, there is no need to raise the hot water temperature too much, and therefore the condensing temperature of the heat pump can be maintained low, and its coefficient of performance can be increased.

(Example) A first example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The figure shows one typical temperature condition under a cooling load when the air conditioner is used for cooling. The cold water heated in the air conditioner 1, which is the load-side heat exchanger, and whose temperature has increased (15°C) flows into the cold water chiller 2a through the load-side outflow pipe 5, where it is cooled to an intermediate temperature of 10°C. This cooling effect is performed by circulating the fluid cooled in the refrigeration cycle 4a through the circulation circuit 6 to the cold water chiller 2a. The cold water coming out of the cold water chiller 2a is pipe 7.
After that, it enters the cold storage tank 3a, which is a storage tank for ice and cold water, and mixes with the cold water in the tank, becoming cold water close to 0°C and flowing into the pipe 1.
4 to the three-way valve 11. The temperature of the cold water on the outflow side of the three-way valve 11 is detected by a thermometer 12, and the electromagnetic switching device 13 is operated according to the detected temperature to adjust the three-way valve 11. The cold water whose temperature has been adjusted to a predetermined temperature of 5°C by the three-way valve 11 is returned to the air conditioner 1 by the circulation pump 16 via the inflow pipe 15 as the load side pipe.When the air conditioning load of the air conditioner 1 decreases, the cold water is returned to the cold water chiller 2a. Since the inflow temperature is lowered, the cold water chiller 2a requires less work than cooling from 15°C to 10°C, and power consumption is reduced.

According to this embodiment, the water temperature flowing out of the cold water chiller 2a can be sent to the air conditioner 1 at a low temperature of 5°C while the water temperature remains at an intermediate temperature of 10°C. The temperature of the fluid may be high, so the refrigerant evaporation temperature of the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle 4a can be maintained high, and the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator can be improved.

Cooling of the cold storage tank 3a is performed by operating the refrigeration cycle 4a using cheap late-night electricity and guiding the cooled fluid to the tank through the circulation circuit 8.
The inside of the cold storage tank 3a is maintained at 0°C.

A second embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The figure shows one typical temperature condition under a heating load when the air conditioner is used for heating. In this embodiment, 2b is a hot water warmer and 3b is a heat storage tank. 4b is a heat pump cycle, in which fluid heated to a high temperature is supplied to the hot water warmer 2b or the heat storage tank 3b, and fluid circulation circuits 6 and 8 are formed so that these can be heated. As in the case of air conditioning, heat is accumulated in the heat storage tank 3b by operating the heat pump cycle 4b using nighttime electricity.
In the case of heating, hot water (35°C) leaving the air conditioner 1 enters the hot water warmer 2b, where it is heated (40°C), further heated (50°C) in the heat storage tank 3b, and then heated to a predetermined temperature by adjusting the three-way valve 11. The water returns to the air conditioner 1 as hot water (45°C) and is used for heating purposes.

In this way, the hot water that exits the air conditioner 1 is heated in the hot water warmer 2b and the heat storage tank 3b, heated to a predetermined temperature, and sent back to the air conditioner 1, so that the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle 4b can be lowered. Therefore, the growth coefficient of the heat pump can be increased.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the case of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
However, in this embodiment, the cold energy stored in the cold storage tank 3a is not led to the cold storage tank 3a, but is passed through the pipe 29, the circulation pump 26, and the on-off valve 25 to the cold storage utilization heat exchanger 27. This heat exchanger 27
The difference is that it can be used indirectly via .

That is, the cold water (0
℃) is exchanged with the cold water (10℃) flowing out from the cold water chiller 2a and flowing in through the pipe 21 in the cold storage heat exchanger 27, and becomes 3℃ water and flowing into the pipe 28.
It returns to the cold storage tank 3a via . On the other hand, the cold water flowing in through the pipe 21 is further cooled to a predetermined temperature of 5°C.
The cold water flows out from the pipe 22 and returns to the air conditioner 1 again. At this time, the temperature of the cold water in the pipe 22 is detected by the thermometer 23, and the electromagnetic switch 24 is operated according to this detected temperature, the on-off valve 25 is operated, and the pipe 22 is
Control the cold water temperature from 2 to 5℃. When the cooling load decreases and the temperature of the cold water flowing out of the air conditioner 1 drops, the power consumption of the cold water chiller decreases as in the first embodiment.

In the case of the third embodiment, since the air conditioner side can be a closed circuit, there is an advantage that the pump power is smaller than that in an open circuit.

It should be noted that there is basically no difference in the loss of exergy (effective energy) related to the use of the cold energy stored in the cold storage tank or the heat storage tank in the above-described embodiments. The exergy of the cold water in the cold storage tank is consumed in the same amount by mixing in the first embodiment and by heat exchange in the third embodiment in order to utilize cold heat in the air conditioner.

Furthermore, the temperature conditions shown in each example are for convenience of explanation and do not have any absolute meaning.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The cooling or heating device of the present invention connects a cold water chiller or hot water warmer to a refrigeration cycle or a heat pump cycle, and connects a heat storage device (including the case of cold storage) to the cold water chiller or hot water warmer in series with the load-side piping. Accordingly, cooling or heating in the cold water chiller or hot water warmer itself can be alleviated, and the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator or heat pump can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1-3 are flow sheet diagrams of three different embodiments of the invention. 1...Air conditioner, 2a...Cold water chiller, 2b...
Hot water warmer, 3a... Cold storage tank as a heat storage device, 3b... Heat storage tank as a heat storage device, 5... Outflow piping as load side piping, 15... Inflow piping as load side piping.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cooling or heating device in which a cold water chiller or hot water warmer is connected to a refrigeration cycle or a heat pump cycle, and a heat storage device and the cold water chiller or hot water warmer are connected in series to load-side piping. 2. The cooling or heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage device has a heat storage means that uses ice or a heat storage agent other than ice. 3. Cold water or hot water returned from the load-side piping is introduced into a cold water chiller or hot water warmer through a heat storage device using ice or a heat storage agent other than ice, or the cold water or hot water returned from the load side piping is introduced into a cold water chiller or hot water warmer. The cooling or heating device according to claim 1 or 2, which is introduced into the heat storage device through the cooling or heating device.