JPH0465275B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The rubber hose of the present invention relates to a self-forming hose that does not require a tightening material or other molding materials, and the rubber hose of the present invention relates to a self-forming hose that does not require a tightening material or other forming members. By completely changing the molding method and using a self-forming method, we aim to shorten the process, save on materials, improve product quality, and provide hoses with aesthetic shapes that are environmentally friendly.

[Prior Art] Conventional methods for manufacturing hoses are generally all vulcanization molding by a tightening molding method, except for special molding methods such as leaded molding methods.

The main types of conventional hoses are classified as follows based on their structure.

(a) Ply hose consisting of inner tube rubber + reinforcing cloth layer + outer cover rubber. The hose is formed on a core of an iron pipe,
It is mainly formed by wrapping the outer periphery with tightening cloth,
Vulcanized in a vulcanization can.

(b) Braided hose consisting of inner tube rubber + twisted yarn braided reinforcement layer (or wire plaid reinforcement layer) + outer rubber cover (externally flat or externally reinforced) The braided hose is mainly made of leaded molding method, molding method, etc. It is molded using the same tightening method as in (a) and heated and vulcanized.

(c) Wire-containing hose (single wire, double wire) There are open wire type, buried wire type, semi-buried wire type, etc., and each type has external bellows, external flat, external cloth wrapping, external braiding, external rubber wrapping. etc. are formed according to the usage conditions.

(d) A bandless hose whose cap is bonded in an unvulcanized state, vulcanized, and baked to fix the cloth-wrapped hose (ply hose) in (a) above, part of the plaid hose in (b), (c), All wire-containing hoses in (d) are made by woven fabric fabrication, which is made by wrapping a narrow woven fabric around the formed unvulcanized hose in two or more layers after moistening it with water and creating a tight state. It is molded using a method and vulcanized in a vulcanization can. especially,
In the case of an external bellows shape, after wrapping the tightening cloth, it is further tightened with a cotton rope.
In addition, the mouthpiece of the bandless hose is sufficiently pressurized, especially with a tightening cloth and a cotton rope. Therefore, this tightening fabric forming method requires the complicated work of removing the tightening fabric and cotton rope after vulcanization.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As mentioned above, the traditional tightening method is generally
Since the woven fabric of 0.2 to 0.4 mm is cut into narrow strips to form the tightening cloth, which is then wrapped around the outer jacket of the unvulcanized molded hose, both ends of the tightening cloth are free ends. The weaving structure of the fabric is disordered, making it difficult to apply a uniform force over a wide range of tightening and having poor pressure retention, so it is necessary to wrap the fabric in at least two layers. Because it bites into the sulfur rubber, the hose's outer sheath rubber should be thick enough that it won't cause any problems even if it bites into it.
That is, it is necessary to have at least 2 to 3 times the thickness of the tightening cloth, and 1.5 to 3 mm is generally used, which is more than necessary. Therefore, on the outside of the hose,
The winding marks and grain of the tightening cloth are unsightly carved into the fabric.
Not only does it damage the appearance, it is difficult to distribute pressure evenly, and dimensional uniformity cannot be achieved. Further, while the hose is in use, dust accumulates in the cloth of the hose and is difficult to remove, resulting in an unpleasant contaminated hose.

In addition, the tightening cloth is used repeatedly, but the tightening cloth becomes contaminated during vulcanization in the vulcanization can, and furthermore,
Since the degree of contamination increases with the number of times, from the second time onwards, the cover rubber becomes contaminated due to the degree of contamination of the tightening cloth, and the color effect of light-colored rubber other than black is severely impaired. Furthermore, the tightening cloth that is used repeatedly is
Degraded by the steam and heat during vulcanization,
Its strength and elongation change with each use, and
The uniformity also changes and uniform tightening strength cannot be obtained, resulting in variations in adhesive strength and dimensions from hose to hose.

As mentioned above, in addition to the disadvantages of physical properties, some methods involve complicated processes such as preparing the cloth, wrapping and tightening the cloth and rope, and removing the cloth and rope. , which leads to high costs. Furthermore, when processing an unvulcanized elastomer in the inner layer, there is too much flexibility and fluctuations tend to occur, requiring various processing means.

Accordingly, the inventors have sought to find an alternative to the long-established lace-forming method, which poses many problems, and to simplify the formation of the hose.

[Means for solving problems]

This invention eliminates the constriction that causes defects in the conventional method in which the outer part of the hose is formed by reinforcing cloth, outer rubber, and constriction, and provides a hose with a function that replaces the constriction. We devised a solution using our own parts.

That is, an organic fiber such as polyester or nylon that has the ability to shrink when heated is made into a cloth shape, made into a long fabric with a predetermined width, and the woven fabric is processed using, for example, RFL (resorcinol, formalin, etc.).
After the latex is treated to make it easier to adhere to the elastomer material, it is topped with an unvulcanized elastomer. In this topping operation, a topping cloth is produced by topping both sides, thick on the front side and thin on the back side, or by topping only the front side without topping the back side. The woven fabric used for this topping cloth differs depending on the type of hose used and its purpose, but the total thickness of the topping cloth usually used is 0.8
~3.0mm. The topping fabric is vulcanized under tension. For example, the Rotocure (rotating drum vulcanization) method,
Alternatively, it is vulcanized by an electron beam crosslinking method, and after vulcanization, an unvulcanized elastomer of the same or similar material is topped on the thinly topped surface on the back side or on the back side without topping to form a self-formable member. . In this case, vulcanization using the above vulcanization method can also be semi-vulcanized.

The self-forming member constructed in this way is used as the basic material for both the inner and outer surfaces of various types of hoses, and the vulcanized front elastomer is used as the front side of both the inner and outer surfaces, and the unvulcanized back elastomer is used as a base material for both the inner and outer surfaces, and the unvulcanized back elastomer is used as a base material for both the inner and outer surfaces of various hose shapes. Between each other, depending on the purpose,
Various hose-forming materials such as spiral reinforcing wire, unvulcanized elastomer-coated fabric reinforcement fiber material, and unvulcanized elastomer sheet are inserted and joined to form the desired hose shape. A self-forming hose is formed by putting the vulcanized molded product into a normal vulcanization can and performing open curing. That is, without using the conventional tightening method, the inner and outer components of the hose perform a tightening action and exhibit self-forming properties.

Note that the degree of vulcanization when vulcanizing an elastomer topping layer provided on at least the front side of the organic fiber material can be adjusted as appropriate depending on conditions such as the structure of the hose, but is generally 50 to 70%. A range of degrees is preferred.

As mentioned above, organic fiber materials have thick surfaces and
The back side is thinly topped with elastomer toppings on both sides, or only one side of the front side is vulcanized with toppings, so the woven structure is firmly fixed and pulled strongly to evenly distribute the winding force. It works perfectly, providing even and strong adhesive force, and because it is topped with an unvulcanized elastomer on the back side, the strong winding force is fixed and maintained, and the shrinkage force is reduced by the vulcanization heat. It is set by working and vulcanizing. In theory, when winding, in addition to applying sufficient tension to the self-forming member, depending on the structure and shape of the hose, apply sufficient tension using pressure rolls or a pressure welding rod as necessary. It is manipulated to give parallelism.

The elastomeric material used in the hose of this invention refers to all elastic polymeric materials such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, and other rubber-like elastic materials, and is appropriately selected and used depending on the purpose. It is something.

[Effect]

This self-forming hose has an elastomer topping layer on at least the front side of an organic fiber material having heat-shrinkable strength, and the member is vulcanized in a tensioned state. Because it is formed by a conventional method of pasting reinforcing cloth and outer rubber and tightening it with a fastening cloth, it does not require burrs or unfastening operations, and has an aesthetically pleasing appearance. can get. In addition, on the inner surface of the hose, the vulcanized surface of the vulcanized front elastomer is on the front side, that is, on the inner surface of the hose, so a uniform and strong adhesive force with little fluctuation is obtained, and the dimensional Not only can a molded state with no variations be obtained, but also a uniform outer rubber thickness can be formed, and there is no need to provide an excessively thick layer, which can be made thinner. Furthermore, bright colored and colored hoses can be easily obtained since they are not contaminated by tightening cloth.

Next, an example will be described.

〔Example〕

First, a self-formable member is formed in advance. As an example of an organic fiber material with heat-shrinkable strength constituting a self-formable member, a woven fabric (approximately 0.2 mm thick) of 200 d single yarn of polyester fiber (width 1300 mm x length
100m), RFL treatment is performed on this, elastomer is topped on both sides or only the front side is vulcanized, and the back side is topped with an unvulcanized back side elastomer to form a self-formable member. However, the elastomer topping layer on the front side is
The thickness is about 0.5mm, the topping thickness of the unvulcanized back elastomer on the back side is about 0.2mm, and the overall thickness is 0.9mm to 1.1mm.
Let it be mm.

An example of the rubber compounding (parts by weight) used in this self-molding member is as follows.

Natural rubber…100, ZnO…5.0, Stearic acid…2.0, Process oil…3.0, White gloss…30.0, Accelerator TT…0.3, Accelerator CZ…0.9, Iou ......0.5, Red pigment......6.0 Elastomer-covered fabric (a) in which the front side of the heat-shrinkable woven fabric of polyester fiber is thickly topped with elastomer and the back side is topped with elastomer thinly (0.2 mm), or elastomer is topped only on the front side. The elastomer coated fabric (b) is then vulcanized using a rotocure. On the back side of these vulcanized elastomer cloths (a) and (b), 0.2 mm of unvulcanized elastomer of the same material is topped, cut to the required width, and interposed with a material such as release paper. Then, roll it up into a scroll on the support shaft so that it can be easily pulled out. Its width is formed to a required width according to the inner diameter of the hose.

Next, explanation will be given with reference to the drawings.

1A and 1B are partially enlarged sectional views of a self-formable member in which an elastomer-covered fabric is topped with an unvulcanized back side elastomer;
are vulcanized front elastomer 1 (0.5 mm), heat-shrinkable woven fabric 2 (0.2 mm), vulcanized back elastomer 3 (0.2 mm),
Consists of unvulcanized backside elastomer 4 (0.2mm),
B is vulcanized front elastomer 1 (0.5 mm), heat-shrinkable woven fabric 2 (0.2 mm), and unvulcanized back elastomer 4 (0.2 mm).
mm).

Figure 2A is a partial cross-sectional view of an ultra-thin walled self-forming hose whose inner and outer surfaces are made of self-forming members, and Figure 2B is a winding of the same rollable self-forming hose. FIG.

This hose consists of the self-forming member SM shown in Figure 1B.
In the figure, OSM is the outer self-molding member provided on the outer surface of the hose, and ISM is the inner self-molding member provided on the inner surface of the hose.
On the inner side, the vulcanized front elastomer 1 is formed into a cylindrical shape with the vulcanized front elastomer 1 on the inner side, and on the outer side, the unvulcanized back elastomers 4 on the back sides of both are joined so that the vulcanized front elastomer 1 is on the outer side. It is then vulcanized and can be easily rolled up into a flat shape as shown in FIG. 2B.

With conventional reinforced cloth hoses, for example, if the diameter is about 1000 mm, in order to be able to roll them up flat, it is necessary to construct a rubber lining on the inner surface of the hemp hose, which is braided like a fire hose. This requires complicated processes and is costly. On the other hand, as mentioned above, this self-forming hose is made up of a process that only involves joining self-forming members, so it can be obtained at low cost. There is almost no dimensional variation due to the process, and a highly accurate ultra-thin walled hose can be obtained.

In addition, in conventional hose manufacturing methods for such medium-diameter hoses, when the three parts of the inner rubber, reinforcing layer, and outer rubber are laminated, the unvulcanized rubber is weak and the thickness is inaccurate, resulting in thinner parts. There is a limit to how much it can be formed, and it is difficult to reduce the wall thickness to 5 mm or less for a hose with a diameter of about 100 mm.
Therefore, when the hose is rolled up flat, the folded end of the hose is at least 15 mm to 20 mm, making it difficult to wind up a long hose. On the other hand, self-forming hoses can be made with a thickness of about 2 mm even with a diameter of 100 mm, and when wound onto the same drum, the length can be more than twice that of conventional hoses.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a self-forming hose reinforced with a helical reinforcing wire having a relatively thin adhesive coating. This is a structure in which a helical reinforcing wire coated with an adhesive coating is embedded in the middle part of the structure shown in FIG. 2, that is, between the unvulcanized back side elastomers 4.

In the figure, as before, OSM is the outer self-forming member, ISM is the inner self-forming member, and the helical reinforcing wire 5 has an adhesive film 6 on the overlapping part of the unvulcanized back side elastomers 4. This is a buried arrangement. In this hose, an inner self-forming member ISM is formed into a cylindrical shape on a core bar, a helical reinforcing wire material 5 having an adhesive coating 6 is arranged on the cylindrical vulcanized back side elastomer 4, and It is constructed by laminating an outer self-molding member OSM on top of this and heating and curing it. Since this hose is relatively thin, the steel wire of the spiral reinforcing wire 5 is coated with a phosphate film or brass plated (6:4) to obtain primary adhesion to the unvulcanized back side elastomer 4. An adhesive film 6 is formed on the surface of the wire material.

In addition, most of the general hoses with spiral reinforced wires are non-adhesive types as they do not undergo adhesive treatment such as forming an adhesive film, due to the increased bending reaction force, but with this self-forming hose, ,
By providing the adhesive coating, the helical reinforcing wire has a strong primary bond with the unvulcanized back side elastomer, thereby securing the position of the helical reinforcing wire in the thin wall and increasing the bending reaction force. Good restorability is obtained, an accurate inner diameter is maintained over a long period of time, and suitable flexibility is obtained.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a self-forming hose having an intermediate reinforcing layer in which a reinforcing wire and a reinforcing fiber material are provided in the intermediate layer.

In the figure, OSM is the outer self-forming member;
ISM is the inner self-forming member, 7 is the reinforcing fiber material,
8 is an unvulcanized elastomer layer, 9 is a single spiral reinforcing wire rod, and the spiral reinforcing wire rod 9 has reinforcing fiber materials 7 topped with unvulcanized elastomer on both sides arranged above and below, and between the reinforcing fiber materials 7. An unvulcanized elastomer layer is arranged and buried, and self-formable members are bonded to both the inner and outer surfaces of the elastomer layer and hardened by heating.
In this example, the outside is formed into a spiral thread wave. It is also possible to form the outside part flat.

Because the vulcanized front elastomer, which is a self-forming member, is located on the inner surface of the hose, there is no variation in the thickness of the elastomer even during processes such as setting the spiral reinforcing wire, ensuring accurate wall thickness, resulting in a highly accurate hose. is obtained.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a self-forming hose having an intermediate reinforcing layer using twisted wire as a helical reinforcing wire.

For example, in the configuration shown in FIG. 4, an example is shown in which a steel cord formed from a large number of stranded wires is used instead of the spiral reinforcing wire.
The relatively thin case shown in FIG. 3 can also be used depending on the purpose.

In FIG. 5, ISM is an inner self-forming member, OSM is an outer self-forming member, 7 is a reinforcing fiber material, 8 is an unvulcanized elastomer layer, and 10 is a spiral reinforcing stranded wire material. The shape of the stranded wire may be any suitable shape depending on the purpose, such as circular or oval shape. The characteristic of this hose is that since it is a stranded wire, the winding reaction force when forming the hose is small, and therefore a thick cord can be inserted into even a small diameter hose. Furthermore, when a hose is subjected to large bends, a solid wire will buckle and become permanently deformed, making it unusable, but a stranded wire will return to its original shape. Therefore, in applications where the wire is subjected to repeated deformation, solid wire has a high bending fatigue resistance and is prone to breakage, but stranded wire has high bending fatigue resistance and a high degree of durability. .

6A, B, and C are partial cross-sectional views of a stretchable self-forming hose in which the inner and outer surfaces of the hose are formed into an accordion shape.

In the figure, ISM is the inner self-forming part,
OSM is an outer self-formable member, 7 is a reinforcing fiber material topped with an unvulcanized elastomer, 8 is an unvulcanized elastomer layer, and 11 is a ring-shaped reinforcing wire.

The construction of Accordion's self-forming hose, which is easy to fold and stretch, requires no tightening or molding as in the past, and only requires a corrugated former (core type) of the desired length. Shape using. FIG. 6A shows that on this former, an unvulcanized elastomer layer 8 of a required thickness is applied to the unvulcanized back side elastomer 4 of the inner self-formable material ISM.
Then, the reinforcing fiber material 7 topped with unvulcanized elastomer is joined and shaped into a corrugated cylinder, and then,
A ring-shaped reinforcing wire rod 11 is buried in an unvulcanized elastomer layer 8 at the peak of the peak, and an outer self-forming member OSM is attached to the outside to give the outside a corrugated shape, which is then heated and hardened. It is. To take it out from the former, it is sufficient to blow compressed air through the end of the hose to obtain a self-forming hose that can be expanded and contracted.

FIG. 6B shows the ring-shaped reinforcing wire 11 buried in the valley with unvulcanized elastomer layer 8, and FIG. 6C shows the ring-shaped reinforcing wire 11 buried in both the peak and valley. It is buried in a vulcanized elastomer layer 8.

When the above-mentioned ring-shaped reinforcing wire is provided in the troughs or in the crests and troughs, a split mold or the like is used as the former to facilitate the removal of the hose after heating and hardening.

The characteristics of this hose are that it is easy to manufacture, has a smooth surface, and has heat resistance, abrasion resistance, weather resistance, and properties that cannot be obtained with resin hoses in piping that requires expansion and contraction such as elastic ducts. Chemical resistance,
Excellent effects such as bending fatigue resistance can be obtained.

FIG. 7A shows an unvulcanized elastomer layer 8 and a spiral reinforcement wire 12 of steel wire set between the unvulcanized back side elastomers of the inner self-formable member ISM and the outer self-formable member OSM. This is a self-forming hose that can be formed into an uneven shape by forming both the inner and outer surfaces flat and heating and curing it, and as shown in Figure 7B, the hose is constructed by twisting and fixing and deforming the inner and outer surfaces into an uneven shape. do.

That is, this self-forming hose capable of forming an uneven shape is formed by setting the spiral reinforcing wire 12 between the inner self-forming member ISM and the outer self-forming member OSM so that both the inner and outer surfaces are flat. By fixing one end of the hose and twisting the other end against the axis in the same direction as the spiral winding direction, that is, in the direction in which the diameter of the hose contracts, the hose is deformed. Secure this end. In this way,
The hose has wrinkles on its inner and outer surfaces, that is, a helical thread corrugation, which significantly increases the resistance to fluid passage.

This hose is a self-forming hose that can be twisted and fixed to make the inner and outer surfaces into an uneven shape.It is installed in a pipe line, and when it is in a flat state, it can be attached to other lines. Since it has the same wall diameter as the hose, the resistance to fluid passage is small, but by twisting the hose, the inner diameter is reduced and the hose is deformed on uneven surfaces, increasing the resistance to fluid passage and increasing the flow rate and pressure. It has features that can be used as a regulating valve mechanism.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The self-forming hose of the present invention does not require tightening when molding, has a smooth surface, has no variation in adhesive strength or dimensions, can simplify the manufacturing process, and can be made from thin to thick walls. This resulted in a high-quality hose that can be used in a wide variety of applications, including meat hoses.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1A and 1B are partially enlarged sectional views of a self-forming member, FIG. 2A is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of a self-forming hose according to the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a partial sectional view of a self-forming member.
FIG. 3, a perspective view showing a state in which the hose is wound into a flat shape, shows another embodiment of the self-forming hose according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a self-forming hose showing an embodiment having an intermediate reinforcing layer in which a reinforcing wire material and a reinforcing fiber material are provided in the intermediate layer. FIG. Figures 6A, B, and C are partial cross-sectional views of a self-forming hose illustrating an embodiment with an intermediate reinforcing layer using stranded wire as the wire material; FIGS. 6A, B, and C illustrate an embodiment of a self-forming hose capable of accordion-shaped stretch FIG. 7A is a partial sectional view showing an example of a self-forming hose that can be formed into an uneven shape, and FIG. 7B is a partial sectional view of the same hose with its inner and outer surfaces deformed into an uneven shape. FIG. SM...Self-molding member, OSM...Outer self-molding member, ISM...Inner self-molding member, 1...Vulcanized front side elastomer, 2...Heat-shrinkable fiber material, 3...Vulcanized back side elastomer, 4...Unused Vulcanized back side elastomer, 5
...Spiral reinforcing wire material, 6.Adhesive coating, 7.Reinforcing fiber material, 8.Unvulcanized elastomer layer, 9.Spiral reinforcing wire material, 10.Spiral reinforcing stranded wire material, 11.Ring-shaped reinforcing wire material, 12.. Spiral reinforced steel wire.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A self-forming member made of an organic fiber material having heat-shrinkable power, provided with an elastomer topping layer on at least the front side, and topped with an unvulcanized back side elastomer on the back side of the vulcanized member in a tensioned state. A self-forming hose in which the vulcanized front elastomer is used as the front side of both the inner and outer surfaces, and the unvulcanized back elastomer is bonded and vulcanized to each other on the inner and outer sides. 2. The self-molding member according to claim 1, wherein the self-forming member is formed by providing a thick topping layer of an elastomer on the front side and a thin elastomer topping layer on the back side of the organic fiber material, and topping an unvulcanized back side elastomer on the back side of the member that is vulcanized in a tension state. Self-forming hose. 3. The self-forming hose according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a spiral reinforcing wire coated with an adhesive film is embedded between the unvulcanized back side elastomers. 4 Reinforcing fiber materials topped with unvulcanized elastomers on both sides are arranged above and below the spiral reinforcing wire between the unvulcanized back side elastomers, and an intermediate reinforcing layer is provided between the reinforcing fiber materials with an unvulcanized elastomer layer. The self-forming hose according to claim 1 or 2. 5. The self-forming hose according to claim 4, wherein the helical reinforcing wire is a circular or elliptical twisted wire composed of a large number of steel wires. 6 The unvulcanized elastomer layer and the reinforcing fiber material topped with the unvulcanized elastomer are joined between the unvulcanized back side elastomers, and the ring-shaped reinforcing wire is unvulcanized at the peaks or valleys or between the peaks and valleys. 2. A self-forming hose according to claim 1, wherein the hose is embedded in an elastomer layer and has an accordion shape on both the inner and outer surfaces.