JPH0472226A - Supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain the definite amount of handing particles which are apt to be easily adhered, consolidated and aggregated, at all times by forcively forwarding the handling particles within a receiving/accumulating container to a delivery device out of a gap between the rotating shafts of a rake-in device by means of vanes, so as to be delivered. CONSTITUTION:Incineration wastes which are transferred on conveyors, crane buckets and the like so as to be inputted into a supply hopper 1, are filled into a supply screw 4 while being revolved as indicated by an arrow head B in such a way as to be moved within a rake-in device 10 composed of a normal rotation rake-in screw 2 and of a reverse rotation rake-in screw 3. They are then transferred to the supply screw 4 so as to be inputted into an incineration furnace. In this case, the rake-in device 10 composed of the screws 2 and 3, functions as a crusher smashing coarse wastes, and also functions as a prevention device which prevents foreign objects from coming in and also from being bitten, for a delivery device 20 composed of the screw 4. Since inputted wastes are incinerated in several seconds or several minutes as they are in a fluidized bed incinerator, a device as mentioned herein above can be applied to an incinerator where the continuous supply of the definite amount of wastes is dominant.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a supply device that has functions for receiving, storing, and discharging materials such as municipal waste, industrial waste, biomass, and other solid materials. It is.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, this type of device has a configuration in which a dispensing device using a screw, rake, pusher, etc. is connected directly to the bottom of a container for receiving and storing the product.

The equipment used to feed the incinerated materials into the incinerator also had a screw connected directly to the bottom of the container.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the case of the above-mentioned conventional dispensing device using a rotating screw, the object to be handled is transported in the direction of the screw shaft by being pushed by the blades attached to the screw shaft as the screw rotates. Therefore, the part where the blade hits,
In other words, objects that fall by gravity from the upper container into the screw transport zone can be transported, but if the object in the container is compact or adhesive, or if it is clumped or contains a large amount of bulky material, there will always be gaps. It cannot be said that it falls into the screw transport area without any damage. For this reason, the filling rate of that portion changes moment by moment, which directly manifests itself as a fluctuation in the dispensed amount.

Moreover, at the bottom of the upper container in contact with the screw transport area, a shearing force is applied to the objects in the container in the direction of screw transport, so that the objects to be handled in the container may be susceptible to compaction or adhesion. If there is such force, the material to be handled will be pressed against the dispensing side wall surface and become lumps. For this reason, these nodules grow from the walls toward the center of the container, preventing the objects in the container from falling by gravity into the screw transport area, causing bridging, or falling into the screw transport area in the form of lumps. This causes extreme fluctuations in the payout amount.

Therefore, in the case of municipal waste, biomass, or damp paper pieces that are easily compacted, measures have been taken to move the walls back and forth to push them into the screw transport area before the nodules grow, or to push them toward the center of the container. ing. However, there are limits to how these methods can solve the problem, and operational measures are often taken to frequently empty the container and dispense the baby booms before they have grown much. .

When discharging with a rake, if the items being handled include strings or bulky items, or items that are likely to stick, compact, or form into lumps, items that are tangled in the rake or transported by the rake may be avoided.
The rake appears to be thicker and the transport area of the rake frequently becomes larger, resulting in poor quantitative quality and reliability of the amount dispensed. Also, depending on how entangled they are, they may not come off naturally and the operation may have to be stopped to remove them. Therefore, the materials to be handled are limited to those that are free of coarse substances such as lime, sand, and grains that are difficult to adhere to or become compacted and entangled.

In addition, as in the case of a screw, if the transport area is not filled smoothly by falling due to gravity, the discharge amount will fluctuate.

In the case of dispensing with a butcher, since the dispensing is done by the reciprocating movement of the butcher, the continuous supply property is impaired, so the purpose of use is limited, and this method is particularly difficult to apply to fluidized bed incinerators and boilers.

Furthermore, it can be said that the various problems raised regarding the screws and rakes mentioned above apply as they are.

In either case, if the handled items are compact or adhesive, or contain bulky items, they may tend to form clumps together as they flow into the transport area, or they may support each other and prevent them from falling. 500-10001m
It was necessary to prevent bridging by making the swallowing part of the dispensing device wider than 1, and by making the shape of the receiving container into a lower floor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and provides a reliable and stable feeding device that can always maintain a constant discharge amount even for handled objects that are prone to adhesion, compaction, and clumping. There is a particular thing.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a pair of rotating shafts arranged in parallel and having mutually opposite rotational directions, the rotating shafts generated by the blades attached to the rotating shafts when the rotating shafts are rotated in a downward direction. In the vicinity, there is a scraping device whose transport capacity for the object to be handled decreases along the rotational axis relative to the transport direction, and the transporting direction relative to the rotational axis is opposite to each other between the rotational shafts, and a scraping device disposed above the scraping device. The present invention is characterized by having a container for receiving and storing objects to be handled, and an object dispensing device disposed below the scraping device.

In addition, there is a special feature in which the width of the gap between the pair of rotating shafts of the raking device is set to be equal to or less than the width of the transportation section of the lower handled object discharging device. It is characterized in that the swallowing width of the lower handled object dispensing device is equal to or larger than the gap between the paths.

[Effect]

By configuring the supply device as described above, the material to be handled in the container for receiving and storing is lowered through the gap between the rotating shafts by the action of the blades by the downward rotation of the sides of the scraping device that approach each other. is forcibly sent to the dispensing device. When the dispensing device is filled, excess material to be handled can be transported in the axial direction of the raking device, but as the material is transported, the transport capacity decreases, so the material is transferred to the opposite rotating shaft side next to each other. They will be transferred in a way that sticks out. However, since the transport direction is opposite, it is pushed back toward the center. Therefore, the object to be handled moves around the center of the scraping device while moving between the blades of the two rotating shafts and being pressed against the dispensing device. Therefore, the dispensing device always operates at the same filling rate even if the object to be handled contains coarse objects or has some degree of compressive adhesion. To the dispensing device (7) The object to be handled is swallowed by gravity, as in the case of the conventional payout device, but the cutout or protrusion of the blade acts to forcibly scrape the object into the object. .

The growth of nodules near the wall surface, which is a problem with conventional screw-type dispensing devices, can be prevented in the following manner. That is,
Since one of the pair of rotating shafts of the raking device has a structure in which the end of the rotating shaft in the transportation direction has the largest transport capacity area between the other rotating shaft and the transport side, the object to be handled near the wall is removed by the rotating shaft rotating blades. are preferentially swallowed up by the scraping device and have no chance of forming a baby boom.

In addition, in order to more thoroughly prevent lumping, it is also possible to add an operation in which the scraping device is reversed for a short time at regular intervals to create a stirring and loosening effect. In this case, since the dispensing device is independent of the scraping device, the continuous quantitative supply ability of the dispensing device is not lost.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which the feeding device of the present invention is used in a fluidized bed furnace for incinerating waste; FIG.
b) is a sectional view taken along line A-A, and FIG. 3(c) is a plan view. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing details of the scraping device and the dispensing device. As shown in the figure, the feeding device includes a scraping device 10 consisting of a forward scraping screw 2 and a reverse scraping screw 3 arranged below the supply hopper 1.
A dispensing device 20 having a supply screw 4 is disposed at the lower central portion of the scraping device 10.

Further, a scraping screw casing 5 is connected to the lower part of the supply hopper 1, and a supply screw casing 6 is connected to the lower part of the scraping screw casing 5. One end of the supply screw casing 6 is in contact with the incineration material inputting lower a provided on the furnace wall 7 of the fluidized bed incinerator, and the material to be handled, that is, the incineration material transported by the supply screw 4 is in contact with the incineration material. The materials are fed into the incinerator through the feeding lower a.

The forward rotation raking screw 2 and the reverse raking screw 3 are raking screws of the same structure, but the normal rotation raking screw 2 rotates in the same direction as the supply screw 4, and the reverse rotation raking screw 3 rotates in the opposite direction. It is designed to rotate. In addition, the forward rotation raking screw 2 and the reverse rotation raking screw 3
and the feed screw 4 are arranged parallel to each other.

The gap between the forward rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3 of the scraping device 10 is determined by the distance between the outer shaft surface of the supply screw 4 and the inner surface of the supply screw casing 6, that is, the transport width of the supply screw 4. It is also slightly narrower. For this purpose, the normal rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3 have thick shafts 2-2, 3-2 and screw blades 2-
1. The height of 3-1 is reduced. Normal rotation raking screw
2 and the reverse scraping screw 3 have their shaft rotational speeds higher than the rotational speed of the supply screw 4, or have larger blades, so that the maximum scraping amount always exceeds the transport amount of the supply screw 4. When the feeding device with the above structure is used as an incineration material feeding device, etc., the feeding screw 4 needs to have a variable speed.
If the normal rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3 are driven by the supply screw 4 and a chain, gear, etc., the scraping amount can always be made larger than the supply amount at a constant ratio.

However, as mentioned above (see page 8), the scraping device 10 can be rotated in the reverse direction at regular intervals, or the forward rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3 can be reversed to release the jamming. In such cases, independent drive is better.

Supply hopper 1 transported by conveyor, crane packet, etc.
The incinerated material is supplied while moving in a raking device 10 consisting of a forward raking screw 2 and a reverse raking screw 3, as shown by arrow B in FIG. 1(e). The screw 4 is filled. Then, it is transferred by the supply screw 4 and put into the incinerator.

If the bulky materials mixed into the incineration material are relatively easy to crush, such as wood chips, Pro-Z resin, glass, foamed plastic, and cardboard, such as city garbage, etc., feed directly into the incinerator from this feeding device without being crushed. It can be used as a device. That is, the scraping device 10 consisting of the normal rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse scraping screw 3 functions as a crusher for crushing the coarse materials, and also functions as a foreign matter prevention device by trapping the coarse materials into the discharging device 20 consisting of the supply screw 4. fulfill. For this reason, it can be applied to incinerators such as fluidized bed incinerators, where what is put in burns in a few seconds to several minutes, and which requires continuous constant supply.

Furthermore, if the rotational speeds of the forward rake screw 2 and the reverse rake screw 30 of the rake device 10 are set to be different from each other, tearing force is generated, which is effective for the above-mentioned function. In this case, the rotating shaft is made reversible, and any metal lumps or large stones that are caught in the two scraping screws are released by reversing the forward rotation scraping screw 2, and are removed from the foreign object outlet 8 as shown in the figure. Discharge with other transported items. The foreign matter outlet 8 is an opening with an outward-opening door having a dimension equal to or larger than the width of the transport section, and is formed on a part of the casing wall at the end of the transport direction of the scraping device 10 during reversal. Moreover, this door does not have to open outward, and may be, for example, a vertically movable sliding gate. If it is not preferred to take out the foreign matter, a two-shaft screw conveyor in which at least one of the screw shafts is movable so that the distance between the supply screws 4 can be increased can be used to increase the maximum transportable distance. Since the size of coarse objects can be made extremely large and the gap between the forward rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3 can be increased, chewing debris will not occur except when extremely large coarse metal etc. are mixed in. .

Furthermore, in the case of an incinerator that co-combusts sludge with plastics or paper, this feeding device may be used as a feeding device for the incinerated material, and the following method may be used. The transport capacity of the forward rotation raking screw 2 and the reverse raking screw 3 of the raking device f10 is greatly increased compared to the supply screw 4, and the raking device [1
(By making active use of the movement at J, the forward rotation scraping screw 21 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3 can also play the role of an agitator, and the properties of the incinerated material can be stabilized. In particular, powdered materials and scattered If materials that are easy to burn can be allowed to co-combust with sludge,
This stirring action causes the sludge to be incorporated into the sludge, thereby preventing deflagration and scattering when it enters the fluidized bed incinerator, allowing it to be reliably fed into the fluidized bed for stable combustion.

The outer diameter of the blade 4-1 of the supply screw 4 is usually 400 to 60 mm depending on cost, layout, amount of incinerated material supplied, etc.
Since the width of the swallowing part is about 0■, the width of the swallowing part is too narrow and bridging will occur if the negative axis is used to handle objects such as municipal waste and biomass that are adhesively compacted or have coarse foreign matter mixed in. . Therefore, in order to prevent bridging, it was necessary to widen the swallowing portion to around 1000!1I11 by making the supply screw 4 of the dispensing device 20 biaxial. In the above embodiment, since the raking screw has two shafts, the normal raking screw 2 and the reverse raking screw 3, the engulfing portion is determined by the raking device 10, so the supply screw 4 can have a single shaft. becomes. Generally, in a multi-screw dispensing device, the gap between the screw and its casing is uneven and wide.

Therefore, it is difficult to always maintain a constant filling rate of the objects to be handled there. That is, it changes every moment depending on the physical properties and shape of the object to be handled, and this directly causes fluctuations in the supply amount. Also,
When the inside and outside of the incinerator are partially sealed depending on the material to be handled, the filling rate is extremely reduced, the sealing performance is impaired, and air and exhaust gas are likely to leak. In addition, the casing has a complicated shape and the drive requires multiple axes, making the structure complex and increasing equipment costs and maintenance.

In addition, compared to multiple shafts, the screw rotation speed increases due to the smaller transport amount per screw in the negative shaft, and the fluctuation in the supply amount per rotation that cannot be avoided with screws becomes smaller.
Cycles can also be shortened. Therefore, by using a -shaft, it is simple and inexpensive, maintainability is good, quantitative performance is much better, and sealing performance is also improved. In particular, when used as a combustion material supply device for incinerators, boilers, etc., it functions as a device that improves quantitative performance, sealing performance, and reliability.

In addition, if the above-mentioned supply device is used as a device for discharging large storage tanks such as silos, it is possible to supply a fixed amount to the downstream conveyor and remove foreign substances that cannot be transported, without taking up an unnecessarily large margin in the conveyor capacity. Furthermore, since there is no need to take measures to prevent foreign matter from getting caught, the equipment can be made smaller, and its mechanical strength can be lowered, resulting in lower costs and a significant reduction in conveyor maintenance.

In addition, if there is no concern about troubles due to the contamination of coarse foreign matter, the axial spacing between the forward rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3 of the scraping device 10 should be set so that the area of the swallowing portion In order to reduce the height of the receiving and storage section (supply hopper 1) and to create a structure that is difficult to bridge, the wider it is, the better. In this case, the blades 2-1.3- of the forward rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3
By increasing the height of 1, it is possible to expand without being limited by the size of the dispensing device. In this case, the blades 2-1 of the forward rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3
．． The distance between the tips of 3-1 can be increased to about the width of the swallowing part of the dispensing device 20, as shown in FIG. If this is expanded further, when a lump is formed around the dispensing device 20, if it is larger than the swallowing part, it will be able to get stuck even if the force of the scraping device 10 is applied, and there is a possibility that it will not be fed and a bridging will occur. This is because there is. Therefore, for example, if the dispensing device is a single-shaft screw, the swallowing width will be the same as that of a three-shaft screw, which includes the two shafts of the scraping device. Moreover, unlike the case where a simple dispensing device is a three-axis screw, it can provide excellent quantitative performance and continuity of a single-axis screw.

It is preferable that the blades 2-1, 3-1 of the forward rake screw 21 and the reverse rake screw 3 of the rake device 10 are provided with notches or protrusions to facilitate the transmission of force to the workpiece. For example, if blades 2-1 and 3-1 are provided with plate-shaped protrusions parallel to the axis on the surface opposite to the transport direction in some places to improve the ability to scrape in the material being handled, coarse particles may be mixed into the material being handled. Effective when there is material or compaction adhesion.

In addition, the normal rotation scraping screw 2 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 3
The blades attached to the rotating shaft of the machine may be separated into multiple paddles, but if the object to be handled contains string-like objects that can easily get tangled, tangles can be prevented by using continuous blades, that is, screws. .

The blade 2 attached to the rotating shaft 2-2, 3-2 of the forward rotation scraping screw 22 of the scraping device 10 and the rotating shaft 2-2 of the reverse scraping screw 3
The transport capacity according to -1.3-1 does not necessarily need to be gradually reduced, and may be reduced in stages. The following methods are available.

■How to change the attachment angle of the blade to the rotating shaft.

a) In the case of screw blades, change the screw pitch.

b) If using a paddle, change the mounting angle.

■How to change the area of the blade.

a) Keep the outer diameter of the blades the same and change the thickness of the rotating shaft.b) Keep the outer diameter of the rotating shaft the same and change the outer diameter of the blades.

■How to change the rotating shaft rotation speed.

a> The rotation axis is divided into left and right parts near the center, and the left and right sides have different rotation speeds.

b) A fixed shaft centered around a rotating shaft and a blade rotatable with respect to the shaft are attached by dividing into parts, and the part to which the blade is attached is divided into a plurality of parts, each of which has a different rotation speed.

All of the above methods have advantages and disadvantages, but in general, method (2) above is expensive and impractical. In terms of cost, rotating shaft,
Method (2), in which the casing and the like are the same in the axial direction, is inexpensive, but when considering the possibility of coarse particles getting mixed in, method (2), which has a lower probability of being caught between the blades, is more desirable. In addition,
It is preferable that the blade near the end in the rotational transport direction has a blade surface parallel to the axis so that the transport capacity is 0 and a force acting in the direction of rotation of the shaft acts.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

(1) The material to be handled in the container for acceptance and storage is forcibly sent to the dispensing device through the gap between the rotating shafts of the scraping device by the action of the blades, and when the dispensing device is filled, the surplus material is The object rotates near the center while being pressed against the dispensing device below the scraping device. Further, the object to be handled does not form into lumps in the swallowing portion of the dispensing device. Therefore, bridging and fluctuations in the amount of swallowing are prevented, and even if there is a certain degree of contamination or compaction in the material to be handled, the dispensing device will always operate at the same filling rate, improving continuous quantitative supply. do.

(2) The effect of the scraping screw produces the effect of crushing coarse materials.

(3) By placing the scraping screws close together,
It is possible to prevent coarse foreign matter from entering the dispensing device and to discharge the coarse foreign matter without impairing the continuous quantitative supply capability of the dispensing device.

(4) The feed can be stirred and mixed by the scraping screw. This can be achieved by increasing the transport capacity of the scraping screw. (5) Since the scraping device has two shafts, it is possible to use a single shaft dispensing device, resulting in a simple and inexpensive structure, good maintainability, and excellent quantitative performance.

As a result of the above basic effects, the following applied effects occur, and the present technology has great significance.

(6) For municipal waste incinerators that contain large amounts of bulky materials that are relatively easy to crush, by using this device as a feeding device, it is possible to crush even if input without crushing, and remove bulky materials that cannot be crushed. Therefore, excellent continuous quantitative supply and sealing inside and outside the furnace can be performed using the -shaft screw type dispensing device. It can be applied without problems even to devices with high combustion speeds such as fluidized bed incinerators, and can stabilize combustion.

(7) By using this device, which has an enhanced scraping capacity, as a feeding device in an incinerator or boiler for co-combusting sludge with plastics and paper, the material to be fed can be stirred before being fed. Therefore, the physical properties and calorific value of the combustion product become stable. In addition, by mixing substances that are easily scattered with the sludge, ignition becomes stable and reliable, and deflagration and scattering can be suppressed.

(8) As shown in (6) and (7) above, by using it as a combustion material supply device to a boiler or incinerator, the stability of combustion can be improved and the excess rate of combustion air can be reduced. This makes it possible to suppress the generation of harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides, organic chlorine compounds, and carbon monoxide, which has been difficult in the past. In addition, the air volume of the exhaust gas treatment system becomes stable, the performance is improved, and the capacity can be reduced. In addition, in the case of a boiler, steam generation is stabilized, control becomes easy, high-quality steam can be obtained, and recovered steam can be used effectively. Therefore, it has a great effect on improving the equipment cost and pollution performance of incineration equipment and boiler equipment, and on the utilization of steam.

(9) Furthermore, if the feeding device of the present invention is used as a dispensing device for a large storage tank such as a silo, it is possible to supply a fixed amount to the downstream conveyor and remove foreign substances that cannot be transported, increasing the conveyor capacity. There is no need to make the size larger than necessary, there is no need to take measures to prevent foreign matter from getting caught, it can be made smaller, and the mechanical strength can be lowered, resulting in significant reductions in price and maintenance costs. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an example in which the feeding device of the present invention is used in a fluidized bed furnace for incinerating waste; FIG.
b) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A, FIG. It is a sectional view showing details of a scraping device and a dispensing device portion of the device. In the figure, 1... Supply hopper 2... Normal rotation scraping screw 3... Reverse rotation scraping screw 4...
Supply screw 5... Scraping screw casing, 6... Supply screw casing, 7... Furnace wall, 8... Foreign matter outlet. Figure 2 3N

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A pair of rotating shafts that are arranged in parallel and have mutually opposite rotational directions, and when the sides of the rotating shafts approach each other downward, the blades attached to the rotating shafts cause damage to the workpiece near the rotating shafts. a scraping device whose transport capacity decreases along a rotational axis relative to the transport direction, and the transporting direction relative to the rotational axis is opposite to each other between the rotational shafts; and a receiving object disposed above the scraping device. A supply device comprising: a container for storage; and a handled object dispensing device disposed below the scraping device. (2) The width of the gap between the pair of rotating shafts of the scraping device is set to be equal to or less than the width of the transport section of the lower handled object discharging device, and one of the pair of rotating shafts of the scraping device is rotatable, and when the scraping device is reversed, 2. The feeding device according to claim 1, wherein a part of the casing wall at the end of the scraping device in the transportation direction is provided with a foreign matter outlet having a dimension equal to or larger than the width of the transportation section. (3) The feeding device according to claim (1), characterized in that the width between the tips of the rotary shaft-mounted blades of the scraping device is approximately equal to or larger than the swallowing width of the lower object dispensing device. .