JPH0469708B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Field of Use This invention is applicable to the field of concrete pouring work for construction, particularly in the field of pouring floor concrete, etc.
This article relates to a concrete leveling machine for mechanizing the surface leveling and leveling of poured fresh concrete.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION (1) Surface leveling of fresh concrete in floor concrete pouring work for buildings has long been carried out by the cooperation of earthworkers and plasterers.

However, recently, concrete leveling machines have been developed in order to simplify the surface leveling work and save labor and skills, and some of these machines have entered the stage of practical use.

(2) For example, the concrete leveling machine described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-60986 has a swing arm that is approximately triangular in plan view on a chassis with a caterpillar type running section, and the horizontality can be adjusted. and is provided so as to protrude forward in a cantilever type, a traversing rail is provided at the tip of the swing arm via a height adjustment mechanism, and a traversing table to which a leveling screw is attached traverses along the traversing rail. It is said to be composed of

Problems to be solved by the present invention () In the case of the concrete leveling machine mentioned in (2) above, the tip of the swing arm that protrudes forward is designed to prevent the leveled concrete surface from being trampled and disturbed by the caterpillar. It is characterized by a structure in which the leveling screw is supported in a cantilever type. Therefore, in order to prevent the chassis from tipping forward, the weight of the chassis must be increased to a certain extent as a counterweight to the weight of the leveling screw section. For this reason, there is a problem in that it is very difficult to reduce the weight of concrete leveling machines.

If the total weight of the concrete leveling machine is large, it is necessary to appropriately reinforce the support of the floor formwork, etc. when pouring concrete for the floor, which is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, reducing the weight of concrete leveling machines has become the most important technical issue.

()Although the concrete leveling machine mentioned in (2) above is equipped with a leveling screw leveling mechanism and a height adjusting mechanism, the leveling mechanism is It is only a configuration for leveling the cantilever type swing arm. For this reason, there was a problem in that it was difficult to guarantee whether the leveling screw supported by the swing arm, which should originally be the object of leveling, was at the level level, and the leveling accuracy was unreliable. .

() The above-mentioned weight reduction of the concrete leveling machine and horizontal leveling accuracy of the leveling screw can be rationally solved by installing it at a position directly below the center of the chassis (underneath the belly).

However, if the running part is a tire wheel or a track pillar, the concrete that has been smoothly leveled with a leveling screw installed under the underside of the vehicle will be trampled and disturbed by the tire wheel or track pillar. In other words, the tire tracks that pushed the soft concrete to both sides remain as groove-shaped tracks, so this track can be removed by pouring concrete again as a post-work and backfilling the tire marks.
There was a problem that the work was not truly mechanized because it required the time and effort of finishing.

Means for Solving the Problems As a means for solving the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, a concrete leveling machine according to the present invention is provided, as preferred embodiments are shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 of the drawings. A traversing rail 11 is installed in the center of a vehicle platform 1 equipped with wheels 2 and 3 that runs on poured fresh concrete via horizontality adjustment mechanisms 4, 5, and 6 and a height adjustment mechanism 8. , the leveling element 13 is installed on the rail 11 for traversing so as to be freely traversable.

In addition, as a specific embodiment, the wheels 2 and 3 that support the chassis 1 are formed into a basket shape by thin rods that are buried in the ready-mixed concrete so as to cut the front wheels 2 and 3.
The chassis 1 is supported by two four-wheel rear wheels 3, and one or both of the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 serve as driving wheels.

In addition, at least three horizontality adjusting mechanisms 4, 5, 6 are provided, one at each vertex position of a substantially equilateral triangle when the chassis 1 is viewed in plan. The leveling member 7 is supported by the leveling member 7, and the height adjustment mechanism 8 installed on the leveling member 7 is placed under the leveling member 7 to support the height adjustment member 9. It is designed to move up and down in parallel with the elevating member 7, and the height elevating member 9 is provided with a traverse rail 11 of a predetermined length.

The wheels 2 and 3 are two wheels arranged concentrically at a predetermined interval.
The rings 16, 16 are joined in the wheel direction by connecting rods 17 arranged at a constant pitch in the circumferential direction, and each ring 16, 16 and the hub 18 in the center are connected by spokes 19... to form a cage shape. It is formed.

Function This concrete leveling machine has a structure in which a leveling element 13 such as a screw is installed under the central part (below the belly) of the chassis 1, so it has extremely high stability against falling. Therefore, the chassis 1 can be made lightweight by having only the minimum necessary strength and rigidity.

In addition, the leveling member 7 is adjusted by the leveling adjustment mechanisms 4 to 6.
When the horizontal level is adjusted, the traverse rail 11
The result is equivalent to directly adjusting the levelness of the leveling element 13, such as a screw, installed on the traversing table 12. Therefore, horizontal level accuracy is highly guaranteed, and concrete leveling work with high horizontal level accuracy can be performed.

Example Next, the illustrated embodiment will be explained.

In the concrete leveling machine shown in Figures 1 to 3, 1 in the figure is a chassis, which is supported by two front wheels 2, 2 and two rear wheels 3, 3. There is. The chassis 1 has a lightweight skeleton structure made of square pipe materials and the like using the minimum necessary number of members.

The wheels 2 and 3 are mounted on vertical supports 25 (Fig. 4) at the four corners of the chassis 1, which is approximately rectangular when viewed from above.
It is installed by The front wheels 2, 2 are configured as drive wheels, and a drive motor 22 is attached to each.

The details of the structure of the wheel 2 or 3 are as shown in Fig. 4, in which two rings 16, 16 made of round pipes as thin as those cut through concrete are arranged in a parallel and concentric arrangement, and these are aligned in the axle direction. They are integrally welded together using a large number of connecting rods 17 that are parallel and equally spaced in the circumferential direction. Also, each ring 16,1
6 and the central hub 18 are rod-shaped spokes 19...
are integrally joined, and the entire structure is shaped like a cage.

Therefore, these wheels 2 and 3 are buried in the ready-mixed concrete placed on the floor formwork etc., as if cutting, and do not displace the concrete. Therefore, these wheels 2 and 3
The trajectory after passing through the concrete is naturally backfilled with traces due to the fluidity of the concrete, and no artificial modification is required.

In the case of the drive wheel 2 shown in FIG.
A hollow cylindrical axle 28, which is integral with the hub 18, is rotatably supported by a motor case 26 and a reducer case 27 fixed to both lower ends of the hub 18 via ball bearings. Said motor case 2
6, a drive motor 22 is fixed with bolts 29, and the drive shaft 22a of the drive motor 22 is connected to the reducer 31 installed in the reducer case 27 on the opposite side, and the output shaft of the reducer 31 is connected to the reducer 31 installed in the reducer case 27 on the opposite side. It is configured to be connected to the axle 28 and thereby transmit rotation to the axle 28.

Further, a rotary encoder 30 is installed in the reducer case 27, and the rotation speed and rotation angle of the drive shaft 22a are automatically measured by the encoder 30. Note that as the drive motor 22, a motor with an electromagnetic brake is used.

Therefore, when each drive motor 22 of the two front wheels (drive wheels) 2, 2 is controlled synchronously, the concrete leveling machine moves straight. At this time, the rotary encoder 30 measures the rotational speed and rotation angle of the wheels 2 to determine the travel distance, thereby making it possible to set the travel distance during automatic driving.

Post 25 provided vertically at the center of the upper surface of yoke 21
is rotatably supported by a cylindrical bracket 32 of the chassis 1. The steering motor 20 is configured to allow remote control to change the direction of the wheels 2 via the support 25. Snake control motor 20
A stepping motor is used. Based on pulse signals sent through the stepping driver, the two left and right motors 20, 20 are always synchronously controlled, and for example, by turning the front wheels 2, 2 by a predetermined rotation angle, the trajectory of the concrete leveling machine can be corrected or the direction can be adjusted. This makes remote control of conversion or automatic driving control possible.

Incidentally, in the case of the rear wheel 3, neither a drive motor nor a rotary encoder is required, so although detailed illustration is omitted, bearings are provided directly at both lower ends of the yoke 21, and both ends of the wheel 28 can be rotated. It is said to have a supported structure. The vertical strut 25 is also pivotably supported by a cylindrical bracket 32 of the chassis 1. However, the pillar 25 is
The configuration is such that the direction of the rear wheel 3 is fixed by inserting a pin or the like.

Next, in the center of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 of the chassis 1, one horizontal adjustment unit is installed at each vertex of a substantially equilateral triangle when viewed from above, as shown in FIG. Mechanisms 4, 5, and 6, a total of 3 units (however,
The number of bases is not limited), and these make the chassis 1
A leveling member 7 is supported substantially horizontally below.

The details of the structure of the horizontality adjustment mechanism 4 are as shown in FIG. 5, in which a reducer and a servo motor 41 are assembled on the upper side of the main frame 40, and a ball screw type feed screw shaft 42 is connected downward to the output shaft thereof. ing. On the other hand, a guide cylinder 43 is attached to the lower side of the main frame 40. A linear motion shaft 45 having a slider 44 that is slidable in the axial direction on its inner circumferential surface is concentrically provided within the guide cylinder 43 . A parent nut 46 that is integrally formed with this direct-acting shaft 45 has a
The feed screw shaft 42 is screwed through the ball. A mounting bolt 47 provided at the lower end of the direct-acting shaft 45 is coupled to a predetermined position of the leveling member 7 as shown in FIG. Other leveling adjustment mechanism 5,
6 also has a similar configuration.

Each horizontality adjustment mechanism 4, 5, 6 is connected to a bracket 3 provided on the chassis 1, for example, as shown in FIG.
3, a portion of the main frame 40 is supported by pins 34 in the form of a trunnion.

Therefore, when the servo motor 41 is rotated by a predetermined number of rotations or rotation angle in the forward or reverse direction through the servo driver, the linear motion shaft 45 is rotated by the screw movement between the feed screw shaft 42 and the main nut 46. It is extended downward or contracted upward by a predetermined distance.

Therefore, three horizontal adjustment mechanisms 4, 5, 6
The leveling of the leveling member 7 is automatically and accurately determined by automatically controlling the servo motor based on the measured values of a 3-axis inclinometer (not shown) installed on the leveling member 7, etc. It can be obtained quickly.

When viewed from above, the leveling member 7 has a substantially rectangular shape (first
It is structured as a framework shown in Figure). Immediately below this leveling member 7, a heightening member 9 is disposed in parallel.

The heightening member 9 is also configured as a framework. The guide pins 10 provided vertically upward on both sides of the longitudinal sides of the height adjustment member 9 are passed through the guide members 35 provided at the corresponding positions of the leveling member 7. They are combined in a relationship that allows them to move up and down as a parallel movement.

Therefore, when the leveling level of the leveling member 7 is adjusted by the leveling adjustment mechanisms 4, 5, and 6 as described above, the leveling level of the leveling member 7 is immediately adjusted.
This means that the horizontality level of the image has been adjusted.

The height adjustment mechanism 8 is fixed to the leveling member 7 and installed vertically downward, and its output shaft 8a is coupled to the heighting member 9 with a pin 36. The configuration of the height adjustment mechanism 8 is almost the same as the horizontality adjustment mechanism 4 shown in FIG. 5, and is driven by a servo motor 37 (FIG. 6) driven through a servo driver.
The output shaft 8a is expanded and contracted, and the height position of the height adjustment member 9 is adjusted.

In short, the height position of the height adjustment member 9 can be determined by properly adjusting the level of the level adjustment member 7 using the level adjustment mechanisms 4, 5, and 6, so that the height of the height adjustment member 9 can be determined. Extremely high degree and height adjustment accuracy is guaranteed.

To adjust the height position of the height adjustment member 9, a reference level laser beam 38 is received by a target 39 set up on the height adjustment member 9, and the error in the height level is automatically measured (Fig. 2). . Then, the measured value is input to the servo driver, and the servo motor 37 is automatically controlled.

As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.
In the figure), there are two
Rails 11, 11 for traversing books are provided in parallel.

A traversing platform 12 is installed under the traversing rails 11, 11 via slides 12a, 12a having biting grooves that are substantially the same in cross-sectional shape as the traversing rails 11.
are suspended along the rails 11, 11 so as to be able to traverse freely.

The transverse table 12 is approximately T when viewed from the front in FIG.
formed into a shape. Bearings 50, 50 are installed at the lower end of the vertical downward leg 12b corresponding to the T leg.
A leveling screw 13, which is a leveling element, is installed horizontally and rotatably through the leveling screw 13.

The leveling screw 13 is connected to a drive motor 14 installed on the traversing table 12 through a chain 51, and is driven to rotate. The drive motor 14 is a three-phase AC geared motor with a speed reducer, and the leveling screw 13 is driven to rotate at a rotation speed that matches the properties of the concrete. To improve the finish of concrete surface leveling work, leveling screw 13
speed of rotation.

Next, the transverse table 12 is equipped with a drive motor 52 (FIG. 6) for moving it along the rail 11.
is installed. A pinion 52a rotationally driven by this motor 5a is connected to the traversing rail 11.
It is meshed with a rack 53 attached parallel to the (FIG. 7). The drive motor 52 is a geared motor with an electromagnetic brake and a speed reducer.

In this way, the leveling screw 13
Along with this, the rails 11 are traversed within the length limit of the traverse rail 11 (see FIG. 1). The limit position of the movement stroke of the traversing table 12 is detected by a limit switch, and the stop and reverse operation of the drive motor 52 are automatically controlled. The surface of the poured concrete is leveled in units of the range in which the leveling screw 13 moves.

The concrete leveling machine having the above configuration is equipped with an automatic control panel 54 at the position indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 2, and is operated in either automatic operation or manual operation by switching modes.

Regardless of which method is used, the concrete leveling work at the site is carried out by moving the chassis 1 straight in pitches equivalent to the length of the leveling screw 13.
At each stop position, the procedure of rotating the leveling screw 13 and moving it along the traversing rail 11 is repeated. However, depending on the leveling finish, a construction method may be adopted in which the traveling of the chassis 1 and the horizontal movement of the leveling screw 13 are performed continuously.

Effects of the present invention As described above in detail in conjunction with the embodiments, the concrete leveling machine according to the present invention can completely level the surface of poured floor concrete, etc. Mechanized construction is possible, saving manpower, labor, and skills in earthwork and plastering.

Above all, this concrete leveling machine is sufficiently lightweight and can be constructed without special reinforcement such as floor formwork.

Furthermore, not only is the machine highly stable and there is no risk of falling accidents, but the height position and leveling of the leveling screw 13 are highly accurate, making highly accurate concrete leveling work and leveling efficient and inexpensive. It can be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 are a plan view, a front view, and a side view of a concrete leveling machine according to the present invention. Figure 4 is a sectional view showing the structural details of the drive wheel.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing the details of the structure of the leveling adjustment mechanism, Fig. 6 is a side view showing the structural parts from the leveling adjustment mechanism to the leveling screw in detail, and Fig. 7 is a front view of the same. be.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A vehicle that runs across the center of a vehicle platform 1 equipped with wheels 2 and 3 that runs on poured ready-mixed concrete via horizontality adjustment mechanisms 4, 5, and 6 and a height adjustment mechanism 8. A concrete leveling machine characterized in that a leveling rail 11 is installed, and a leveling element 13 is installed on the traversing rail 11 so that it can traverse freely. 2. The wheels that support the chassis 1 are formed into a basket shape using thin rods that are cut into the ready-mixed concrete, and the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 are four-wheeled, two each, supporting the chassis 1. The concrete leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that either one or both of the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 are drive wheels. 3. At least three horizontality adjusting mechanisms 4, 5, 6 are provided, one at each vertex of a substantially equilateral triangle when viewing the chassis 1 in plan. The leveling member 7 is supported by the leveling member 7, and the member 9 is supported by the height adjustment mechanism 8 installed on the leveling member 7 below the leveling member 7.
is supported, and the heightening member 9 is supported by the leveling member 7
The concrete leveling machine according to claim 1, wherein the concrete leveling machine moves up and down in parallel with the leveling machine, and the leveling member 9 is provided with a traversing rail 11 of a predetermined length. . 4. The wheels 2, 3 have two rings 16, 16 arranged concentrically at a predetermined interval, joined in the wheel direction by connecting rods 17 arranged at a constant pitch in the circumferential direction, and each ring 16, 16 and central hub 1
8 are connected by spokes 19 to form a cage shape.
Concrete leveling machine described in paragraph 2 or paragraph 2.