JPH0471995A - Ascending and descending method for pressurized airship - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To quickly let ascend or descend a pressurized airship which ascends or descends through force-feeding or exhausting of air in a flexible ballast envelope provided in a floating sack by using the exhaust gas of an engine provided in the pressurized airship as ballast gas. CONSTITUTION:A floating sack 1 is manufactured toughly and lightly by laminating carbon fiber cloth with resin, and helium is filled in it as floating gas 2. A ballast envelope 3 is constituted of tough material into a ballows-like flexible construction within the floating sack 1, and ballast gas 4 out of exhaust gas of an engine or mixture of the exhaust gas and air is force-fed or exhausted. A gondola 5 is suspended from the floating sack 1 through a plurality of suspending rods 6, and a propulsion engine 7, a compressor 8, and a radiator 9 are loaded in the gondola 5. The airship ascends or descends by charging exhaust gas of the engine 7 to the ballast envelope 3 or exhausting from the envelope 3 with an exhaust control valve.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) This invention relates to a method for raising and lowering a pressurized airship, in which the airship is lifted and lowered by changing the volume ratio of two types of gases with different specific gravities in the floatation bladder. It is about the method.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, the method used to raise and lower an airship was to reduce the weight by discarding the water on board and ascend, and then lower by releasing buoyant gas to reduce the buoyant force. However, this method had problems such as the waste of discarding expensive levitation gas such as helium, and the need to carry water.

As a way to solve this problem, an expandable ballast air bladder is installed inside the floatation bladder, and air with a higher specific gravity than the buoyant gas is put in and taken out of the ballast air bladder to compress or expand the buoyant gas. An air ballast system for raising and lowering an airship by increasing or decreasing the buoyancy force by changing the volume ratio between the
It is disclosed in Publication No. 199.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Among the conventional lifting methods described above, the air ballast method is economical because it does not require discarding expensive levitation gas (helium) and air can be obtained freely from the surroundings. However, the higher the mass of the ballast gas is, the faster the lifting effect is.The mass of air is 1.293 g/l at 0°C and 91 atmospheres, and it is not a heavy gas, so a large amount of air is required, and the lifting effect is faster. There was a slight problem with sexuality.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for lifting and lowering a pressurized airship, which improves the drawbacks of the air ballast method described above, increases the speed of lifting and lowers the capacity of the ballast air bladder, and reduces the capacity of the ballast air bag. It is.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an expandable ballast air bladder inside a strong and pressure-resistant float bladder, and pressurizes air into the ballast air bladder. or in a pressurized airship which raises and lowers by changing the volume of floating gas in the floatation bladder, the ballast airbag is filled with the exhaust gas of the engine of the pressurized airship or the exhaust gas. This is a method of raising and lowering a pressurized airship by injecting or discharging a gas mixture with air.

(Function) A pressurized airship is always equipped with an engine for propulsion.
The exhaust gas from this engine was previously discarded, but when this exhaust gas is used as ballast gas, the exhaust gas is mostly carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the mass of carbon dioxide at 0°C and 1 atm. 1.976g/l, which is about 1.5 times heavier than air, while water vapor weighs 1.976g/l.
At temperatures below 00°C (cooled through a radiator during actual use), the density increases and it finally turns into water, so the weight of exhaust gas varies depending on the temperature, but is more than twice the weight of air.

Therefore, if this exhaust gas is used as a nozzle last material, the required amount will be less than 1/2 that of air, greatly improving the speed of lifting and lowering, and reducing the capacity of the last air sac. It is something that can be accomplished.

(Embodiments) The present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a pressurized airship in which the method of the present invention is implemented, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration for explaining the main part of the embodiment of the method of the present invention.

In the figure, (1) is the floatation bladder, which is made by laminating carbon fiber cloth with resin to make it strong and lightweight, and the inside is filled with helium as flotation gas (2).

This buoyant gas (2) is already pressurized, but it will be further pressurized and the pressure will increase due to the expansion of the ballast air bladder, which will be described later, so the buoyant W (1) must have a structure with sufficient strength to withstand that pressure. It is something to do.

(3) is a ballast air bladder, which is made of a strong material inside the float bladder (1) so that it can be expanded and contracted in a bellows shape, and the ballast gas is made of engine exhaust gas or a mixture of exhaust gas and air for raising and lowering. (4) is press-fitted or discharged.

(5) is a gondola, with multiple suspension rods (6) in the air sac (1).
It is suspended from the ceiling and is used to install various equipment as well as to carry people and cargo.

The main equipment of this gondola (5) is a propulsion engine (7), a compressor (8), and a radiator (9).As shown in Figure 2, the exhaust from the engine (7) is controlled by an exhaust control valve ( 10), the first exhaust pipe (11) and the second exhaust pipe (
12) and the first exhaust pipe (11) and the second exhaust pipe (11).
It is designed to separate the exhaust into both exhaust pipes (12) and control the emission rate.During horizontal flight, it is released into the atmosphere from the first exhaust pipe (11), and when attempting to descend, it is released into the atmosphere from the second exhaust pipe (11). Through the exhaust pipe (12) all or part of the amount is sent to the mixing chamber (16).

When attempting to rapidly descend an airship, it is necessary to quickly supply a large amount of pallast gas (4) to the first last air sac (3), so the entire amount of exhaust gas is discharged to the second exhaust pipe (12). Since the propulsive force of the engine (7) is no longer needed, the rotation of the propeller (7a) is stopped and the compressor (
8), and the obtained air is delivered to the mixing chamber (16) through the on-off valve (14) and the air pipe (15).

This air completely burns the unburned components in the exhaust gas in the mixing chamber (16), and mixes with the exhaust gas to produce 120%
The exhaust gas temperature of about 0°C is lowered to about 6°O°C to create a large amount of ballast gas (4), which is then sent to the radiator (9).
It is further cooled to below 1°0°C, and is then pressurized into the ballast air bladder (3) through the ballast air supply pipe (17) under the pressure of exhaust gas and air (both 5 to 7 kg/an"). The ballast air sac (3) is inflated and the float bladder (1) is expanded.
) is compressed to reduce the volume of the levitation gas (2) by the amount of the palast gas (4) injected.

Thus, when the volume of the light buoyant gas (2) decreases and the volume of the heavy buoyant gas (4) increases, the buoyancy force decreases due to the increased overall weight, allowing the airship to descend quickly.

(18) is the ballast gas release valve, and the ballast air bag (3)
When the airship is about to ascend, the ballast gas release valve (18) is opened to release the ballast gas (4) in the ballast air bag (3) into the atmosphere, which releases the buoyant gas. (2) compresses the ballast air sac (3) and releases palast gas (4), which increases buoyancy and causes the airship to rise.

In addition, for vertical adjustment of about 50 to 100 m during navigation, the exhaust gas is discharged to both the first exhaust pipe (11) and the second exhaust pipe (12) by the exhaust control valve (10) to adjust the required amount. When the exhaust gas is supplied from the second exhaust pipe (I2) through the radiator (9) to the ballast air sac (3), it gradually begins to descend according to the principle described above. Although the propulsion level J is somewhat reduced, by appropriately adjusting the opening and closing of the pallast gas release valve (18), it is possible to adjust the elevation by about 50 to 100 m during navigation.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the method for lifting and lowering a pressurized airship according to the present invention described above, the exhaust gas of the engine provided in the pressurized airship is used instead of the conventional air as the ballast gas. Since exhaust gas is heavier than air, it can be moved up and down more quickly, and since the exhaust gas itself has the necessary pressure to press into the ballast bladder, no separate power is required for press-fitting. In addition, the compressor for obtaining air mixed in the exhaust gas diverts the power from the engine of the airship, so no dedicated power is required.

Furthermore, unlike the water ballast system, there is no need to load water for ballast, and exhaust gas that would otherwise have been thrown away into the atmosphere is used, so it is inexpensive and provides a rational method of raising and lowering.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] Fig. 1 is an overall side view, partially cut away, of an embodiment of a pressurized airship in which the method of the present invention is implemented, and Fig. 2 is an example of a configuration in which the method of the present invention is implemented. FIG. 5 ・ 7 ・ 9 ・ 11 ・ l 3 ・ 15 ・ 17 ・ l 8 ・ ・Gondola 6 ・Engine 8 ・Radiator 10 ・First exhaust pipe 12 ・Clutch 14 ・Air pipe 16 ・Ballast air supply pipe/Pallast gas release valve suspension rod Compressor exhaust control valve 2nd exhaust pipe opening/closing valve mixing chamber

Claims (1)

[Claims] An expandable ballast air bladder is provided inside the floatation bladder, which is strong and has pressure resistance, and by pressurizing air into or expelling air from the ballast air bladder, the volume of floating gas within the floatation bladder can be adjusted. In a pressurized airship, which is raised and lowered while changing the air pressure, exhaust gas from the engine of the pressurized airship or a mixed gas of the exhaust gas and air is injected into or discharged from the ballast air sac. A method for lifting and lowering a pressurized airship, characterized by: