JPH0461973B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is intended for use in sliding parts of various machine tools, industrial robots, parts conveying systems, etc. from a certain reference position to another purpose. The present invention relates to a linear and curved bearing capable of linearly and/or curvedly guiding an object that needs to be moved to a position.

[Prior Art] Many linear bearings have been proposed in the past for linearly guiding an object from a reference position to a target position. It is composed of a sliding table having a substantially gate-shaped cross section with sleeves hanging down from both sides and a concave portion on the lower surface, and a single load rolling surface on the inner surface of each sleeve. , a type that can be designed with a small height dimension, and a cross section in which the bearing body that slides along the track rail has a horizontal part, sleeve parts hanging down from the left and right sides of the horizontal part, and a recessed part on the lower surface side. It consists of a sliding table that is approximately gate-shaped and has a pair of load rolling surfaces adjacent to each other on the inner surface of each sleeve, and is capable of handling loads in four directions: radial direction, reverse radial direction, and left and right horizontal directions. There are types that can be designed to load evenly or load loads mainly in the radial direction, and bearings with a roughly cross-section in which the sliding bases that make up the bearing body have a pair of adjacent load rolling surfaces. It is composed of a rectangular sliding platform half, and the track rail is composed of the corresponding sliding platform half, reducing the height dimension and simultaneously applying loads in four directions evenly. Various types have been proposed and put into practical use, such as a separate type that can be designed to obtain

On the other hand, means for guiding an object in a curved manner from a reference position to a target position has not been given much consideration in the past, and for example, in a parts conveyance system, etc., it has been considered from the viewpoint of relationships with surrounding machinery and equipment and system design. When curved guidance becomes necessary, as shown in FIG. 35, the track rail 10
1 is formed into an arc shape or a circular shape, and protrusions 102 protruding in a substantially V-shape are formed on both shoulders of the table 1. On the other hand, the sliding table 103 is a rectangular table 1.
A cam follower 105a on the outer circumferential side of the track rail 101 and a cam follower 105b on the inner circumferential side of the track rail 101 are attached to the four corners of the track rail 101, respectively, and the substantially V-shaped rolling groove 107 formed on the outer circumference of the outer ring 106 of these cam followers 105a, 105b is attached to the four corners of the track rail 101. The sliding base 10 meshes with each protrusion 102 of the track rail 101.
A curved guide device is used that guides the track 3 along the track rail 101 in a curved manner.

However, the cam followers 105a and 105b used here usually have an outer ring 10
6 is configured to rotate around the axis of the support shaft 108 via a large number of needle rollers 109 arranged in the same axial direction as the support shaft 108, and in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft 108. Although a relatively large load can be applied to a load that acts on the support shaft 108, a relatively large load can be applied to a load that acts in a direction parallel to the support shaft 108. in combination with another means of applying loads acting in parallel directions, or
Or, it is necessary to incorporate a means for that purpose.
A curve guiding device using such cam followers 105a, 105b has a problem in that the device becomes complicated.

Moreover, between the outer ring 106 of the cam followers 105a, 105b and the protrusion 102 of the track rail 101, there is a raceway surface facing diagonally upward or downward formed on the protrusion 102 side, and a raceway surface formed on the rolling groove 107 side of the outer ring 106. Slippage occurs between the formed rolling surface facing diagonally downward or diagonally upward, and the frictional resistance in this area is large, making it unsuitable for high-speed operation. If a preload is applied between each of the cam followers 105a and 105b of the cam follower 103, the frictional resistance between them will increase, so it is impossible to apply a preload for the purpose of improving the accuracy of sliding movement or improving the rigidity. However, there was a problem in that this type of curve guiding device could not be manufactured with high precision.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention has solved the problems of the conventional curve guide device using a cam follower as described above. It is possible to apply loads in four directions (left and right horizontal directions), and each ball applies the load almost equally between the load rolling surface on the bearing body side and the raceway surface on the track rail side. We proposed a curved bearing that can carry a large load and also improve the accuracy of sliding motion and rigidity by applying preload (Japanese Patent Application No. 14132/1982).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, with the progress of industrial technology in recent years, it is no longer sufficient to simply guide an object from a reference position to a target position in a straight line or in a curved manner with a constant curvature. Guide mechanisms that combine linear guides and curved guides in various ways, such as straight-curve-straight, curve-straight-curve, etc., are now required. In this case, since the bearing body that slides along the track rail is different between straight bearings and curved bearings, it is difficult to transfer objects between these straight bearings and curved bearings. If a complicated mechanical device is required for this transfer, or if it needs to be fixed to the bearing body and moved, this transfer work becomes difficult, and it is difficult to In some cases, it is necessary to assemble a complex and large-scale device, such as assembling a bearing and a curved bearing in an overlapping manner.

This invention was devised in view of this point of view, and its purpose is to take the previously proposed curved bearing one step further, and to make it possible to perform both linear and curved guidance with one bearing. In this way, even when linear guidance and curved guidance are combined for guidance from a reference position to a target position, a guiding mechanism is constructed that can smoothly guide an object without carrying out hand-over work. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bearing that can be used both in straight lines and curved lines.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the linear and curved bearing of the present invention includes a track rail having a raceway surface formed along the longitudinal direction, and a track rail that faces oppositely to the raceway surface. A bearing body equipped with an endless track having a loaded rolling surface and an unloaded circulation path that endlessly connects both ends of the loaded rolling surface; The bearing body is composed of a large number of balls that apply loads between them and the raceway surface of the track rail, and the bearing body has independent endless tracks, and the load rolling surface has a linear load area or a linear load area with a predetermined curvature. It is composed of six half-sliding platforms formed in , a sliding platform half having a linear load area and a sliding platform half having a curved loading area are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other and to face each other, and in the linear area of the track surface on the track rail side, the sliding platform half has the linear load area. The load is applied by the sliding table half having the above-mentioned curved load area, and the load is applied in the curved area of the track surface on the track rail side by the sliding table half having the curved load area. be.

In this invention, the track rail includes:
It only needs to have a raceway surface that guides the bearing body through balls, and it can be a straight track rail formed simply in a straight line, or it can be formed in an arc or circular shape with a certain curvature. It may be a curved track rail with a straight section or a modified track rail having a straight section and a curved section. Although it may be a composite type track rail constructed by combining these track rails, the curved area formed on the track surface of these track rails needs to curve in a certain direction and have a certain curvature. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the track rail may be arbitrary as long as it has track surfaces at both left and right ends, but when considering strength, etc. , which consists of a load flange and a fixing flange that protrude from the upper and lower ends of the rail base in the thickness direction of the rail base, and the height of the rail base is larger than the thickness width of the load flange. is preferred. In this case, the cross-sectional shape of the track rail is specifically formed into an I-shape or an H-shape.

Furthermore, the bearing body is composed of six sliding table halves each having an independent endless track, and a top plate member connecting these sliding table halves arranged across the track rail. , has a load rolling surface on the inner surface of each sliding table half, and has an unloaded ball passage corresponding to these loaded rolling surfaces, and is attached to both the front and rear ends of this sliding table half. , and a pair of lids each having a ball direction changing path which together forms a no-load circulation path with the no-load ball passage; A slide table half base having a pair of loaded raceway surfaces adjacent to each other on the sides and a no-load ball passage corresponding to these load raceway surfaces, and a slide table half base attached to both front and rear ends of the slide table half base. , and a pair of lids each having a ball direction changing path which together forms a no-load circulation path with the no-load ball passage. Furthermore, the above-mentioned top plate member and sliding table half are connected using a connecting means such as a bolt, but in this case, the mounting hole or through hole of the top plate member or sliding table half is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt. By forming it large, it is possible to adjust the position of the slide table halves during assembly.

Furthermore, in the linear and curved bearing of the present invention, when the bearing body is assembled into the track rail, the balls rolling on the load rolling surface fall out from the gap between the base of the slide table half and the track rail. Although it is not necessary to do so, it is preferable that the balls do not fall off even if the bearing body is separated from the track rail. As a means for this purpose, a conventionally known ball holder may be attached, but preferably a load ball groove whose opening width is at least smaller than the diameter of the ball is formed in the slide half of the bearing body, It is preferable to form a load rolling surface in this load ball groove to prevent the balls from falling off even when the bearing body is separated from the track rail. There are no particular restrictions on the means for forming such load ball grooves, but preferably the load ball grooves are formed integrally with the sliding base of the bearing body by cutting and grinding, or the load ball grooves are formed integrally with the sliding base of the bearing body. A groove with a large opening width is formed on the moving table half, and a groove forming member that reduces the opening width of the groove is attached, and a load ball groove is formed by these grooves and the groove forming member. Good.

Furthermore, the pair of load rolling surfaces may face in a direction in which they converge with each other, or, conversely, may face in a direction in which they diverge from each other.

In this invention, the load rolling surfaces of the six sliding table halves connected by the top plate are formed in a linear load area or a curved load area having a predetermined curvature. When arranging them, it is necessary to arrange a sliding table half having a linear load area and a sliding table half having a curved load area in a predetermined combination. That is, for the three sliding platform halves arranged on one side of the track rail, for example, a linear load area - a curved load area - a linear load area or a curved load area -
In the linear load area-curved load area, the sliding platform half having a linear loading area and the sliding platform half having a curved loading area are arranged adjacent to each other. Also,
The same applies to the three sliding platform halves arranged on the other side, but the pair of sliding platform halves facing each other across the track rail are sliding platform halves that have a linear load range. and a sliding platform half with a curved load range.

Furthermore, regarding the number of balls rolling in the linear load area or curved load area of each sliding table half, the size and material of the bearing formed, the size of the applied load, the size of the balls used, etc. Although it can be selected as appropriate depending on various conditions, for example, in the case of three sliding tables arranged on one side of a track rail, the load range of the sliding table halves located at both ends It is best to roughly match the total number of balls rolling through the load area of the central half of the slide table. This makes it possible to balance the number of balls carrying a load on one side of the track rail with the number of balls carrying a load on the other side, and moment loads acting in the left-right direction. The load can be applied almost equally.

In the linear and curved bearing of the present invention, regarding the curved load area formed on the sliding table half, when the bearing body is assembled, the virtual circle center is the same as the virtual circle center of the curved area formed on the track rail. This improves the contact rate of the balls rolling between the curved load area provided in the bearing body and the curved load area on the track surface on the track rail side, and each ball is distributed almost equally. It becomes possible to apply a load and the sliding movement becomes smooth.

[Function] The linear and curved bearing of the present invention has six sliding table halves whose load rolling surfaces are formed in a linear load region or a curved load region having a predetermined curvature, arranged in a predetermined combination, These are connected by a top plate to form the bearing body, so when the bearing body slides on the linear area of the track rail, the load is applied by the sliding table half having the above-mentioned linear load area, and When sliding on a curved area of a track rail, the load can be applied by the sliding platform half having the above-mentioned curved load area, thereby performing both linear guidance and curved guidance with one bearing. I can do it. Moreover, by exchanging the slide table halves, sliding motion corresponding to a track rail having a predetermined curvature becomes possible.

[Example] Hereinafter, the linear and curved bearing of the present invention will be specifically explained based on the example shown in the accompanying drawings.

◎ First Embodiment In FIGS. 1 to 9, a linear and curved bearing A1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

This bearing A1 endlessly connects a track rail 1 having a raceway surface 4 formed along the longitudinal direction, a load rolling surface 5 facing oppositely to the raceway surface 4, and both ends of this load rolling surface 5. A bearing body 2 is equipped with an endless track having a no-load circulation path 6, and a bearing body 2 that circulates within the endless track of this bearing body 2 and transfers a load between its loaded rolling surface 5 and the raceway surface 4 of the track rail 1. The main part is constituted by a large number of balls 3 that carry a load.

In this first embodiment, the bearing main body 2 connects three sets of sliding platform halves 2a facing each other with respect to the track rail 1 and each having an independent endless track, and connecting these sliding platform halves 2a to each other. The top plate member 7 is constructed between the upper surfaces of the slide table halves 2a. In this case, a pair of upper and lower load ball grooves 9 each having the load rolling surface 5 formed therein is formed on the inner surface of each sliding table half 2a.
a, 9b are formed, and each slide table half 2a has a ball groove forming a part of the no-load circulation path 6 along the longitudinal direction corresponding to the load ball grooves 9a, 9b. 3 with load ball holes 6a, 6b
A pair of sliding table half bases 2c and each sliding table half base 2
Each load ball groove 9 is attached to both the front and rear end surfaces of c.
a, 9b, and a pair of lid bodies 2b provided with a ball direction changing path 6c that communicates and connects each of the no-load ball holes 6a, 6b to form an endless circulation path 6 for the balls 3. In addition, the load ball groove 9a,
9b is formed integrally with the sliding table 2a by cutting and grinding, and its inner diameter is larger than the diameter d of the ball 3, and its opening width l is smaller than the diameter d of the ball 3. The balls 3 can freely roll along the load rolling surface 5 formed in the ball 9b, and also roll along the load rolling surface 5 even when the bearing body 2 is separated from the track rail 1. The ball 3 is designed not to fall out of the load ball grooves 9a, 9b.

Note that upper and lower load ball grooves 9a, located on the left or right side of the track rail 1, respectively,
The load rolling surfaces 5 formed in 9b are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees and face in directions converging with each other so that their surface directions intersect with each other at an angle of 90 degrees, and in the radial direction. , so that loads can be applied equally in the reverse radial direction and the left and right directions.

The sliding platform half 2a configured as described above is, for example, one sliding platform half 2a with respect to the track rail 1.
A pair of upper and lower load rolling surfaces 5 are respectively linear load area L-1d - curved load area C-1d - linear load area L-
1d, the upper and lower pair of load rolling surfaces 5 of the other sliding table half 2a are curved load area C-1d - linear load area L-1d - curved load area C-1d. The mounting bolts 8 are arranged in this order and placed on the upper surface between the slide table halves 2a.
When the bearing body 2 is assembled to the bearing body 2 by the top plate member 7 which is constructed and connected by the
-1d (curved load area C-1d) is a curved load area C formed on the loaded rolling surface 5 of the other sliding table half 2a.
-1d (linear load range L-1d). In this case, the mounting bolt 8 passing through the through hole 2d drilled in the slide table half 2a is screwed to the threaded portion of the mounting hole 7a provided in the top plate member 7, thereby assembling the slide table half 2a. . On this occasion,
By forming the diameter of the through hole 2d to be slightly larger than the diameter of the mounting bolt 8, the position of the sliding table half 2a can be adjusted during assembly.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, each load rolling surface 5 constituting the endless track of the bearing main body 2 has two linear load areas on one sliding table half 2a side. L-1d and one curved load area C-1d having a predetermined curvature are formed, and one linear load area L-1 is formed on the other slide table half 2a side.
d and two curved load areas C-1d are formed, and a linear load area L-1d and a curved load area C-1d formed on the load rolling surface 5 of each sliding table half 2a. If one of them is in the order of linear load area L-1d - curved load area C-1d - linear load area L-1d, then the other is curved load area C-1d - linear load area L-
Linear load areas L-1d (curved load areas C-1d) are arranged in the order of curved load areas C-1d and are located alternately with each other, and formed on the load rolling surface 5 of one slide table half 2a. ) faces the curved load area C-1d (linear load area L-1d) formed on the load rolling surface 5 of the other slide table half 2a, and furthermore, each load rolling surface All the curved load ranges L-1d formed in Figure 5 have their virtual circular centers coincident with each other. The linear load area L-1d and the curved load area C-1d are defined as the linear load area L-1d in the linear area L-ar of the track surface 4 on the track rail 1 side.
loads through the balls 3a rolling there, and the curved area C of the track surface 4 on the track rail 1 side.
-ar, the load is applied to the curved load area C-1d via the ball 3b rolling there. The number of balls 3 rolling in each of the linear load area L-1d and the curved load area C-1d formed on the load rolling surface 5 is arranged as 3-6-3. Therefore, when the total number of balls carrying loads on both front and rear sides of one load rolling surface 5 is 6, the number of balls carrying loads in the middle of the other load rolling surface 5 is 6. Therefore, the left and right sides are balanced, and moment loads in the left and right directions can be applied almost equally.

Further, the track rail 1 is composed of a straight track rail 1a forming a straight line area L-ar of the track surface 4, and an arc-shaped curved track rail 1b forming a curve area C-ar of the track surface 4. When the bearing body 2 is sliding along the curved track rail 1b, the virtual circle center of all the curved load areas C-1d formed on the bearing body 2 side is on the curved track rail 1b. virtual circle center (16th
The structure corresponds to the symbol O) in the figure.

In addition, in this first embodiment, the sliding table 2
As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15, each lid body 2b attached to both the front and rear end surfaces of the sliding base half body 2a
Each end of each loaded ball groove 9a, 9b formed on the side and each end of each non-load ball hole 6a, 6b corresponding to each loaded ball groove 9a, 9b is connected by a ball direction changing path 6c. A pair of lid beads 11 are connected to each other to form an endless track for the ball 3, and are attached to the lid main body 11a and both sleeves thereof.
It is composed of b. That is, the lid body 11a
has grooves 12 having a substantially semicircular shape in the depth direction formed on its inner surface, and the opening edges of each of these grooves 12 are provided with the lid pair beads 11b.
The lid bead 11b is fitted into the mounting step 13 of the lid main body 11a, and the lid bead 11b is fitted into each slot 12.
It has a circumferential groove 14 that together forms a ball direction changing path 6b. As shown in FIG. 3, each lid body 2b is attached by drilling bolt holes 15 at both the front and rear ends of each sliding base half base 2c, and by drilling the bolt holes 15 into each lid body 2b. Stepped insertion holes 16 corresponding to the holes 15 are opened, and the lid body 2 is opened.
This is done by inserting a mounting bolt 17 through the stepped insertion hole 16 on the b side, and screwing this mounting bolt 17 into the bolt hole 15 on the sliding table half base 2c side.

In addition, in FIGS. 1, 6, and 18,
Reference numeral 18 denotes a through hole that is bored in each track rail 1 and is penetrated by a fixing bolt that fixes the track rail 1 to various mechanical devices.

Therefore, according to the bearing A1 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, for example, a land track-shaped track rail 1 is constructed by combining a plurality of straight track rails 1a and a plurality of curved track rails 1b. For example, stations S1 to S4 for transferring parts are arranged at appropriate positions on this track rail 1, and a table 20 is attached to each bearing body 2 that slides along the track rail 1. When sliding the main body 2 along the track rail 1, the linear area L-ar of the track rail 1
Now, the above linear load range L-1 of each bearing body 2
A load is applied by each ball 3a rolling in the curved area C-ar of the track rail 1, and a load is applied by each ball 3b rolling in the curved load area C-1d of each bearing body 2 in the curved area C-ar of the track rail 1. As a result, each bearing body 2 can be rotated along the track rail 1 having a straight line area L-ar and a curved area C-ar while applying a load to each bearing body 2. A conveyance system can be constructed in which parts are delivered between the table 20 attached to the bearing body 2 and rotating and each of the stations S1 to S4.

Note that the track rail 1 configured by combining a plurality of straight track rails 1a and a plurality of curved track rails 1b is not limited to the land track shape as shown in FIG. It can be configured into a roughly square shape like this, or
As shown in Fig. 18, it is configured in a spiral shape, etc.
It can be configured into any shape.

Note that FIG. 19 shows a linear and curved bearing A1' according to a modification of the first embodiment, and unlike the case shown in FIG. Each sliding table half 2
a Pair of upper and lower load ball grooves 9 formed on the inner surface side
a and 9b are grooves 21 formed in the slide table half 2a and the slide table so that the inner diameter thereof is larger than the diameter of the ball 3 and the opening width thereof is smaller than the diameter of the ball 3. It is formed by the groove forming member 22 attached to the half body 2a, and each sliding base half body 2
A pair of upper and lower no-load ball holes 6a formed in a.
6b is formed to be slightly larger than the distance between load ball grooves 9a and 9b. The bearing A1' of each of these modified examples also has a straight line area L-ar of the raceway surface 4 of the track rail 1, just like the case shown in FIG.
and the curved area C-ar respectively in the bearing body 2
It is possible to perform linear sliding and curved sliding while applying a load in the linear load area L-1d and curved load area C-1d of the load rolling surface 5 formed in .

◎ Second Embodiment FIGS. 20 and 21 show a linear and curved bearing A2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is the same as the first embodiment, but
Upper and lower load ball grooves 9 located on one side of the sliding table half 2a, that is, on the left side or the right side, respectively.
The load rolling surfaces 5 formed in a and 9b are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees and face each other in the expanding direction so that the surface directions are separated from each other at an angle of 90 degrees, Loads can be applied equally in the radial direction, reverse radial direction, and left and right directions.

Also in bearing A2 of this second embodiment,
As in the case of the first embodiment, the linear load area L-1d of the load rolling surface 5 in which the linear area L-ar and the curved area C-ar of the raceway surface 4 of the track rail 1 are formed in the bearing body 2, respectively. and curve load range C-1d
It is possible to slide linearly and curvedly while applying a load.

◎ Third Embodiment Figures 22 to 24 show a linear and curved bearing A3 according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is the same as the first embodiment, but the bearing body is 2, the sliding table half base 2c has fitting grooves 23 on both inner surfaces, and the fitting groove 23 of this sliding table half base 2c.
Each of the bearing races 19 has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the ball 3 and an opening width larger than the diameter of the ball 3, as in the first embodiment. A pair of upper and lower load ball grooves 9a, 9b smaller than the diameter of
is formed. The bearing A3 of this third embodiment also has a load in which the linear region L-ar and the curved region C-ar of the raceway surface 4 of the track rail 1 are respectively formed in the bearing body 2, just as in the case of the first embodiment. It is possible to perform linear sliding and curved sliding while applying a load in the linear load area L-1d and the curved load area C-1d of the raceway surface 5.

25 and 26 show modified examples of the linear and curved bearing A3 according to the third embodiment, and unlike the case shown in FIG. 22, the sliding table half 2a of the bearing main body 2 No-load ball holes 6a and 6b are formed by abutting grooves 21 on the sliding base half base 2c side and grooves 22 on the bearing race 19 side. The bearing A3' of this modification also has a straight line region L-ar of the raceway surface 4 of the track rail 1, just as in the case of the third embodiment.
and the curved area C-ar respectively in the bearing body 2
It is possible to perform linear sliding and curved sliding while applying a load in the linear load area L-1d and curved load area C-1d of the load rolling surface 5 formed in .

◎ Fourth Embodiment Figures 27 and 28 show a linear and curved bearing A4 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is the same as the second embodiment above.
Sliding table half 2a that constitutes the bearing body 2
is composed of a sliding base half 2c having fitting grooves 23 on both inner surfaces, and a pair of bearing races 19 fitted in the fitting grooves 23 of the sliding base half 2c, Each of the bearing races 19 is formed with a pair of upper and lower load ball grooves 9a and 9b whose inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the ball 3 and whose opening width is smaller than the diameter of the ball 3. . Bearing A4 of this fourth embodiment
Similarly to the second embodiment, the linear load area of the load rolling surface 5 in which the linear area L-ar and the curved area C-ar of the raceway surface 4 of the track rail 1 are formed in the bearing body 2, respectively. It is possible to perform linear sliding and curved sliding while applying a load in L-1d and curved load area C-1d.

29 and 30 show modified examples of the linear and curved bearing A4 according to the fourth embodiment, and unlike the case shown in FIG. 27, the sliding table half 2a of the bearing main body 2 The no-load ball hole 6a formed in the groove 2 on the slide table half base 2c side
1 and a groove 22 on the side of the bearing race 19 butt against each other. The bearing A4' of this modification is also exactly the same as that of the fourth embodiment.
A load is applied in the linear load area L-1d and curved load area C-1d of the load rolling surface 5, which has the linear area L-ar and curved area C-ar of the raceway surface 4 of the track rail 1 formed in the bearing body 2, respectively. It can slide in a straight line and slide in a curved line.

◎ Fifth Embodiment Figures 31 and 32 show a linear and curved bearing A5 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
A has a single load ball groove 9 formed with the load rolling surface 5 on the inner surface thereof, and each slide table half 2a has a groove 9 in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the load ball groove 9. along the no-load circulation path 6, three sets of sliding table halves 2a are provided with no-load ball holes 6d, and are attached to both front and rear end surfaces of each sliding table half 2a, It is composed of a pair of lid bodies 2b equipped with a ball direction changing path 6c that communicates and connects each non-load ball hole 6d of each loaded ball groove 9 to form an endless circulation path 6 for the ball 3. , the load ball groove 9 is formed integrally with the sliding table half 2a by cutting and grinding, and its inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the ball 3, and its opening width l is larger than the diameter of the ball 3.
The ball 3 can freely roll along the load rolling surface 5 formed in the load ball groove 9, and even when the bearing body 2 is separated from the track rail 1, The ball 3 rolling along the rolling surface 5 is prevented from falling out of the loaded ball groove 9.

Furthermore, FIG. 33 shows another modification of the fifth embodiment, and unlike the cases shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the bearing A5' of these modifications is different from that shown in FIGS.
The slide table half 2 that constitutes the bearing body 2 is shown in FIG.
A substantially mountain-shaped groove portion 26 having a loaded rolling surface 5 and an unloaded rolling surface 6' is formed on the inner surface of the sliding table half 2a, and a bearing body 2 is formed on the inner surface of the sliding table half 2a. A ball retainer 24 is provided as a groove forming member 25 to prevent the balls 3 from falling off from each load rolling surface 5 when separated from the track rail 1. In the case of FIG. 33, the no-load ball hole 6c is also formed by the groove portion 26 and the ball holder 24.

In this fifth embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, a load rolling surface in which the linear region L-ar and the curved region C-ar of the raceway surface 4 of the track rail 1 are formed in the bearing body 2, respectively. 5 linear load range L
-1d and curved load range C-1d, linear sliding and curved sliding can be performed while applying a load.

◎ Sixth Embodiment FIG. 34 is a sectional view showing a bearing for both straight and curved lines according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which the track rail is provided with strength.

That is, the track rail 1 includes a rail base 10a extending in the vertical direction, a load flange 10b protruding from the upper and lower ends of the rail base 10a in the thickness direction of the rail base 10a, and a fixing flange 1.
0c, and the height of the rail base 10a is formed larger than the thickness and width of the load flange 10b,
This is also the case where the raceway surfaces 4 are formed at the left and right ends of the load flange 10b.

In addition, in the sixth embodiment described above, a modification of the track rail 1 in the first embodiment described above was explained.
Of course, the track rail 1 can be modified and used in other embodiments as well.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

1. According to the bearing described in claim 1, it is possible to perform linear guidance and curve guidance along a straight track rail and a curved track rail, respectively, while applying a load, and it can be used for various purposes.

2. Sliding movement can be achieved on a track with a predetermined curvature by appropriately exchanging the slide table halves that have curve load regions with different curvatures, and even if there is a slight error in curvature, it can be adjusted at the time of assembly. It becomes possible to do so.

3. Since rolling surfaces can be formed individually on each half of the slide table, curvature accuracy can be easily achieved, and curved and straight grooves can be easily formed.

4. According to the bearing according to claim 2, since the height can be made as low as possible, the bearing can be downsized, and the structure can be simple and manufactured at low cost.

5. According to the bearing according to claim 3, it is possible to smoothly slide the bearing body along the load rolling surface of the raceway, and also to absorb loads in four directions: the radial direction, the reverse radial direction, and the left and right horizontal directions. Furthermore, the load can be applied evenly.

6. According to the bearing according to claim 4, since the opening width of the load ball groove is formed to be smaller than the diameter of the ball, it is possible to prevent the ball from accidentally falling off.

7. According to the bearing according to claim 5, since the load ball groove is formed by cutting and grinding, accuracy can be improved.

8. According to the bearing according to claim 6, since the load ball groove is formed by the groove portion formed in the bearing body and the groove forming member, only a part of the hardened portion can be used, and the cost can be reduced. I can figure it out.

9. According to the bearing according to claim 7, since the pair of load rolling surfaces face each other in the direction of convergence, it is possible to automatically adjust the moment load of the bearing caused by an error in the mounting surface, and also to prevent the moment load acting on the inside of the bearing. force can be alleviated.

10 According to the bearing according to claim 8, since the pair of load rolling surfaces face in directions in which they diverge from each other, the rigidity of the bearing can be improved.

11 According to the bearing according to claim 9, the track rail is made of a lightweight structural material and is resistant to bending and twisting.
It can be manufactured inexpensively using shaped steel or H-shaped steel, and
It is highly versatile and can be used as a structural material for machine tools that require hollow support such as double-end support beams, overhang beams, and continuous beams.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a linear and curved bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
3 is a side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the bearing body in this invention, and FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG.
7 is an enlarged sectional view showing the left half of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 when the track rail is a straight track rail, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the left half of FIG. 6. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 when it is a rail, FIG. 10 is a front view of the sliding table half according to the present invention, FIG. 11 is a side view showing a part of the sliding table half in cross section, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 12, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 13, FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the lid piece, and FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a component transport system having a track rail configured in a land track shape with a straight track rail and a curved track rail, FIGS. 17 and 18 are explanatory diagrams showing track rails configured in other shapes, and FIG. The figure is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the first embodiment, Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 6 showing a linear and curved bearing of the second embodiment, and Figure 21 is the left half of Figure 20. An enlarged sectional view showing an enlarged view, FIG. 22 is a sectional view showing a linear and curved bearing of the third embodiment,
23 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of FIG. 22, FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing the bearing race of FIG. 23, and FIG. 25 is a modification of the third embodiment. 26 is a perspective view showing the bearing race shown in FIG. 25, FIG. 27 is a sectional view showing the bearing for both straight and curved lines according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 28 is the bearing shown in FIG. 27. FIG. 29 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 27 showing a modification of the fourth embodiment, FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing the bearing race of FIG. 29, and FIG.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a linear and curved bearing according to the fifth embodiment, Fig. 32 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of Fig. 31, and Fig. 33 is a modification of the fifth embodiment. 34 is a sectional view showing a bearing for both straight and curved lines according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 35 is a partial sectional view showing a conventional curved guide device. Explanation of symbols: 1...Track rail, 1a...Straight track rail, 1b...Curved track rail, 2...Bearing body, 2a...Sliding platform half, 2b...Lid body, 2c...Sliding platform half base, 3... Ball, 3a... Ball rolling in a linear load range, 3b... Ball rolling in a curved load range, 4... Raceway surface, L-ar... Straight line area, C-ar...
Curved area, 5... Load rolling surface, L-1d... Linear load area, C-1d... Curved load area, 6... No-load circulation path,
6a, 6b... No-load circulation path, 6c... Ball direction change path, 6d... No-load ball hole, 7... Top plate member, 8
...Mounting bolt, 9...Load ball groove, d...Ball diameter, l...Opening width of load ball groove, 10a...Rail base, 10b...Load flange, 10c...Fixing flange, 19...Bearing race, 21...
Groove portion, 22...Groove forming member, 23...Fitting groove, 25
...Groove forming member, 26...Groove section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A track rail having a raceway surface formed along the longitudinal direction, a load rolling surface facing opposite to the raceway surface, and a no-load circulation that endlessly connects both ends of the loaded rolling surface. A bearing consisting of a bearing body with an endless track having a track and a large number of balls that circulate within the endless track of the bearing body and apply a load between the load rolling surface of the bearing body and the raceway surface of a track rail. In this case, the bearing body has six sliding platform halves each having an independent endless track and whose load rolling surface is formed in a linear load area or a curved load area having a predetermined curvature, and a track rail sandwiched between them. and a top plate member that connects these sliding table halves arranged in a manner that The sliding platform halves are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other and to face each other, and in the linear area of the track surface on the track rail side, a load is applied by the sliding platform half having the above-mentioned linear load area, and on the track rail side. A bearing for both straight and curved lines, characterized in that in a curved area of a raceway surface, a load is applied by a sliding table half having the above-mentioned curved load area. 2. The linear and curved bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that each sliding table half has a single load rolling surface on the inner surface thereof. 3. Claim 1, characterized in that each slide table half has a pair of load rolling surfaces adjacent to each other on the inner surface side.
Bearings for both straight and curved lines as described. 4. Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sliding table half is formed with at least a load ball groove whose opening width is smaller than the diameter of the ball, and a load rolling surface is formed in the load ball groove. A bearing for both straight and curved lines as described in any of the above. 5. The linear and curved bearing according to claim 4, wherein the load ball groove is integrally formed in the sliding table half by cutting and grinding. 6. The linear and curved bearing according to claim 4, wherein the load ball groove is formed by a groove formed in the bearing body and a groove forming member attached to the bearing body. 7. The linear and curved bearing according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that a pair of adjacent load rolling surfaces face in directions that converge with each other. 8. The linear and curved bearing according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that a pair of load rolling surfaces adjacent to each other face in a direction in which they expand. 9 The track rail is composed of a rail base extending in the vertical direction, and a load flange and a fixing flange that protrude from the upper and lower ends of the rail base in the thickness direction of the rail base, and the height of the rail base is 2. The linear and curved bearing according to claim 1, wherein the bearing has a thickness greater than the width of the load flange, and has raceway surfaces formed at left and right ends of the load flange.