JPH0459103B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device that can automatically exchange a large number of tools used in machining in a machine tool.

[Conventional technology and its problems]

Conventional automatic tool changers as described above have problems such as extremely complicated and expensive structures, uncertain operation, and the risk of failure.

[Means for solving problems]

The automatic tool changer according to the present invention includes a spindle that is supported by a base frame 1 and that moves up and down from a lower limit machining position, through a standby position, a tool gripping position, and a chuck loosening position, to an upper limit tool exchange position. The spindle head 3 is pivoted to the base frame 1 via upper and lower parallel links, and a cam mechanism 9 provided between the spindle head 3 allows the spindle head 3 to be moved from the standby position to the chuck release position. The tool magazine unit 8 is provided with a tool magazine unit 8 that can be raised and lowered rearward and upwardly between a lower limit standby position and an upper limit tool exchange position in conjunction with the lift, and as the spindle head 3 is raised,
The tool magazine unit 8 is provided with a chuck loosening arm 22 that loosens the chuck 20 by coming into contact with a cam piece 24 fixed to the base frame 1, and the tool magazine unit 8 is operated by the parallel link and cam mechanism 9. , an elevating frame 8a that is moved rearward and upward as the spindle head 3 rises; a base end is pivotally supported by the elevating frame 8a; and a number of tool holding devices 28 are disposed at the free end. a tool magazine 26,
It also includes a motor 31 that rotates the tool magazine 26.

[Effect]

When the spindle head is raised from the processing position, through the standby position, and to the chuck loosening position, the tool mounted on the spindle head is fitted from the front into the tool holding device in the tool magazine and held. The chuck loosening arm is rotated by the cam, and the chuck is loosened.

When the spindle head is further raised, the tool magazine unit stops and only the spindle head is raised, leaving the tool in the tool magazine by means of the tool holding device.

The tool magazine is rotated by a predetermined angle to transfer the tool for the next machining to the position corresponding to the spindle head, and then, contrary to the above, when the spindle head is lowered, a new tool is attached to the spindle head. This makes it possible to perform the next process.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

A base frame 1 having a backward U-shape in plan view is attached to the front side of a column 2 erected on a substrate (not shown), and within this base frame 1, a spindle head 3 is installed.
The tool rises from the lower limit machining position shown in Fig. 1, passes through the standby position described later and the tool gripping position shown in Fig. 2, and then reaches the chuck loosening position shown in Fig. 3 and the upper limit tool shown in Fig. 4. It is supported by a motor 4 disposed at the upper front of the column 2 so as to be able to move up and down between it and the exchanger.

5 is a screw rod rotated by motor 4; 6;
are a pair of upper and lower nuts attached to the bottom wall 7 of the base frame 1 and screwed together with the screw rod 5.

8 is a tool magazine unit whose planar shape is backward facing U.
The side plate of the elevating frame 8a, which is shaped like a letter, is connected to the base frame 1.
A pair of upper and lower parallel links 11 are provided on the inner surface of the side plate of the base frame 1 and overlapped with each other with a gap between them, and the upper end is pivotally connected to the inner surface of the side plate of the base frame 1 with a pin 10. , 11, each pin 12
It is pivoted with a holder so that it can be raised and lowered, and it can also be moved slightly back and forth.

The tool magazine unit 8 is moved by the spindle head 3 and a cam mechanism 9, which will be described later, from the front and lower limit standby position shown in FIG. It can be moved rearward and upward to the tool exchange position.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cam mechanism 9 includes a swinging dog 13 provided on the lower side of the spindle head 3.
and a pin 14 protruding laterally from the lower part of the lifting frame 8a, and as shown in FIGS. It is activated by engagement between a protruding pin 15 and an arc-shaped elongated hole 16 drilled in the side surface of the lifting frame 8a.

Note that the swinging dog 1 that has been raised to the pin 14 of the tool magazine unit 8 located in the standby position
The position of the spindle head 3 (not shown) when the spindle head 3 makes contact for the first time is the standby position of the spindle head 3.

As shown in FIG. 5, a tool A is always held tightly at the bottom of the spindle head 2 by the force of a spring 17, and when a pin 18 is lowered against the spring 17, a pin 18 is inserted through a rod 19. A chuck 20 is provided which allows the tool A to be taken off and taken off.

A motor 21 is mounted on the top of the spindle head 3 to rotate the chuck 20 in the processing position.

At the rear lower part of the lifting frame 1, a central part of a chuck loosening arm 22 having a V-shaped side surface is pivotally supported, and at the upper end of a vertical piece 22a facing upward of the chuck loosening arm 22, a roller 23 is mounted. The front end of the diagonal piece 22b, which is pivoted and also faces forward and downward, can come into contact with the upper surface of the pin 18 in the chuck 20.

A cam piece 24 is fixed to the upper part of the column 2. The cam piece 24 has a rearwardly downwardly directed inclined surface 24a of the lower end that projects into the vertical movement trajectory of the column 2.

A shaft 25 facing diagonally forward and downward is provided on the lower front surface of the lifting frame 8a of the tool magazine unit 8, and a tool magazine 26 is pivotally mounted on this shaft 25.

The tool magazine 26 is attached to a mounting plate 27 in the shape of a rear plate.
The tools A are arranged on the outer periphery of the mounting plate 27 on the opposite side in the radial direction with the shaft 25 as the center.
A pair of protrusions 2 that can detachably hold the
It consists of a tool holding device 28 having 8a and 28a, a gear 29 fixed to the center of the rear surface of the mounting plate 27, and a motor 31 including a pinion 30 that meshes with the gear 29.

Next, the operation of the automatic tool changer according to the present invention will be explained.

When the spindle head 3 is raised from the processing position shown in FIG. 1 by the motor 4, the upper surface of the swinging dog 13 comes into contact with the pin 14 in the standby position.
The tool magazine unit 8 moves up to the second
As shown by arrow B in the figure, the tool holding device 28 moves slightly backward in the tool magazine 26.
is at the tool gripping position and grips tool A.

When the spindle head 3 further rises as shown by the arrow C in FIG. By contacting the chuck release arm 22, the chuck release arm 22 swings forward. Therefore, the chuck 20 is loosened and the tool A is released.

As shown in FIG. 4, at the tool change position, the tool magazine unit 8 has already stopped rising, and only the spindle head 3 has moved up, and the tool A
is left in the tool holding device 28.

Next, the motor 31 rotates the mounting plate 27 by 180° around the shaft 25 as shown by arrow D, and the tool A is replaced with the next required one.

After the tool is replaced, contrary to the above, when the spindle head 3 is lowered, the chuck 20 grips the replaced tool A, and then the tool magazine unit 8 moves forward and separates from the spindle head 3. , the next machining operation is possible.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The automatic tool changer according to the present invention can loosen the tool fastened to the chuck by raising and lowering the spindle head, and can automatically and sequentially replace the tool with the next required tool, thereby facilitating the replacement operation. And it can be done quickly.

Further, the structure is extremely simple, lightweight, and can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 4 schematically show the operating states of an embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 1 being a side view showing the machining state, and FIG. 2 showing the tool gripping state. 3 is a side view showing the chuck loosened state, FIG. 4 is a side view showing the tool changing state, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the main parts in the tool changing state shown in FIG. 4. , FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing an arm that pivotally supports the tool magazine unit, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of FIG. 6, with the upper and lower arms cut along the center line in the upper and lower parts. This is what is shown. 1...Base frame, 2...Column, 3...Spindle head, 4...Motor, 5...Screw rod, 6...Nut, 7...Bottom wall, 8...Tool magazine unit, 8a...Elevating Frame, 9...Cam mechanism, 10,1
2... Pin, 11... Link, 13... Rocking dog, 14, 15, 18... Pin, 16... Long hole,
17...Spring, 19...Rod, 20...Chuck, 21...Motor, 22...Chuck release arm,
23...Roller, 24...Cam piece, 24a...Slanted surface, 25...Shaft, 26...Tool magazine, 27
... Mounting plate, 28 ... Tool holding device, 29 ... Gear, 30 ... Pinion, 31 ... Motor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A spindle head 3 supported by a base frame 1, which moves up and down from a lower limit machining position, through a standby position, a tool gripping position, and a chuck loosening position, to an upper limit tool exchange position. It is pivoted to the base frame 1 via upper and lower parallel links, and a cam mechanism 9 provided between the spindle head 3 and the spindle head 3 allows the spindle head 3 to be raised and lowered from the standby position to the chuck release position. The tool magazine unit 8 is interlocked with the tool magazine unit 8 and is moved up and down from the lower limit standby position to the upper limit tool exchange position.
The tool magazine unit 8 is provided with a chuck loosening arm 22 that loosens the chuck 20 by coming into contact with a cam piece 24 fixed to the base frame 1, and the tool magazine unit 8 is operated by the parallel link and cam mechanism 9. , an elevating frame 8a that is moved rearward and upward as the spindle head 3 rises; a base end is pivotally supported by the elevating frame 8a; and a number of tool holding devices 28 are disposed at the free end. a tool magazine 26,
An automatic tool changer comprising: a motor 31 for rotating the tool magazine 26.