JPH0457965A - Spinning oil for synthetic fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a synthetic fiber-spinning oil containing an alkyl phosphate ester, an aliphatic acid amide having a specific amine value, a nonionic surfactant and, if necessary, a lower alkanolamine salt in a specific ratio and giving good spinnability and excellent product touch to the synthetic fibers. CONSTITUTION:An oil for spinning synthetic fibers contains (A) 5-80wt.% of an alkyl phosphate ester, (B) 5-80wt.% of a higher fatty acid amide obtained from a polyalkylenepolyamine or alkanolamine and a 10-26C saturated fatty acid and having an all amine value of <=30, (C) 5-80wt.% of a nonionic surfactant and, if necessary, (D) 3-20wt.% of the quaternary ammonium salt of a lower alkanolamine. The component A includes compounds of formulas I and II (R is 4-18C alkyl, 4-18C alkenyl; A is oxyethylene, oxypropylene; (n) is 0-10; (l), (m)are 0-3; X is alkali metal, organic amine).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a spinning oil for synthetic fibers. More specifically, it is a spinning oil agent for synthetic fibers that can be used in the spinning or spinning process of synthetic fibers to exhibit good spinnability and spinnability, as well as to impart excellent texture to textile products after dyeing. It is something to do.

[Prior Art] Generally, in order to spin synthetic fibers well, it is necessary to impart various properties to the synthetic fibers, such as antistatic properties, cohesion properties, smoothness, and rust prevention properties.

In order to improve these performances, various spinning oils are used that combine components that provide each performance.

For example, as a component that imparts antistatic properties, alkyl phosphate salts, alkyl sulfate salts, quaternary ammonium compounds, betaine compounds, etc. are used, and as components that impart focusing properties, polyoxyalkylene phenyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether,
Polyoxyalkylene alkyl esters and the like are used.

In addition, as components for imparting smoothness, alkyl alkylates, polyhydric alcohol esters, polyalkylene gelicol alkyl esters, paraffins, α-olefins, and the like are used.

[Problems with the Prior Art] However, these conventionally known spinning oils have a narrow range of application.

For example, in the knitting process performed after the spinning process, it is necessary to impart properties such as smoothness and flexibility to the fibers, and different performance is required from that in the spinning process. Even if conventional spinning oils are used in the spinning process and exhibit good spinning performance, their effects rarely last until the setting process, and even if they last, they cannot meet the performance required in the same process. . Therefore, it is necessary to use a separate cooking oil in the knitting process.

On the other hand, textile products are preferred to have the feel of natural fiber products, and synthetic fiber products are also desired to have the same softness and smoothness as natural fiber products, but conventional spinning oils do not have the same softness and smoothness as natural fiber products. It is not possible to impart a unique texture to the product, and it is necessary to use finishing agents such as softeners and smoothing agents.

In this way, conventional spinning oils exhibit their performance only in the spinning process and have a narrow scope of application.In order to manufacture synthetic fiber products, various other oils are required, making them less economical. there were.

The present invention was developed by focusing on the above problems, and when used in the spinning or spinning process, it satisfies the performance required in each process from the knitting process to the dyed product, and has good wind resistance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a spinning oil agent for synthetic fibers, which can produce synthetic fiber products having the same properties as the synthetic fibers.

[Means for solving the problem] The inventors have solved the problem above! ! ! As a result of extensive research to solve this problem, we have discovered a composition containing an alkyl phosphate ester salt, a higher fatty acid amide compound, a nonionic surfactant, or a quaternary ammonium salt of a lower alkanolamine in a specific ratio. However, when used in the spinning process of synthetic fibers, it exhibits the performance required from the spinning process to each subsequent process, and also has a good texture! ! The present invention was based on the discovery that it is an oil agent that can be used to manufacture textile products.

That is, one of the gist of the present invention is that (A) 6-80% by weight of an alkyl phosphate ester salt, (B) 5-80% by weight of a higher fatty acid amide compound having a total amine value of 30 or less, (C) nonionic This is a spinning oil for synthetic fibers containing 5 to 80% by weight of a surfactant.

Another gist of the present invention is (A) 5-80% by weight of an alkyl phosphate ester salt, (B) 5-80% by weight of a higher fatty acid amide compound having a total amine value of 30 or less, (C) nonionic surface activity. This is a spinning oil agent for synthetic fibers containing 5 to 80% by weight of the agent and 3 to 20% by weight of (D) the quaternary ammonium salt of lower alkanolamine.

The alkyl phosphate ester salt (A) used in the present invention is:
The following general formula (1) and or (2) RO-(A) n-P
Examples include alkyl phosphate ester salts represented by -0-(A)I,X...(1)0-(A)mX. (
In formulas 1) and (2), R is preferably an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, A is an oxyethylene group and/or an oxypropylene group, n is 0 to 10.1, and m is O to 3. X is preferably an alkali metal or an organic amine.

The above alkyl phosphate ester salt is obtained by phosphoric acid esterification of an aliphatic alcohol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, an addition compound obtained by adding 1 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to the aliphatic alcohol, according to a conventional method, and then It is obtained by reacting 3 moles or less of ethyne oxide or propylene oxide depending on the situation, and then neutralizing it with an alkali metal hydroxide or an organic amine compound.

The aliphatic alcohol used here includes aliphatic alcohols having 4 to 18 carbon atoms such as butyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, heptyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, isooctyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, etc. , and synthetic higher alcohols obtained using α-olefins, n-olefins, n-paraffins, etc. as raw materials, and phosphorus compounds used in the phosphoric acid esterification reaction include phosphorus pentoxide. In the phosphoric acid esterification reaction, monoalkyl phosphates, dialkyl phosphates, and mixtures thereof are obtained, and any of these can be used. Examples of alkali metal hydroxides include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and examples of organic amine compounds include ammonia, monoethanolamine, jetanolamine, triethanolamine, and the like.

The content of the alkyl phosphate ester salt in the spinning oil for synthetic fibers of the present invention is preferably 5 to 80% by weight, and 5 to 80% by weight.
40% by weight is more preferred. If the content of the alkyl phosphate ester salt is less than 5% by weight, antistatic properties and rust prevention properties will be insufficient, and fibers may wind around the front roller during spinning.
Or, it is not possible to prevent phenomena such as rusting of the rollers. If it exceeds 80% by weight, the antistatic properties and rust prevention properties will improve, but the smoothness between the fiber and the metal will decrease, and the resulting warp! ! ! ! The texture of the product deteriorates.

The higher fatty acid amide compound (B) used in the present invention includes:
A higher fatty acid amide compound having a total amine value of 30 or less and a higher fatty acid amide compound having a total amine value of 30 or less, which is obtained by carrying out an amine-F reaction using a polyalkylene polyamine or an alkanolamine and a saturated fatty acid having 10 to 26 carbon atoms according to a conventional method. Examples of the above-mentioned compounds include higher fatty acid amide compounds which have a total amine value of 30 or less by reacting them with urea, shrimp herohydrin, etc. Also, among these amide compounds,
Those having an amine value can also be used after being neutralized with an acid. Examples of the polyalkylene polyamines include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, etc., and examples of the alkanolamines include monoethanolamine, jetanolamine, triethanolamine, N-(2 -aminoethyl)-ethanolamine, and the like. Examples of saturated fatty acids having 10 to 26 carbon atoms include lauric acid, myristic acid, valmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, and behenic acid.
These higher fatty acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The higher fatty acids that are a mixture of two or more types include fatty acids obtained by decomposing animal and vegetable oils or fats such as hydrogenated hydrogenated oils and fats obtained by hydrogenating these animal and vegetable oils using conventional methods such as high-pressure decomposition or using fat-degrading enzymes. can be mentioned. The above-mentioned higher fatty acid amide compound having a total amine value of 30 or less has excellent compatibility with the alkyl phosphate ester salt and can impart a good feel to textile products. Those having a total amine value of more than 30 are undesirable because of their low compatibility with alkyl phosphate ester salts, and it is difficult to obtain stable products and aqueous solutions.

The content of the higher fatty acid amide compound in the synthetic fiber spinning oil of the present invention is preferably 5 to 80% by weight, and 5 to 4% by weight.
0% by weight is more preferred. If the content of the higher fatty acid amide compound is less than 5% by weight, it will have little effect in imparting texture to textile products, and if it exceeds 80% by weight, it will be difficult to prevent the fibers from being electrostatically charged, and the cohesiveness between the fibers will also be insufficient. However, the conjugation power is insufficient, which is undesirable.

As the nonionic surfactant (C) used in the present invention,
Ether type nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl ether, polyoxyethylene castor oil ether, polyoxyethylene/polyoxybuC pyrene block copolymer, sorbitan fatty acid moiety Fatty acids such as esters, glycerin fatty acid partial esters, polyglycerin (degree of polymerization 2 to 10) fatty acid partial esters, pentaerythritol fatty acid partial esters, polyethylene glycol fatty acid monoesters or diesters, polypropylene glycol fatty acid monoesters or diesters, sucrose fatty acid partial esters, etc. Examples include ester type nonionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants obtained by adding ethylene oxide to partial esters of these. The polyoxyethylene group of the ether type nonionic surfactant other than the polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymer is obtained by adding ethylene oxide, and the number of moles added is preferably 5 to 50 moles, and the number of moles added is preferably 5 to 50 moles. chain length is 12 to 18 carbon atoms
is preferred. The polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymer preferably has a molecular weight of 500 to 20,000, and those having a molecular weight in the same range are used regardless of the molar ratio of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide added and the order of addition. be able to. In addition, the fatty acid group of the ester type nonionic surfactant has 12 or more carbon atoms.
The number of moles of ethylene oxide added to the partial ester is preferably 3 to 20 moles.

The content of the nonionic surfactant in the spinning oil for synthetic fibers of the present invention is preferably 5 to 80% by weight, more preferably 5 to 40% by weight. If the content is less than 5% by weight, the emulsifying power as an oil agent is weak and it is difficult to use it by emulsifying it in water, and if it exceeds 80% by weight, the effect of the higher fatty acid amide compound in imparting texture to textile products decreases. , the antistatic property also decreases.

The spinning oil for synthetic fibers of the present invention has good spinning properties by containing the above (A) alkyl phosphate ester salt, (B) higher fatty acid amide compound, and (C) nonionic surfactant in predetermined amounts. However, when it contains (D) a quaternary ammonium salt of lower alkanolamine, these properties can be improved, and especially the alkyl of (A) can be improved. The antistatic property can be further enhanced by acting additively with the phosphate ester salt.

As the quaternary ammonium salt of lower alkanolamine (D) used in the present invention, lower alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, jetanolamine, triethanolamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-ethanolamine, dimethyl sulfate, Examples include quaternary ammonium salts obtained by quaternization with diethyl sulfate.

The content of the quaternary ammonium salt is preferably 20% by weight or less, more preferably 3 to 20% by weight.

When the content exceeds 20% by weight, the antistatic property becomes high but the rust preventive property decreases.

The synthetic AM spinning oil of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned (A) alkyl phosphate ester salt, (B) a higher fatty acid amide compound, (C
) Nonionic surfactant, (D) Quaternary ammonium salt of lower alkanolamine as the main component, but if necessary, higher fatty acid alcohol ester, animal or vegetable oil, mineral oil; waxes, silicone compounds, etc. , conventionally known softeners and smoothing agents can also be blended. The blending amount is preferably 20% by weight or less.

The spinning oil for synthetic fibers of the present invention can be prepared by mixing predetermined amounts of each of the above components and uniformly dissolving the mixture.

The spinning oil agent for synthetic fibers of the present invention is used in the spinning process of synthetic fibers, and can be used in any of the following methods, including a method in which the raw yarn of synthetic fibers is treated with the oil agent and then spun, a method in which the fibers are oiled during spinning, etc. Can be adopted.

Examples of methods for treating the raw yarn include a dipping oiling method, a roller touch oiling method, a spray oiling method, and the like. Further, when refueling, it is preferable to dilute the oil agent with water and use it at a concentration of about 0.01 to 2% by weight.

The spinning oil agent for synthetic fibers of the present invention can be applied to synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, and polypropylene fibers, and exhibits good spinnability especially when used with polyacrylonitrile fibers and polyamide fibers.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
The present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof.

[Example] Compounds used in Examples, Reference Examples, and Comparative Examples are shown below. The numbers in parentheses represent abbreviations.

A. Alkyl phosphate ester salt (A-1) Hydroxyethyl octyl alcohol ether phosphate ester monoethanolamine salt (A-2) Octyl alcohol phosphate ester potassium salt (A-3) Lauryl alcohol phosphate ester jetanolamine salt (A-4) Polyoxyethylene (n=7) lauryl alcohol ether phosphate ester sodium salt (A-5)
Octyl alcohol phosphate ester monoethanolamine salt (A-6) Cetyl alcohol phosphate ester potassium salt B/Higher fatty acid amide compound The higher fatty acid amide compound was synthesized as shown below.

A reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer was charged with higher fatty acids and polyalkylene polyamines or alkanolamines shown in Table 1 in a predetermined ratio, and a dehydration reaction was carried out at 170 to 200°C for 6 hours under a nitrogen gas flow to obtain a higher fatty acid amide compound ( B-1,
3,7) were obtained. After further performing a similar amide reaction,
Add predetermined amounts of urea and epichlorohydrin to 90-13
The reaction was carried out at 0°C for 1 to 2 hours to obtain higher fatty acid amide compounds B-2, 4 to 6. Table 1 shows the synthesis conditions, total amine value, and abbreviations of each compound.

C. Nonionic surfactant (C-1) Polyoxyethylene (n=7) Lauryl ether (C-2) Polyoxyethylene (n=25) Cetyl ether Table 1 Book: Acetate (C-3) Polyoxy Ethylene (n=25) Castor oil ether (C-4) Polyoxyethylene (n=20) Nonylphenyl ether (C-5) Polyoxyethylene (n=20) Sorbitan monolauryl ester (C-6) Polyethylene glycol (MW400) Dilaurate D/lower alkanolamine quaternary ammonium salt (D
-1) N-(2-aminoethyl)ethanol diethyl sulfate (D-2) Monoethanolamine dimethyl sulfate (D-
3) Jetanolamine diethyl sulfate (Q-4) Jetanolamine dimethyl sulfate (D-5)) Jetanolamine dimethyl sulfate E/Other additives (E-1) Butyl stearate (E-2) Paraffin wax (melting point 60°C) (E-3) Octyl stearate Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 A predetermined amount of raw materials A to E shown in Table 2 was charged into a mixing pot, and 80 to
Heat to 90℃ and gradually add warm water at the same temperature to emulsify.
An emulsion with a concentration of 25% by weight was prepared and tested. Table 2 shows the types of raw materials, blending ratios, and stability of the emulsions used to prepare each synthetic fiber spinning oil. In the table, the two columns of components A-D in the 6 examples of "spinnable composition" indicate a mixture of two types. For example, in Example 1, 20% of A-1 and 20% of A-2 were used. 10%.

Next, 5 kg of acrylic cloth (2 d x 51 mm) was immersed in a 1% aqueous solution of the above oil agent (liquid temperature 60°C, 1 minute), and then adjusted using a centrifugal dehydrator so that the amount of oil agent aqueous solution impregnated was 1.5 kg. It was dried at ℃ for 1 hour and oiled (oiling rate after drying: 0.3% by weight). The oiled acrylic fabric was spun according to a conventional method (spinning process - carding process - roving process - spinning process) to obtain a spun yarn with a count of 1/40, and the spinnability was evaluated at the same time. Furthermore, using the obtained spun yarn, its texture, texture after dyeing, and knitting properties were evaluated. Table 2 shows the evaluation results for each performance.

・Evaluation test for spinnability The amount of static electricity generated during the spinning process, winding around continuous rollers, and yarn breakage during spinning were measured to evaluate spinnability.

Static electricity generation jl 2 The amount of static electricity generated in the carded web during the carding process was measured using a current collecting potential measuring device manufactured by Kasuga Denki ■.

The condition of the front roller of the spun sliver in the double-roll process of winding around the continuous roller was visually observed and evaluated.

Spinning property: The number of yarn breaks during the spinning process was measured and evaluated according to the following criteria.

◎: No yarn breakage in the spinning process O: Almost no yarn breakage in the M spinning process △: Some yarn breakage in the spinning process ×: Many yarn breakages in the spinning process - Texture evaluation test panel - 10 people The texture of the spun yarn and dyed yarn was evaluated by handling according to the following criteria.

◎: The yarn has very good flexibility Q: The yarn has good flexibility △: The yarn is a little hard and the flexibility is a little poor ×: The yarn is hard, there is some squeamishness, and the flexibility is poor In addition, dyeing of spun yarn was subject to the following conditions:

Dye: CATHILONRED manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical H
GCLH1.0%owf Relaxing dye Niospin AN 1.0%owf
pH adjuster: Vinegar* 0.5% o w f
Sodium acetate 0.5%ow f Knitting property evaluation test The spun yarn was knitted under the following conditions and evaluated.

Measuring device: Knitting tester manufactured by Material Thickness Gauge Conditions Atmosphere: 25°C, 40% RH Yarn speed: 50 cm/min, 100 m/min Yarn-to-metal friction: 3 18 gauge knitting needles, 3 locations Yarn-system friction: Two twists, two twists once, one twist [Effects of the invention] As explained above, the spinning oil for synthetic fibers of the present invention has the following properties:
Alkyl phosphate ester salt, higher fatty acid amide compound,
A product containing a nonionic surfactant or a quaternary ammonium salt of a lower alkanolamine in a specific ratio, and exhibits good spinnability and spinnability when used in the spinning process of synthetic fibers or the spinning process. Patent applicant Miyoshi Oil and Fat is capable of imparting an excellent texture to textile products after dyeing, and can simplify the process compared to conventional methods that use several types of process oils. Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. (A) 5 to 80% by weight of alkyl phosphate ester salt;
A spinning oil for synthetic fibers, comprising (B) 5 to 80% by weight of a higher fatty acid amide compound having a total amine value of 30 or less, and (C) 5 to 80% by weight of a nonionic surfactant. 2, (A) alkyl phosphate ester salt 5 to 80% by weight,
(B) 5-80% by weight of a higher fatty acid amide compound with a total amine value of 30 or less, (C) 5-80% by weight of a nonionic surfactant, (D) 3-20% by weight of a quaternary ammonium salt of a lower alkanolamine. A spinning oil agent for synthetic fibers, characterized by containing the following.